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Coastal Andhra
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Seema andhra)
Coastal AndhraRegion of Andhra Pradesh
Map of India with Coastal Andhra highlighted in red
Country India
State Andhra Pradesh
Languages
• Official Telugu
Time zone IST (UTC+05:30)
Largest city Visakhapatnam
Coastal Andhra Regions marked in white.
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Evening scenic view in peddipalem village of Visakhapatnam District
Lush green farms in East godavari
Coastal Andhra (Telugu : ) or Kosta, is a region of India's Andhra Pradesh State. This
region was part of Madras State before 1953 and Andhra State from 1953 to 1956. According to
the 2011 census, it has an area of 92,906 square kilometres (35,871 sq mi) which is 33.77% of
total state area and a population of 34,193,868 which is 40.39% of Andhra Pradesh state
population. This area includes the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal, from the northern border with Odisha to south of the delta of the Krishna
River . It is subdivided into two different regions Uttarandhra and Dakshina Coasta Andhra.
Uttarandhra includes the districts of Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam while centralcoasta includes East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna, and dakshina coasta includes Guntur ,
Prakasam and Nellore.
Coastal Andhra has rich agricultural land, owing to the delta of the Godavari and Krishna rivers.
The prosperity of Coastal Andhra can be attributed to its rich agricultural land and an abundant
water supply from these two rivers. Rice grown in paddy fields is the main crop, with pulses and
coconuts also being important. The fishing industry is also important to the region.
Contents
1 History
o 1.1 Buddhist hub
o 1.2 Pilgrimages of Kosta
o 1.3 Places of historical importance
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2 Geography
3 Composition
4 Diversity
5 Demographics
6 Cultural elements
o 6.1 Dance
o 6.2 Individuals who contributed to Telugu literature, arts and cinema
o 6.3 Cuisine
7 List of cities in the region
8 Lakes and wetlands
9 Transportation
10 Image Gallery
11 Politics
12 See also
13 References
14 External links
History
Jain Tirthankara Image at Rockcut Caves of Ghanikonda in Ramatheertham
The state of Andhra emerged to a political power during the reign of Maurya Dynasty.
Megasthenes mentioned that Andhra was a flourishing empire of the Satavahana's from the times before christ. Coastal Andhra was also ruled by the famous Chalukyas in between the period of
the 7th Century and the 10th Century CE. This period was followed by the reign of many other
dynasties such as the Cholas, the Kakatiyas as well as the Vijayanagar Empire.
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Antarvedi temple on the banks of Godavari in Andhra pradesh
According to 11th century inscriptions, Andhra is bounded by Mahendragiri mountains (in north-
eastern border with Gajapati district of Orissa), Kalahasti temple (in Chittoor district near the
border of Nellore district), Srisailam temple (in Kurnool district near the border of Mahbubnagardistrict and Prakasham district). This region represent coastal Andhra region of Andhra Pradesh
state.[1]
Buddhist hub
Gurubhaktulakonda Buddhist Monastery Remnants at Ramatheertham
Chejarla Apsidal Kapoteswara temple in Guntur district
Maha Stupa at Thotlakonda Monastic Complex
Coastal Andhra is one of the major Buddhist hub's in India after the Gangetic plain BuddhistHub of Bihar, Jharkand and Uttar Pradesh. Many Remnants from Large Monasteries to small
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Stupas are found in this region from Srikakulam District in the North to Nellore District in the
South. The major Buddhist Remnant sites[2]
in Coastal Andhra are as follows:
Salihundam in Srikakulam District
Danthavarapukota (Dantapur i[3]
) in Srikakulam District
Ramatheertham in Vizianagaram District
Pavurallakonda in Visakhapatnam District
Thotlakonda in Visakhapatnam District
Bavikonda in Visakhapatnam District
Bojjannakonda (Sankaram) in Visakhapatnam District
Kotturu Dhanadibbalu in Visakhapatnam District
Gopalapatnam in Visakhapatnam District
Kummarilova[4]
(Tuni) in East Godavari District
Kodavali[5]
in East Godavari District
Kapavaram in East Godavari District
Guntupalli in West Godavari District
Pedavegi in West Godavari District
Ghantasala in Krishna District
Gudivada in Krishna District Jaggaiahpet in Krishna District
Amaravati in Guntur District
Bhattiprolu in Guntur District
Anupu in Guntur District
Chandavaram in Prakasam District
Kanuparti in Prakasam District
Ramatheertam in Nellore District
Pilgrimages of Kosta
Rock cut Caves at Guntupalli in West Godavari District
Simhachalam
Indrakeeladri (Vijayawada)
Amaravathi
Dwaraka Tirumala
Penchala Kona
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Draksharamam
Annavaram
Arasavalli
Sri Kurmam
pithapuram
annavaram
Markapuram
Antarvedi
Ramatheertham
Bheemavaram
Palakollu
Mangalagiri
Kotappa Konda
Samalkot
Nellore
Panchadhaarla (Visakhapatnam District)
Sri Mukhalingam
Vadapalli,Atreyapuram mandal
Kolleru Lake at dusk
Boats at Bhimili (Bheemunipatnam) beach in Visakhapatnam District
Places of historical importance
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Kondapalli fort near Vijayawada
West Entrance of the Vizianagaram fort in Andhra Pradesh
Vizianagaram
Tuni
Bobbili
Palnadu
Rajahmundry
Kondapalli
Udayagiri
Kondaveedu
Venkatagiri
Pulicat Lake in Nellore District
Geography
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Coastal Andhra is located to the east of Telangana and Rayalaseema regions bordered by Odisha
to the North and Rayalseema to the south and Telangana to the west.The coastal line of this
region is the second largest in India, extending 960KM.
Composition
Coastal Andhra comprises Circar districts:
Srikakulam
Vizianagaram
Visakapatnam
East Godavari
West Godavari
Krishna
Guntur
The Northern Circars correspond in the main to the Coastal Andhra region of Andhra Pradesh,including the districts of:
Krishna
East Godavari
West Godavari
Visakhapatnam
Vizianagaram
Srikakulam
Prakasam
Guntur
Nellore
The Gajapati and Ganjam districts of Odisha were granted to the French East India Company
around 1752. Later they were transferred by the French to the British.
Nellore, which extends as far as Ongole Taluk, was later received from the Nawab of Arcot,
under an establishment. Some parts of present day Nellore and Chitoor were in the hands ofVenkatagiri Rajas. The British made an arrangement with the Raja of Venkatagiri in 1802 to
claim power in those territories also. At present Coastal Andhra extends from Srikakulam to the
Nellore district, mainly because of geographical proximity.
Diversity
Currently, Coastal Andhra comprises nine districts. Unlike Telangana and Rayalaseema, CoastalAndhra does not have unique cultural and linguistic identities throughout the region. Coastal
Andhra hosts six dialects of Telugu: Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, Godavari, Krishna, Ongole
and Nellore. Parts of this region are ruled by different rulers, leading to diversity within the
region. Coastal Andhra in turn can be divided into Northern Region (Srikakulam, Vizianagaram
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and Visakhapatnam districts), Central Region (East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna and
Guntur districts) and Southern Region (Prakasam and Nellore districts). Food varieties vary from
each sub region.
Demographics
Area: 92,906 km2
Population: 34,193,868 as per the 2011 census
Literacy: 63%
Language: 96% of people speak Telugu
Cultural elements
Dance
Classical dance in Andhra may be performed by both men and women; though women tend tolearn it more commonly. Kuchipudi is the state's best-known classical dance form. It was born inthe Kuchipudi village, of Krishna district, which is in the center of coastal Andhra.
Individuals who contributed to Telugu literature, arts and cinema
Nannayya
Tikkana
Gurajada Apparao
Devulapalli Venkata Krishna Sastri
Tripuraneni Ramaswamy Chowdary
Gurram Jashuva Sri.Gunturu Seshendra Sharma
S. V. Ranga Rao
B.Haranath Raju
Ghantasala (singer)
Pingali Venkayya
Nandamuri Taraka Ramarao
Akkineni Nageswara Rao
Cuisine
Rice is the staple food in the Kosta cuisine and is usually consumed with a variety of curries andlentil soups or broths. Cuisine of Coastal Andhra is influenced by Sea Food varieties. Godavari
and Krishna districts have numerous varieties of foods, which are famous through the state. Food
varieties in some parts of Nellore and Prakasam are influenced by Rayalaseema.
List of cities in the region
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Over view of Vizag city
Rajahmundry Railway station, is and important station on Howrah - Chennai Main Line
Visakhapatnam - Greater Visakhapatnam also termed as the "City of Destiny" is the most
populous city and is the industrial centre of coastal Andhra. It contains the Eastern Naval
Command headquarters, Hindustan shipyard, Dockyards, Vizag Steel Plant, and theHindustan Petroleum refinery. It has a cosmopolitan culture and many educational
institutes, including Andhra University. Vizag, as it is colloquially called, is also a tourist
place of Andhra Pradesh. It is also the city with the highest GDP (as of 2008) of Rs.6698
crores, compared to Rs.5726 crores of Vijayawada,[6] the second richest city of thisregion. Visakhapatnam Port is an important harbour for the region. The district is
endowed with picturesque places, hill stations like Aruku Valley, Borra Caves, Paderu
and Sileru, and beaches like RK, Bhimili, Rishi Konda, Yarada and Kailasagiri Hill
Vijayawada, the second largest city, is situated on the banks of the River Krishna. It is the
cultural, historic, and commercial capital of Andhra Pradesh. It is also one of the major
educational hubs of India and a bustling business trading place. Vijayawada is atransportation hub for both Rail and Road networks connecting south and northIndia.Vijayawada and Guntur regions is more likely to form as SCR (State Capital
Region). Being the city with high potential for commercial and trade activities it lacks in
providing sufficient employment opportunities to its people due to the fact that the land
rates are very high in and around this region and so the governments find it difficult toallot Dedicated Economic Zones in this region and so the multinational and top
companies in India aren't able to set up their organizations even though this region is
available with plenty of skilled manpower,ease of accessibility(It is well connected to allmajor cities of India),power generation capabilities and feasibility to run a company etc..
Greater Guntur is third largest city in the region and a greater municipal corporation and
a major centre of business & learning. It is the heart of the textiles, tobacco, chillies, and
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cotton industries. With a major business of textiles & tobacco, Guntur city lacks in
industrial development.It also has many ancient sites nearby. The upcoming commercial
belt between Guntur & Vijayawada has a great scope of merging the cities into twins.
Rajahmundry,the fifth largest city & it is one of the largest cities in the Andhra Pradesh
and a municipal corporation in the East Godavari district. Located on the banks of the
River Godavari, it is a major business center. It is known as the Cultural Capital ofAndhra Pradesh,[citation needed ]
since it has a rich cultural past.It is also known as theAgricultural Capital of Andhra Pradesh
Kakinada is one of the largest cities in the region and a municipal corporation in East
Godavari district. It is one of the major educational and industrial centre in the CoastalAndhra. This city is the most well planned city in Asia after Chandigarh.
[citation needed ] It is
a serene city which also called a Pensioner's Paradise.[citation needed ]
It is well known for the
recent investments made in the Petrol, chemical and Petrochemical sectors.[citation needed ]
It
is also called Fertilizer City.[citation needed ]
Kakinada is fourth largest City in AndhraPradesh(area wise).
Nellore is a younger city in the region.It is fourth largest city in the region.Nellore is
famous for its production of mica (gudur), lemon (gudur) and agricultural products suchas rice.[citation needed ]
It is also famous for Aqua culture, hence called as Aquaculture capital
of India.[citation needed ]
Ongole is the youngest city in the region. The major production of Ongole is Patty,
Millet, Maize, Greengram, Blackgram, Turmeric, Tobacco, Groundnut, Chillies, Cotton.The major minerals in this region are late stone, granite (Cheemakurthy). It is also
famous for zebu breed of oxen, Hence the breed was named after Ongole as 'Ongolu
Gitta'.
Other major towns in the region are; Kavali, Amalapuram, Bhimavaram, Chirala, Eluru,
Gudivada, Machilipatnam, Narasaraopet, chilakaluripet, Markapur , Narsapuram, Palasa, Srikakulam, Tadepalligudem, Tanuku, Tenali, Bapatla Vizianagaram Tuni, Narsipatnam.
Lakes and wetlands
Andhra Pradesh contains 259 coastal wetlands, covering an area of 18,552 km2.,
[7] out of which
88 are manmade.
Lakes Kolleru and Pulicat are the two major lakes in Coastal Andhra. Kolleru, a natural sweet-
water lake, is situated in the West Godavari district and serves as a natural flood-balancingreservoir for the two rivers. The lake is also an important habitat for up to 50,000 resident and
migratory birds.[citation needed ]
The lake was declared a wildlife sanctuary in November 1999 under
India's Wildlife Protection Act, and designated a wetland of international importance in November 2002 under the international Ramsar Convention. Pulicat is the largest salt water lakein the country, located in Nellore and spreads between Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. This is
one of the famous attractions in south India.[citation needed ]
Part of the Godavari delta of the State is also known as Konaseema, a rich delta region in East
Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh. Konaseema is known for its green coconut orchards, lush
green paddy fields and numerous canals. In this region, the river Akhanda Godavari splits into
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several distributary branches, including the Gouthami, Vasishta, Vainatheya, and Vruddha
Gouthami, before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
Transportation
The East Coast Railway serves Srikakulam, Vizianagaram District, and part ofVisakhapatnam district including Visakhapatnam City. Vijayawada Railway Station is
the one of the busiest railway junctions in India. The 2nd largest Railway station in the
South.[citation needed ]
The airports in the Kosta Area are Visakhapatnam Airport is only International Airport,Vijayawada Airport and Rajahmundry Airport.
Kosta has two of the major ports of India, at Visakhapatnam and Kakinada, and three
minor ports at Krishnapatnam (Nellore), Machilipatnam, and Nizampatnam (Guntur). A
private port has been developed at Gangavaram, near Visakhapatnam. This deep seaportwill accommodate ocean liners of up to 200,000 – 250,000 tons.