Chapter 1
Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9th ed. © Spring 2011Elsarnagawy
Principles of Electric Circuit
207 MDE2010/2011 - 1431/1432
Spring 312
Tarek ElsarnagawyProf. assoc. Dr. Ing.
Tel.: 4735277 – 497 or 516Office hours: see time tableEmail: [email protected]
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Lecture # 1
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9th ed. © Spring 2011Elsarnagawy
Textbook
Principles of Electric Circuits: Conventional• Current Version, 9/E
Thomas L. Floyd
• ISBN-10: 013507309XISBN-13: 9780135073094
• Publisher: Prentice HallCopyright: 2010Format: Cloth; 992 ppPublished: 03/05/2009
• Boylestad, Introductory Circuit Analysis, 12/e
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9th ed. © Spring 2011Elsarnagawy
Evaluation and assessment
• Assignments 5%• Seminars/oral 5%• Quizzes 5%• Practical 20%• Lab exam 10%• Mid term 1,2 15%• Final 40%
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9th ed. © WS 2010 -Elsarnagawy
Course Syllabus
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
► Chapter 1: Quantities and Units► 1-1 Units of Measurement► 1-2 Scientific Notation► 1-3 Engineering Notation and Metric
Prefixes► 1-4 Metric Unit Conversions► ► Chapter 2: Voltage, Current, and
Resistance► 2-1 Atomic Structure► 2-2 Electrical Charge► 2-3 Voltage, Current, and
Resistance► 2-4 Voltage and Current Sources► 2-5 Resistors► 2-6 The Electric Circuit► 2-7 Basic Circuit Measurements► 2-8 Electrical Safety► ► Chapter 3: Ohm’s Law► 3-1 The Relationship of Current,
Voltage, and Resistance► 3-2 Calculating Current► 3-3 Calculating Voltage► 3-4 Calculating Resistance► 3-5 Introduction to Troubleshooting► A Circuit Application
► Chapter 4: Energy and Power► 4-1 Energy and Power► 4-2 Power in an Electric Circuit► 4-3 Resistor Power Ratings► 4-4 Energy Conversion and
Voltage Drop in Resistance► 4-5 Power Supplies► A Circuit Application► ► Chapter 5 Series Circuits► 5-1 Resistors in Series► 5-2 Current in a Series Circuit► 5-3 Total Series Resistance► 5-4 Application of Ohm’s Law► 5-5 Voltage Sources in Series► 5-6 Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law► 5-7 Voltage dividers► 5-8 Power in Series Circuits► 5-9 Voltage Measurements► 5-10 Troubleshooting► A Circuit Application
5
Chapter 6 Parallel Circuits6-1 Resistors in Parallel6-2 Voltage in a Parallel Circuit6-3 Kirchhoff’s Current Law6-4 Total Parallel Resistance6-5 Application of Ohm’s Law6-6 Current Sources in Parallel6-7 Current Dividers6-8 Power in Parallel Circuits6-9 Parallel Circuit Applications6-10 TroubleshootingA Circuit Application
207 MASH, 312Course Syllabus
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
207 MASH, 312Course Syllabus
► Chapter 12 Capacitors► 12-1 The Basic Capacitor► 12-2 Types of Capacitors► 12-3 Series Capacitors► 12-4 Parallel Capacitors► 12-5 Capacitors in DC Circuits► 12-6 Capacitors in AC Circuits► 12-7 Capacitor Applications► 12-8 Switched-Capacitor Circuits► A Circuit Application► ► Chapter 13 Inductors► 13-1 The Basic Inductor► 13-2 Types of Inductors► 13-3 Series and Parallel Inductors► 13-4 Inductors in DC Circuits► 13-5 Inductors in AC Circuits► 13-6 Inductor Applications► A Circuit Application
6
► Chapter 11 Introduction to Alternating Current and Voltage\
► 11-1 The Sinusoidal Waveform► 11-2 Sinusoidal Voltage Sources► 11-3 Sinusoidal Voltage and
Current Values► 11-4 Angular Measurement of a
Sine Wave ► 11-5 The Sine Wave Formula► 11-6 Introduction to Phasors► 11-7 Analysis of AC Circuits► 11-8 Superimposed DC and AC
Voltages► 11-9 Nonsinusoidal Waveforms► 11-10 The Oscilloscope► A Circuit Application
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9th ed. © WS 2010 -Elsarnagawy
7
Quantities and Units
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
Quantities and Units
► 1-1 Units of Measurement► 1-2 Scientific Notation► 1-3 Engineering Notation and Metric
Prefixes► 1-4 Metric Unit Conversions
8
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
9
International System of Units “System International d’Unites”
SI Fundamental Units
Length Mass
Time
Electric current
Temperature
Luminous intensity
Amount of substance
Quantity Unit Symbol
Meter m
Kilogram kg
Second s
Ampere A
Kelvin K
Candela cd
Mole mol
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
10
Some Important Electrical Units
CurrentCharge
Voltage
Resistance
Power
Ampere A
Coulomb C
Volt V
Ohm WWatt W
Except for current, all electrical and magnetic units are derived from the fundamental units. Current is a fundamental unit.
Quantity Unit Symbol
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
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Some Important Magnetic Units
All magnetic units are derived from the fundamental units. These units are discussed in Chapter 10.
Magnetic field intensity H
Magnetic flux fMagnetic flux density B
Magnetomotive force Fm
Permeability m
Ampere-turns/meter At/m
Weber Wb
Tesla T
Ampere-turn At
Webers/ampere-turns-meter Wb/At.m
Ampere-turns/weber At/WbReluctance R
Quantity Symbol Unit Symbol
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
ENGINEERING NOTATION
►Engineering notation specifies that all powers of ten must be 0 or multiples of 3, and the tens unit must be greater than or equal to 1 but less than 1000.
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
FIXED-POINT, FLOATING-POINT, SCIENTIFIC, AND ENGINEERING NOTATION
Prefixes
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
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Engineering Metric Prefixes
peta
tera
giga
mega
kilo
1015
1012
109
106
103
P
T
G
M
k
Can you name the prefixes and their meaning?
Chapter 1
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Engineering Metric Prefixes
10-3
10-6
10-9
10-12
10-15
milli
micro
nano
pico
femto
m
m
n
p
f
Can you name the prefixes and their meaning?
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
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Very large and very small numbers are represented with scientific and engineering notation.
Scientific and Engineering Notation
47,000,000 = 4.7 x 107 (Scientific Notation)
= 47. x 106 (Engineering Notation)
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0.000 027 = 2.7 x 10-5 (Scientific Notation)
= 27 x 10-6 (Engineering Notation)
0.605 = 6.05 x 10-1 (Scientific Notation)
= 605 x 10-3 (Engineering Notation)
Scientific and Engineering Notation
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
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When converting from a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point to the right. Remember, a smaller unit means the number must be larger.
Metric Conversions
0.47 MW = 470 kW
Larger number
Smaller unit
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
20
When converting from a smaller unit to a larger unit, move the decimal point to the left. Remember, a larger unit means the number must be smaller.
Metric Conversions
10,000 pF = 0.01 mF
Smaller number
Larger unit
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
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When adding or subtracting numbers with a metric prefix, convert them to the same prefix first.
Metric Arithmetic
10,000 W + 22 kW =
10,000 W + 22,000 W = 32,000 W
Alternatively,
10 kW + 22 kW = 32 kW
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
22
When adding or subtracting numbers with a metric prefix, convert them to the same prefix first.
Metric Arithmetic
200 mA + 1.0 mA =
200 mA + 1,000 mA = 12,000 mA
Alternatively,
0.200 mA + 1.0 mA = 1.2 mA
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
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Most work in electronics involves measurements, which always have error. You should report only digits that are reasonably assumed to be accurate.
Significant Figures
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
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Significant Figures
1. Nonzero digits are always considered to be significant.
2. Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are never significant.
3. Zeros between nonzero digits are always significant.
4. Zeros to the right of the decimal point for a decimal number are never significant.
5. Zeros to the left of the decimal point with a whole number may or may not be significant depending on the measurement.
152.71
0.0938
10.05
5.100
5100.
Looking at the rule, decide how many significant figures in each of the examples, which are given with a rule:
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
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Quiz
1. A resistor is an example of
a. a passive component
b. an active component
c. an electrical circuit
d. all of the above
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
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Quiz
2. The electrical unit that is fundamental is the
a. volt
b. ohm
c. coulomb
d. ampere
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
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Quiz
3. In scientific notation, the number 0.000 56 is written
a. 5.6 x 104
b. 5.6 x 10-4
c. 56 x 10-5
d. 560 x 10-6
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
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Quiz
4. In engineering notation, the number 0.000 56 is written
a. 5.6 x 104
b. 5.6 x 10-4
c. 56 x 10-5
d. 560 x 10-6
Chapter 1
Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
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Quiz
5. The metric prefix nano means
a. 10-3
b. 10-6
c. 10-9
d. 10-12
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Quiz
6. The metric prefix pico means
a. 10-3
b. 10-6
c. 10-9
d. 10-12
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Quiz
7. The number 2700 MW can be written
a. 2.7 TW
b. 2.7 GW
c. 2.7 kW
d. 2.7 mW
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Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
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Quiz
8. The value 68 kW is equal to
a. 6.8 x 104 W
b. 68, 000 W
c. 0.068 MW
d. All of the above
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Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
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Quiz
9. The sum of 330 mW + 1.5 W is
a. 331.5 mW
b. 3.35 W
c. 1.533 W
d. 1.83 W
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Principles of Electric CircuitsMDE 207
© Spring 2011 -Elsarnagawy
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Quiz
10. The quantity 200 mV is the same as
a. 0.000 200 V
b. 20 mV
c. 0.2 V
d. all of the above