Classification of ProcessesOrder from Chaos
Version 2 – Post Harwell update
Ian Dalling - Unified Management Solutions CQI Nuclear Special Interest Group Meeting – Harwell June 2011
Implementation
Integrity
Integration
Intelligence
Ingenuity
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This presentation may be used freely for private study or research purposes.
Requests for permission to reproduce all or part of this document must be addressed to:
Mr Ian Dalling, Unified Management Ltd, 9 Little Lane, Alverstoke, Gosport, Hampshire PO12 2LA, United Kingdom.
Tel: +1695 728059 or +44 2392511043Email: [email protected]
www.UnifiedManagement.com
Presentation Contents FIRST PRINCIPLES
• Emergence of management• Essence of management• Structure and dynamics• Plan-do-check-act• Rule or map?• Principal process types
TAXONOMY PRINCIPLES• Classification examples• Why classify?• Taxonomy design principles
12 ELEMENT TAXONOMY• Circular format• Linear format• Synergy
APPLICATION TO MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS• Applicability potential• Stakeholder specific requirements• Overt and covert processes• Standards and regulations mapping• Variation in elements application
GENERAL APPLICATION• Potential universality across manage
ment instruments
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
ADDITIONAL SLIDES• Organisation Universal Model• Overall Process Types
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
FIRST PRINCIPLES
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
Emergence of Management Systems
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
13,750,000,000 Years since big bang
Homo sapiens evolved between 400,000 and 250,000 years ago
Natu
ral S
yst
em
s and P
roce
sses
Eng
ineere
d S
yst
em
s and P
roce
sses
Managem
en
t Syst
em
s and P
roce
sses
Essence of Management
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
ManagerConsciousness
?
That whichis managed
Process ofmanaging
Structure and Dynamics
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
?
Process ofmanaging
That whichis managed
Structure Dynamicshosts
creates, maintains and destroys
Managerconsciousness
Structure and Dynamics
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
?
Process ofmanaging
That whichis managed
Managerconsciousness
Structure Dynamics
System Process
ManagementSystem
A
C
D
P
Structure and Dynamics
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
?
Process ofmanaging
That whichis managed
Managerconsciousness
Structure Dynamics
System Process
ManagementSystem
Management topic structure (taxonomy)
A
C
D
P
Application of Plan-Do-Check-Act
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
A
C
D
P
Task
Team
Project
MiddleManagement
Top Management‘Strategy’
Incr
easi
ng C
ycl
e F
requency
Incr
easi
ng C
oopera
tion &
Coord
inati
on
a stratified pyramid of plan-do-check-act cycles
Process Rule or Process Map?1
Structure and Process Justification
(Safety Case)
Permitted structures and processes
(operational envelope) (Operating Rules)
Mandatory maintenance,
inspection, and test requirements(MIT Schedule)
Possible Structures and Processes
Mandatory and permitted structures and processes
Non-permitted structures and processes
Known unsafe structures and processes
Structures and processes outside scope of ‘structure and process justification’
Risk Assessment
Process Rule or Process Map?2
Structure and Process Justification
(Safety Case)
Permitted structures and processes
(operational envelope) (Operating Rules)
Mandatory maintenance,
inspection, and test requirements(MIT Schedule)
Possible Structures and Processes
Mandatory and permitted structures and processes
Non-permitted structures and processes
Known unsafe structures and processes
Structures and processes outside scope of ‘structure and process justification’
Risk AssessmentGeneric Process Rule Only work to current
approved documents Retain record for 7
years
Process Map or Definition
References
management topic taxonomy
Principal Process Types
Supply (input)
Delivery (output)
CoreSupporting Contingency
TAXONOMY PRINCIPLES(CLASSIFICATION)
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
Examples of classification
Structure and dynamics Species Periodic table of chemical elements Right wing and left wing politics Relationships (superior, peer and subordinate) Branches of knowledge and library books Supermarket products
Organisations (size, industry size etc) Alpha/numeric Mathematical set theory Human emotions Professions Age and gender Personnel fitness Risk (high, medium, low) Prioritisation (first, next, last) Processes???
Why do we classify?
Simplify and create orderliness (lower entropy)
Improve understanding:• Patterns• Group characteristics and synergy• Hierarchy
Improve communication• mutually understood conventions and
definitions Be able to manage more successfully
Taxonomy Design Principles
1. Hierarchical element structure2. Plan-Do-Check-Act embedded3. Reflect theory and practice4. Distinct non-replicated element characteristics5. Element clusters facilitate generic control and
guidance6. Elements facilitate simple interrelationships7. Inclusive element scopes8. Universal, concise and intuitive element titles9. Comprehensive - all organisational structures
and dynamics covered.
12 ELEMENT MANAGEMENT TOPIC TAXONOMY
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
ActElement 12
PlanElement 1
CheckElements 10 and 11
DoElements 2 to 9
Management Topic
Taxonomy
10
1211
1
2
3
4
567
8
9
Asse
ssm
ent
Cont
rols
and
Personnel
Commerce
Data
MatterandEnergy
Suppliers
Prod
uct
and
Serv
ice
Del
iver
y
Contingencie
s
Change
Reactive
Proactive
Monitoring
Monitoring
Review
Actionand
P
D
C
A
Planning & control
Leading KPI’s
Lagging KPI’sRoot causes
Immediate causes
Evidence
Structure & process
Corrective & preventiveStrategic
Project
Tracking
Vis
ion
& p
olic
yO
bjec
tives
& ta
rget
sLe
gisl
atio
n
Opp
ortu
nity
& R
isk
Just
ifica
tion
Tool
s &
tech
niqu
es
Review
Planning
Outputs
Org
anis
atio
nRes
pons
ibilit
ies
Interacti
ons
Employment li
fecycle
Structure
Control
DatabasesSecurity
ProcessingConventions
Organisation entity
Stakeholders
SelectionHandling & use
Processing
Waste & em
issions
Infrastructure
Maintenance,
inspection & testing
Approval
Specification &
ordering
Receipt
Perform
ance
Projec
ts
Plan
ningGen
eral
Testi
ng & tr
ainingEvents
Non
-aw
ard
Mar
ketin
g
Pro
posa
l
Impl
emen
tatio
n
Pos
t com
plet
ion
PlanElement 1
ActElement 12
DoElements 2 to 9
CheckElements 10 and 11
Finance
12. Reviewand Action
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
10. ReactiveMonitoring11. ProactiveMonitoring
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
Twelve Element Structure
10
1211
1
2
3
4
567
8
9
Asse
ssm
ent
Cont
rols
and
Personnel
Commerce
Data
MatterandEnergy
Suppliers
Prod
uct
and
Serv
ice
Del
iver
y
Contingencie
s
Change
Reactive
Proactive
Monitoring
Monitoring
Review
Actionand
P
D
C
A
Planning & control
Leading KPI’s
Lagging KPI’sRoot causes
Immediate causes
Evidence
Structure & process
Corrective & preventiveStrategic
Project
Tracking
Vis
ion
& p
olic
yO
bjec
tives
& ta
rget
sLe
gisl
atio
n
Opp
ortu
nity
& R
isk
Just
ifica
tion
Tool
s &
tech
niqu
es
Review
Planning
Outputs
Org
anis
atio
nRes
pons
ibilit
ies
Interacti
ons
Employment li
fecycle
Structure
Control
DatabasesSecurity
ProcessingConventions
Organisation entity
Stakeholders
SelectionHandling & use
Processing
Waste & em
issions
Infrastructure
Maintenance,
inspection & testing
Approval
Specification &
ordering
Receipt
Perform
ance
Projec
ts
Plan
ningGen
eral
Testi
ng & tr
ainingEvents
Non
-aw
ard
Mar
ketin
g
Pro
posa
l
Impl
emen
tatio
n
Pos
t com
plet
ion
PlanElement 1
ActElement 12
DoElements 2 to 9
CheckElements 10 and 11
Finance
1 Assessment and Controls1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Vision and Policy
Objectives and Targets
Legislation and Standards
Opportunity and Risk Assessment
Structure and Process Justification
Management Tools and Techniques
ReviewsSpecialist
PlanningGeneral
Review
MaintenanceReview
SelectionApplication
Identification
Evaluation
Identify potential harm
Identify stakeholders affected
Assess risks
Develop controls
Assess residual risks12. Reviewand Action
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
10. ReactiveMonitoring
11. ProactiveMonitoring
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
3 Commerce1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Entity Maintenance
StakeholdersContracts
Interfaces
Licenses
Accreditations and Certifications
Registrations
Finance
Revenue
Payments
Cash
4 Data1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Control
Databases
Access
Processing
Conventions
Structures
Accounting
Key Performance Indicators
Finance
?
Matter and Energy
Personnel
Infrastructure Condition
Energy
?CarbonWaste
Working Hours
Management System
External
InternalDocuments- company- project
Records
Filing
Numbering and Nomenclature
Library
Lifecycle
Literature and Web SiteNotice Boards
Signage
CreationRetentionDisposalComputer Software
5 Matter and Energy1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Selection
Handling and Use
Processing
Maintenance, Inspection and Testing
Waste & Emissions
Infrastructure
Receipt
Storage
Transport
Work Environment
Estates
Facilities
Plant and Equipment
Personal Protective Equipment
Configuration
6 Suppliers1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Approval
Specification and Ordering
Receipt
Performance Evaluation
Reconciliation and Payment
Vetting
Classification
Audit
Data Collection
12. Reviewand Action
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
10. ReactiveMonitoring
11. ProactiveMonitoring
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
7 Service and Product Delivery1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Marketing
Pre-contract
Failure to Obtain Contract
Contract Implementation
Post Contract Completion Activities
7 Service and Product Delivery+1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Marketing
Proposals
Contract Non-award Review
Contract Implementation
Post Completion Activities
Business Development
Preparation of Proposals
Contract Implementation
Lost Contract Evaluation
Post Contract Evaluation
12. Review and Action
Potential Contract Classification
8 Contingencies1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
PlanningNonconformances
Succession Planning
Project Arrangements
Testing and Training
Insurance
Symptom Based Procedures
First Aid
General Arrangements
Emergencies, Crises and Disaster Recovery
Standard Procedures
EventsGeneral Management
Classification
Product Recall
9 Change1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Corrective and Preventive
Strategic
Structure and Process
Project
Lifecycle
Markets
Product/Service Definitions
Vision and Policies
Organisation
Management System
Infrastructure
Classification
Registration
Approval
Review
Implementation
12.Management
Review
10 Reactive Monitoring1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Evidence
Immediate Causes
Root Causes
Lagging Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s)
12. Management Review and
Action
9. Change
12. Reviewand Action
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
10. ReactiveMonitoring
11. ProactiveMonitoring
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
11 Proactive Monitoring1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Planning and Control
Leading Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s)
Audits
Benchmarking
Inspections
Self Monitoring
Surveys
12. Reviewand Action
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
10. ReactiveMonitoring
11. ProactiveMonitoring
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
11 Proactive Monitoring+1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Types
Leading Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s)
Audits
Benchmarking
Inspections
Self Monitoring
Surveys
12. Reviewand Action
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
10. ReactiveMonitoring
11. ProactiveMonitoring
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
April 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
incr
easi
ng f
orm
alit
y
incr
easi
ng f
requency
and d
eta
il
Each Shift
DailySupervisor Inspections
WeeklyManager Inspections
Yearly3rd Party Audits
Supplier Audits
Internal Audits
Self Monitoring
Continual
Monthly
Surveys
Benchmarking
What? When?
12 Review and Action1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Planning
Review
Outputs
Agenda
Actions
Product/service delivery
Technological options
Vision and Strategy
New and changed aspects and hazards
Reactive monitoring
Stakeholder interactions, needs and expectations
Proactive monitoring
Use of management tools
12. Reviewand Action
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
10. ReactiveMonitoring
11. ProactiveMonitoring
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
Action Plan
Minutes
Meetings Schedule
Reports, Discussion and Decisions
Agenda Templates Legislation
Suppliers
Internal projects and change
Sales, marketing and prospects
Personnel
Objectives
Key Performance Indicators
Management System
Taxonomy Synergy1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Organisation failures have multiple contributing causes related to multiple taxonomy elements
Nearly all major loss events have an impact on total performance Quality Health and safety Environment Financial Reputation
Elements are like a chain
APPLICATION OF TAXONOMY TO MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
IMS Taxonomy Application1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Applicable to any organisation, irrespective of type and size.
Applicable globally. Enables alignment throughout
supply and delivery chains.
+ Stakeholder Specific Requirements
Stakeholder Specific Controls1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
+
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring
12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring
12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring
12. Reviewand Action
PLA
ND
OC
HEC
KA
CT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Dedicated arrangements can be defined to comply with specific stakeholder requirements using the same twelve element taxonomy to complement the organisation’s generic twelve generic management procedures.
Overt and Covert Processes1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring
12. Reviewand Action
PLA
ND
OC
HEC
KA
CT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Overt and covert processes can use the same twelve element taxonomy
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring
12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Standards and Management Regulations Mapping
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
???
ISO17025
OHSAS18001
ISO14001
ISO9001
Construction, Design and Management Regulations
Management of H&S at Work Regulations
???
Application Variation Across Taxonomy Elements
Others tend to vary considerably across organisations.
1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Some applications of taxonomy elements tend to vary very little across organisations.
GENERAL APPLICATION OF TAXONOMY TO MANAGEMENT
INSTRUMENTS
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
Taxonomy Universal Application1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
Taxonomy has potential to be universally applied to the structuring of:
Management standards Legislation
overall structuring individual statutes and regulations
Licensing arrangements Databases Records Key performance indicators and dashboards Root cause analysis Audits and inspections Management review Problem-solving Education and training programs Knowledge structures Artificial management intelligence Research planning
Summary and Conclusion1. Assessmentand Controls
2. Personnel
3. Commerce
4. Data
5. Matter andEnergy
6. Suppliers
7. Service andProduct Delivery
8. Contingencies
9. Change
11. ProactiveMonitoring12. Reviewand Action
PLAN
DOCH
ECK
ACT
10. ReactiveMonitoring
All of an organisation’s processes can be controlled and guided via twelve management procedures
An organisation’s management system can be totally integrated with no residual fragmented parts
The taxonomy can be applied universally to a range of management instruments and processes
Potential to align and streamline management processes
Ian Dalling may be contacted via [email protected]
ADDITIONAL SLIDES
June 2011 ©2011 Unified Management Solutions
©2005 Unified Management Ltd
Organisation Universal Model
Per
form
ance
Internal Climate
Stakeholders
Consciousness
ManagementSystem
CompetenceBase
OrganisationCulture
Cor
pora
te
Lead
ersh
ip
(Top
Man
agem
ent)
Hum
an R
esou
rce
Dat
a,
Mat
ter,
Ene
rgy
etc
Processes
Delivery Chain
Supply Chain
Overall Process Types
trigger
trigger
trigger
trigger
trigger
trigger
Per
form
ance
Internal Climate
Stakeholders
Consciousness
ManagementSystem
CompetenceBase
OrganisationCulture
Cor
pora
te
Lead
ersh
ip (T
op M
anag
emen
t)
Hum
an R
esou
rce
Dat
a, M
atte
r, E
nerg
y et
c
Processes
Delivery Chain
Supply Chain
Management Systems and Processes
Natural Systems and ProcessesEngineered Systems and Processes
The End
Feedback is always welcome and is used to drive continual improvement
for the good of everyone