Causes of the CW Continued…
KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT
Stephen Douglas calls for POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
(vote) on slavery in the territories
Repealed the Missouri Compromise
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Race for control of Kansas (Abolitionist & Missouri settlers)
Kansas had 2 governments – Free & Slave
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Only 1,500 people in KS…but 6,000 people vote in election
BLEEDING KANSAS
John Brown raided pro-slavery parts of Kansas to raise
abolitionist support
Debate over slavery in territory
War broke out over the debate (1856)
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Pro-slavery raids took place in Lawrence
In 1856, Senator Charles Sumner (Mass.) gave a speech on the “Crime Against Kansas” condemning the South’s desire to expand slavery
Senator Preston Brooks (SC) believed Sumner was insulting his uncle, Senator Andrew Butler
Since Sen. Butler was not present to defend himself, Sen. Brooks (SC) beat Sen. Sumner with his cane while Sumner was seated at his desk
Showed the brutal nature of the debate & Brooks was seen as a hero in South Carolina (it even helped him get reelected)
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SLAVERY – MORAL, SOCIAL, and POLITICAL EVIL
AGAINST THE EXPANSION OF SLAVERY
(1854) Founded to “establish liberty & overthrow the power of slavery”
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The party and its power grew after “Bleeding
Kansas”
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Condemned KS-NE Act & slavery expansion
Called the Republicans
extremists/radicals
Scott sued for his freedom because he had lived on
free soil
1. Blacks (free or slave) cannot bring suit in federal court because they are not citizens
2. The MO Compromise had violated the Constitution & Congress had no right to deprive citizens of private property
3. Congress cannot exclude slavery in territories
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Court’s Opinion:
Court case added to division between
North & South
Decision destroyed all previous compromises
over slavery
Slavery now protected by law & by the Constitution
Increased fear that slavery would be
legalized in the North
Supported by President James Buchanan & it split
the Democratic Party
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Chief Justice Roger TaneyDred Scott
Main topic was slavery
Douglas believed it was a state issue
Lincoln believed it was a moral wrong & a national problem needing a national policy "A house divided against itself cannot
stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the union to be dissolved, I do not expect the house to fall, but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing or all of the other."
Douglas won reelection to the Senate
Lincoln became nationally known as a rising star in the Republican Party
Stephen Douglas’ Senate seat was up for election & Abraham Lincoln was nominated by the Illinois Republicans to challenge
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THE SOUTH WAS PARANOID OF REBELLIONS LIKE THIS HAPPENING AGAIN…NORTH AFRAID/UNCERTAIN
Attacked arsenal @ Harpers Ferry, VA
Hoped to take the town & arm slaves for a revolt
He failed & was hanged as a traitor
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