cslouversPerformance Louver Systems
www.c-sgroup.com
Construction Specialties (Shanghai) Ltd
Tel +(86) 21 6443-9787Fax +(86) 21 6443-9771Email [email protected]
Construction SpecialtiesAustralia Pty Ltd
Tel +(61) 2 8543-4000Fax +(61) 2 9540-5253Email [email protected]
Construction Specialties (Singapore) Pte Ltd
Tel +(65) 6276-4276Fax +(65) 6273-7557Email [email protected]
C/S Construction Specialties(Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Tel +(60) 3 7859-1711Fax +(60) 3 7859-1996Email [email protected]
Conspec International(Hong Kong) Ltd
Tel +(852) 2892-0917Fax +(852) 2892-0956Email [email protected]
Conspec (Thailand) Limited
Tel +(66) 2274-9628Fax +(66) 2274-9630Email [email protected]
As represented locally by:
At time of printing, the information contained in this brochure is correct. C/S reserves the right to make amendments or changes in line with product development.
Recyclable
Qi 09/06
The Water Stops Here621849
Asia Pacific Operations
TM
TM
performance louver systems
contents
performance louver systems performance louver systems performance louver systems performance
Weathering the Weather P 01
Beauty in Innovat ion - C/S Louvers P 03
Performance Louver Range P 05Hor izonta l and vert ica l l ine range
> Model A 4080/5> Model RS-4300> Model RS-4600
Mul l ion l ine (v is ib le mul l ion) range> Model RS-3200> Model RS-5300> Model RS-8400
Archi tectura l l ine (h idden mul l ion) range> Model RS-3105> Model RS-7305a> Model LSM
Form, Accessories & Glossary P 11
12
GlossaryTh i s sec t i on p rov ides a g lossa r y and exp lana t i on o f t e rms common ly app l i ed to pe r fo rmance l ouve rsys tems and the i r des ign :
Aerodynamic Coef f ic ient - de te rmined by ac tua l a i r f l ow tes t ing , th i s un i t l ess va lue rep resents theef fec t i veness o f the louver sys tem to pass a i r f rom one s ide to the o ther. Un l i ke f ree a rea %, i t takesdue account of depth and prof i le shape when subjected to var ious a i r ve loc i t ies , to prov ide an accuratevalue that can be used for a i r f low performance analys is . Values are recorded for both in let and exhaust .Typ ica l va lues fo r pe r fo rmance louvers range f rom 0 .1 to 0 .5 , the h igher number be ing more e f fec t i veat a i r passage .
A.M.C.A. - Based in the Un i ted States the A i r Movement Cont ro l Assoc ia t ion p rov ides a methodo logy,tes t s tanda rd and tes t f ac i l i t i e s f o r t he pe r fo rmance tes t i ng o f l ouve rs sub jec ted to w ind and ra in .They a lso operate a cer t i f i ca ted ra t ings sys tem fo r f in ished p roducts .
Blade Pi tch - B lade p i tch is the d imension , usual ly in mi l l imetres (mm) , a t which the ind iv idual b ladesare spaced wi th in the louver pane l .
B.S.R.I .A. - Based in the UK, Bui ld ing Serv ices Research and Informat ion Associat ion is one of Europe'slead ing independent laborator ies fo r the tes t ing and cer t i f i ca t ion o f bu i ld ing serv ices p roducts .
Core Area - The area of the louver pane l minus the louver f raming and f i x ing f langes i s re fer red to asthe core a rea , and i s genera l l y expressed in square met res (m 2) .
Core Velocity - Once core area is determined, the speed at which a i r passes through th is area is knownas core ve loc i ty and i s genera l l y expressed in met res per second (m/s ) .
F a c e A r e a - T h e c o m p l e t e a r e a o f t h e l o u v e r p a n e l i n c l u d i n g l o u v e r f r a m i n g a n d f i x i n g f l a n g e s i sre fe r red to as the face a rea , and i s genera l l y expressed in square met res (m 2) .
Face Veloci ty - Based on the louvers face a rea , the speed at which a i r approaches th is a rea i s knownas face ve loc i ty and i s genera l l y expressed in met res per second (m/s ) .
Framing Factor - Where to ta l louver a rea i s known but spec i f i c pane l s i zes a re not , a f raming fac to ri s app l ied to make a l lowance fo r the e f fec t o f louver f raming in the a i r f low ca lcu la t ions .
Free Area - The min imum area th rough which a i r can pass i s re fe r red to as the f ree a rea and usua l l yexp ressed as a pe rcen tage o f the to ta l l ouve r s i ze . A l though gene ra l l y used as a ' r u le o f thumb ' fo rlouver s i z ing , i t does not prov ide an accurate assessment of louver per formance, as i t takes no accountfo r the e f fec ts o f pane l depth , conf igurat ion and b lade p ro f i le on a i r f low per fo rmance .
H.E.V.A.C. - Based in the UK, the Heat ing , Vent i la t ion and Ai r Condi t ion ing Manufacturers Assoc iat ionprov ides a methodo logy and tes t s tandard fo r the pe r fo rmance tes t ing o f louvers sub jec t to wind andra in .
Pressure Drop - Based on f low, aerodynamic coef f ic ient and spec i f i c dens i ty o f a i r, the p ressure d ropi s r e s i s t a n c e t o f l o w i n c u r r e d w h e n a i r m o v e s f r o m o n e s i d e o f t h e l o u v e r t o t h e o t h e r. G e n e r a l l yexpressed in pasca ls (Pa ) .
Volumetr ic F low Rate - The spec i f i c f l ow ra te requ i red to pass th rough the l ouve r sys tem ( i n le t o rexhaust ) to p rov ide the cor rect supp ly and exhaust a i r requ i rements to the bu i ld ings mechanica l p lant ,i s re fe r red to as the vo lumet r i c a i r f low and genera l l y expressed in cub ic met res per second (m 3/s ) .
Typical Architectural Line(Hidden Mullion) Louver
Typical Mullion Line(Visible Mullion) Louver
C/S Louvers -Form, Accessories & Glossary
Customised EleganceTo m e e t t h e a e s t h e t i c ( f o r m ) n e e d s o f t h e b u i l d i n g d e s i g n e r, l o u v e r s y s t e m s a r e m a t c h e d t o p r o v i d e a
cons is tent ex te rna l appearance whatever the funct iona l requ i rements .
Archi tectural l ine (h idden mul l ion) sys tems prov ide an un inter rupted louver appearance i r respect ive o f
where suppor t mul l ions and per fo rmance modules a re p laced beh ind the f ront louvers .
M u l l i o n l i n e ( v i s i b l e m u l l i o n ) s y s t e m s p r o v i d e a r e g u l a r v e r t i c a l m u l l i o n a p p e a r a n c e , w h e r e t h i s i s
requ i red to match the bu i ld ing facade .
A l though genera l l y supp l ied in square o r rec tangu la r pane ls , va r ia t ions in the shape o f louver pane ls a re
ava i lab le .
Quality and Performance Beyond ExpectationsThe p r i nc ipa l mate r ia l used i n the manufac tu re o f C /S Louve rs i s a r ch i tec tu ra l
s t a n d a r d h i g h g r a d e a l u m i n i u m , d e s i g n e d t o c a t e r t o b o t h t h e s t r u c t u r a l a n d
f i n i s h i n g r e q u i r e m e n t s o f t h e l o u v e r s y s t e m i t s e l f . U n l i k e o t h e r c o m m e r c i a l l y
ava i lab le louve rs , the comple te sys tem i s manufac tu red f rom ex t ruded sec t ions
to ensu re cons i s ten t s i ze , shape and qua l i t y and fac i l i t a te concea led s ta in less
steel fasteners . The louver panels are assembled us ing purpose-designed gaskets
a n d s e a l s t o e n s u r e w a t e r p r o o f i n g a n d e l i m i n a t e t h e u n c e r t a i n t i e s a s s o c i a t e d
wi th gunned sea lant .
Both mul l ion l ine and performance panels are factory assembled to min imise s i te
handl ing and ensure qua l i ty cont ro l . F ront louvers fo r Arch i tectura l l ine systems
are p rov ided cu t to s i ze fo r c l i pp ing to pu rpose des igned louve r c l i ps p re - f i xed
to the louver mul l ions , fo r qu ick and easy s i te assembly.
Aluminium also provides an ideal substrate for commercial ly avai lable architectural f in ishes, f rom anodiz ing
to polyester powder and polyv iny l idene f luor ide (PVDF) coat ings. Al ternat ively, C/S louvers can be provided
in a range o f a l te rnat ive mater ia ls upon request .
C/S i s acc red i ted to ISO 9001 :2000 in As ia to re in fo rce ou r commi tment to p rov ide qua l i t y sys tems tha t
meet customer expectat ions .
Integrated AccessoriesOptional accessories include birdguard, insect mesh and blanking panels which are un- insulated or insulated
to meet p ro jec t requ i rements . Louver doors and access pane ls can be eas i l y in tegra ted wi th in the louver
pane l des ign .
11
Stringent productionprocess in spray-paintingand detailed touch-upsto ensure high qualitystandards.
louver systems performance louver systems performance louver systems performance louver systems performance louver systems
Weathering the Weather
Strong winds, heavy ra in , h igh humidi ty and
the scorching sun a l l pose a formidable test
to bui ld ing designers in Asia and around the
world. These elements prove a chal lenge not
on ly to good des ign bu t a l so the du rab i l i t y
a n d m a i n t e n a n c e o f b u i l d i n g s a n d t h e
systems that suppor t them.
T h r o u g h e x t e n s i v e r e s e a r c h a n d
d e v e l o p m e n t , e n g i n e e r i n g a n d r e -
engineer ing , C/S has spec i f ica l ly developed
a wide range of performance louver systems
that can withstand harsh weather condit ions
b u t a t t h e s a m e t i m e a l l o w e f f i c i e n t a i r
movement both into and out of bui ldings. For
over 50 years , C/S has shared our exper t ise
wi th des igners a round the wor ld to ach ieve
the op t imum ba lance o f f unc t i on and fo rm
in louver appl icat ion, whi lst recognis ing the
need to operate within project budgets. This
u n i q u e p a r t n e r s h i p h a s a l l o w e d C / S t o
develop performance louver systems capable
o f be ing ove r 20 t imes more e f fec t i ve than
convent ional louvers (up to 100% ef fect ive )
in keep ing ra inwater out o f bu i ld ings .
1
ANG MO KIO MARKET
SINGAPORE
Rain Defence Performance*
Class Effectiveness Max. allowed Penetration Rating(%) of Simulated Rain (l/hr/m2)
A 99 to 100% 0.75 ExcellentB 95 - 98.9% 3.75 GoodC 80 - 94.9% 15 FairD Below 80% More than 15 not applicable
Airflow Airflow Rain Defence AirflowCoefficient
max Class Ratingaverage Rating
0 .434 1 Fa i r Exce l lent0 .320 2 Good Very Good0 .282 3 Exce l lent Good
LouversAppliedRS-3105RS-7305a
mance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance lou
10
these louver products have proven to be effective in areas where we needed both weather protection and ventilation. We are pleased with the performance of C/S,,
,,
Surbana Consultants - Singaporefrom installation to commissioning on our Ang Mo Kio Market project.
From our experience with C/S Louver products supplied and installed,
model RS-3105 model RS-7305a+ model LSM+
Airflow Performance
Class Maximum Airflow RatingCoefficient
1 0.4 and above Excellent2 0.3 to 0.399 Very Good3 0.2 to 0.299 Good4 0.199 and below Fair
Performance Comparison Table
C/S Depth Pitch Blade Visual Blade Visual Impact of Airflow Rate in m3/sModel (mm) (mm) Configuration Orientation Mullions/Jambs 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
Rain Defence Classification*
RS-3105 76 75 Sing le B lade Hor i zonta l H idden Mul l ion C C C C C C C DRS-7305a + 152 75 Dual B lade Hor i zonta l H idden Mul l ion A A A B C C C DLSM + 155 75 Tr ip le B lade Hor i zonta l H idden Mul l ion A A A A A A A A
Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Plan
cslouvers Architectural Line (hidden mullion) Range
Cross Section on Elevation
* Class i f ied in accordance wi th the 5 th Ed i t ion o f the HEVAC Techn ica l Spec i f i cat ion “Laboratory tes t ing and ra t ing o f weather louvers when sub ject to s imulated ra in .”+ Const ruct ion Spec ia l t ies , Inc . cer t i f ies that the louver models shown here in are l i censed to bear the AMCA seal . The rat ings shown are based on tests and procedures
per fo rmed in accordance wi th AMCA pub l i ca t ion 511 and comply wi th requ i rements o f the AMCA cer t i f ied ra t ings p rogram.
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
00.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5 3 3.25 3.52.75
FACE VELOCITY - Metre/Second (m/s)
STA
TIC
PRES
SURE
DRO
P - P
asca
l (Pa
)
rformance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / perform
Typical Pressure Drop Curve
9
C/SModel LS
M
C/S Model RS-7305a
C/S Model RS-3105
Alternative front blade profiles
Bull Nose Design
Flat Nose Design
PITCH
DEPTH
BRACE
BLADE
MULLION
PITCH
DEPTH
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
PITCH
DEPTH
JAMB
FRONTHORIZONTALBLADE
JAMB
REARVERTICALBLADE
JAMB
FRONTHORIZONTALBLADE
JAMB
REARVERTICALBLADE
Experience the performanceand effectiveness of C/S Louvers
T h e ' c o m p l e t e ' d e s i g n o f a n e f f e c t i v e
performance louver system rel ies on achieving
t h e o p t i m u m b a l a n c e o f f u n c t i o n a n d f o r m .
I n t h e c a s e o f p e r f o r m a n c e l o u v e r s , t h e
funct ional components are a i r f low capabi l i ty,
the ab i l i t y to res t r i c t the en t r y o r eg ress o f
c o n t a m i n a n t s e . g . r a i n w a t e r o r n o i s e ,
toge the r w i th the s t ruc tu ra l s tab i l i t y o f the
sys tem. Key fo rm aspects inc lude the ab i l i t y
to shape the l ouve rs t o b lend ha rmon ious l y
wi th the bu i ld ing des ign and the capac i ty o f
the mate r i a l s emp loyed to accep t t he t ypes
of f in ishes requi red. Only when these cr i ter ia
a r e e x p e r t l y m a t c h e d w i t h t h e d e s i g n
requ i rements and p ro jec t budget , i s the best
so lu t ion ach ieved .
Very often, the key design requirement is ra in
de fense o r t he ab i l i t y t o pe rm i t a i r f l ow bu t
rest r i c t o r e l iminate ra inwater f rom enter ing
t h e b u i l d i n g . W h e r e t h e h i g h e s t l e v e l o f
p r o t e c t i o n f r o m r a i n w a t e r e n t r y i s a
p r e r e q u i s i t e o f b u i l d i n g d e s i g n , t e s t i n g t o
i n t e r n a t i o n a l l y r e c o g n i s e d s t a n d a r d s , w i t h
third party accreditat ion, has shown the range
o f f e r e d b y C / S t o b e i n a c l a s s o f i t s o w n .
The fundamenta l pa ramete rs to ach ieve th i s
l e v e l o f p e r f o r m a n c e e x i s t n o t o n l y i n t h e
louver blade profi le and configuration but also
in the con t ro l l ed na tu re by wh ich ra inwate r
i s r e t a i n e d a n d d r a i n e d f r o m t h e l o u v e r
s y s t e m . C a p t u r i n g w a t e r w i t h i n t h e l o u v e r
b lade i s no t enough . Ver t i ca l d ra in channe ls
w i t h i n t h e l o u v e r m u l l i o n s a r e e s s e n t i a l t o
ensure tha t ra inwate r i s no t re in t roduced to
ai r f low but dra ined ef fect ive ly away f rom the
louver pane ls . 2
WIND DRIVEN RAIN
LOUVER HEAD
LOUVER SILL
Desiccatedair enteringthe building
By increasing inletair stream velocityand then turningthe air within thelouvers, rain wateris captured andretained withinthe louversystem
LOUVER HEAD
LOUVER SILL
VERTICAL RAIN CHANNELS
Captured rainwateris channeled to thelouver sill viavertical drainchannels integralto the louvermullions, therebypreventing waterre-entrainment.
LouversAppliedRS-5300
Rain Defence Performance*
Class Effectiveness Max. allowed Penetration Rating(%) of Simulated Rain (l/hr/m2)
A 99 to 100% 0.75 ExcellentB 95 - 98.9% 3.75 GoodC 80 - 94.9% 15 FairD Below 80% More than 15 not applicable
Airflow Airflow Rain Defence AirflowCoefficient
max Class Ratingaverage Rating
0 .333 2 Fa i r Very Good0 .233 3 Good Good0.178 4 Exce l lent Fa i r
mance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance lou
ESPLANADE
THEATRES ON THE BAY
SINGAPORE
8
Flow andPressure Monitors
F l o w a n d p r e s s u r e
moni tors are pos i t ioned
a b o u t t h e l o u v e r p a n e l
under test , to determine
a i r f l o w e f f i c i e n c y a n d
pressure d rop va lues .
Beauty in Innovation - C/S Louvers
ExternalWind Generator
Severe wind cond i t ions
a r e s i m u l a t e d u s i n g
p o w e r f u l f a n s t h a t c a n
generate wind speeds of
up to 45 m/s (100mph) .
Rain SimulatorS p e c i f i c q u a n t i t i e s o f
wate r a re de l i ve red v ia
c a l i b r a t e d n o z z l e s a n d
i n j e c t e d i n t o t h e a i r
s t r e a m r e p l i c a t i n g
r a i n f a l l r a t e s u p t o
150mm (6" ) per hour.
Louver Test PanelT h e l o u v e r p a n e l u n d e r
tes t i s secu red i n p lace
a n d s u b j e c t t o a
continuous bombardment
of s t rong wind and ra in .
1 2 3 4
Tried, Tested and Proven -100% Waterproof Louvers in Asia!Arch i tec ts and bu i ld ing des igne rs i n As ia have found the pe r fec t so lu t ion in ba t t l i ng cha l leng ing weathe rcond i t ions - C/S Pe r fo rmance Louve r Sys tems . Trad i t i ona l ' Z ' sec t ion louve rs o f fe r ve ry l im i ted p ro tec t ionaga ins t the ons laught o f wind d r i ven ra in . The cho ice to ca te r fo r e f fec t ra ther than res t r i c t the cause canoften lead to wasted p lant room space, cost ly p lenum chambers and addi t ional dra inage systems that a l l addup to ex t ra expense . A l though these measures may indeed reduce the r i sk o f ra in ente r ing sens i t i ve a reasof a bu i ld ing , fac t i s , they o f ten cos t more to inc lude than a p roper l y des igned per fo rmance louver sys tem.Let 's face i t ; louvers are requi red anyway so why not ensure you choose maximum protect ion at the bu i ld ingfacade?
From Concept to Actual PerformanceThe deve lopment o f an e f fec t i ve sys tem re l ies on years o f exper ience tha t i s then put to the tes t . The C/Sinves tment , i n wha t i s one o f t he wor ld ' s on l y t es t chambers capab le o f t es t i ng to cu r ren t i n te rna t i ona ls tandards , fac i l i ta tes the cont inuous deve lopment o f sys tems to meet any des igner ' s needs . By s imu la t ingwind d r i ven ra in in ex t remely ha rsh weather cond i t ions , the C/S tes t chamber pu ts pe r fo rmance louvers tothe tes t - wi th t remendous success .
3
21
model RS-3200 model RS-5300+ model RS-8400
Airflow Performance
Class Maximum Airflow RatingCoefficient
1 0.4 and above Excellent2 0.3 to 0.399 Very Good3 0.2 to 0.299 Good4 0.199 and below Fair
Performance Comparison Table
C/S Depth Pitch Blade Visual Blade Visual Impact of Airflow Rate in m3/sModel (mm) (mm) Configuration Orientation Mullions/Jambs 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
Rain Defence Classification*
RS-3200 78 70 Sing le B lade Hor i zonta l Vis ib le Mul l ion B C C C C C C DRS-5300 + 131 70 Dual B lade Hor i zonta l Vis ib le Mul l ion A A A B B A C DRS-8400 204 70 Tr ip le B lade Hor i zonta l Vis ib le Mul l ion A A A A A A B B
Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Elevation
* Class i f ied in accordance wi th the 5 th Ed i t ion o f the HEVAC Techn ica l Spec i f i cat ion “Laboratory tes t ing and ra t ing o f weather louvers when sub ject to s imulated ra in .”+ Const ruct ion Spec ia l t ies , Inc . cer t i f ies that the louver models shown here in are l i censed to bear the AMCA seal . The rat ings shown are based on tests and procedures
per fo rmed in accordance wi th AMCA pub l i ca t ion 511 and comply wi th requ i rements o f the AMCA cer t i f ied ra t ings p rogram.
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
00.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5 3 3.25 3.52.75
FACE VELOCITY - Metre/Second (m/s)
STA
TIC
PRES
SURE
DRO
P - P
asca
l (Pa
)
rformance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / perform
Typical Pressure Drop Curve
7
cslouvers Mullion Line (visible mullion) Range
C/SModel RS-3200
C/SM
odel
RS-5
300
C/S
Mod
elRS
-840
0
PITCH
DEPTH
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
PITCH
DEPTH
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
PITCH
DEPTH
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
Collection ChambersA n y w a t e r t h a t p a s s e s
t h r o u g h t h e l o u v e r i s
col lected and measured
t o d e t e r m i n e t h e
e f f e c t i v e n e s s o f t h e
l o u v e r s y s t e m i n
p r e v e n t i n g r a i n w a t e r
ingress .
Intake FanT h e i n t a k e f a n r e p l i c a t e s
a i r d e m a n d f r o m h a n d l i n g
e q u i p m e n t . T h e
ef fect iveness of a louver at
res i s t ing ra in en t ry may be
d e t e r m i n e d a t v a r i o u s a i r
in take ra tes .
5 6
C/S Louver Test Chamber
Our except iona l louver sys tem is unmatched andunr iva l led in i ts f ie ld - a wor ld-c lass so lut ion fora g lobal problem. That 's exact ly what we want toshare wi th you in th is comprehens ive gu ide .
C/S Louver Test ChamberBui l t in accordance wi th the s t r i c t requ i rements o f the g loba l ly recognised des ign employed by the Bu i ld ingServ ices and Research In fo rmat ion Assoc ia t ion (BSRIA) , C/S has a reg is te red chamber capab le o f tes t ing toboth the cur rent Heat ing , Vent i la t ion and Ai r Condi t ion ing Manufacturers Assoc iat ion (HEVAC) s tandard f romEurope and the A i r Movement and Cont ro l Assoc ia t ion (AMCA) s tandard f rom the US . I n add i t i on to theser igorous test s tandards , o ther severe wind and ra in cond i t ions can be c reated in our tes t fac i l i t y to deve lopcustomised solutions to meet specif ic requirements. Whilst test standards provide a benchmark of performance,only by test ing is actual performance proven. This proof prov ides conf idence in appl icat ion to manufacturers ,des igners and bu i ld ing owners a l i ke .
Imitation Products Do Not PerformWith over 50 years o f exper ience in the des ign o f Louver sys tems , we be l ieve tha t exper t i se i s imposs ib leto imi ta te . The outcome of our ex tens ive s tudy, research and deve lopment on louvers , was the in t roduct iono f t h e i n d u s t r y ' s f i r s t t r u l y r e v o l u t i o n a r y S t o r m R e s i s t a n t L o u v e r s i n t h e e a r l y 1 9 9 0 s . S i n c e t h e n , t h e s esys tems and the i r successo rs have se t the indus t r y s tandard . I t i s on l y by t ru l y unders tand ing the sys temrequ i rements th rough consu l ta t ion wi th bu i ld ing des igners and then exper t l y match ing th i s by ca l cu la t ionand ver i f ied tes t resu l ts , can the cor rec t sys tem se lec t ion be p roposed .
Meeting Our Customers' NeedsWith the c r i t i ca l knowledge and cut t ing-edge fac i l i t ies ava i lab le to us a long wi th inva luab le feedback f romour cus tomers , we have been ab le to deve lop a range o f pe r fo rmance louve r mode ls spec i f i ca l l y su i ted tothe needs o f bu i ld ing des igners in As ia . These n ine mode ls a re represented in th is ca ta log . In fo rmat ion ono the r C/S louve r mode ls can be found in ou r genera l ca ta log wh ich p rov ides de ta i l s on the wide range o fnon-dra inab le , a i r cond i t ion ing , acoust ic and operat ing louvers ava i lab le .
4
6543
AMCA TestingA n A M C A S t a n d a r d 5 0 0 w a t e r
penet ra t ion tes t fac i l i t y can be
created by remov ing Sect ions 1
a n d 2 o f t h i s t e s t c h a m b e r,
a l though the l a tes t AMCA tes t
s t a n d a r d ( A M C A 5 0 0 - L - 9 9 )
requ i res the to ta l r ig setup .
BSRIA TestingThe r ig conforms in fu l l to
t h e l a t e s t H E VA C t e s t i n g
s t a n d a r d s . C / S h a s a
w e a t h e r l o u v e r t e s t
f a c i l i t y a c c r e d i t a t i o n
l i c e n s e a g r e e m e n t d i r e c t
wi th BSRIA.
World-Class Testing Standards
model A4080/5 model RS-4300 model RS-4600LouversAppliedLSM
Airflow Performance
Class Maximum Airflow RatingCoefficient
1 0.4 and above Excellent2 0.3 to 0.399 Very Good3 0.2 to 0.299 Good4 0.199 and below Fair
Rain Defence Performance*
Class Effectiveness Max. allowed Penetration Rating(%) of Simulated Rain (l/hr/m2)
A 99 to 100% 0.75 ExcellentB 95 - 98.9% 3.75 GoodC 80 - 94.9% 15 FairD Below 80% More than 15 not applicable
* Class i f ied in accordance wi th the 5 th Ed i t ion o f the HEVAC Techn ica l Spec i f i cat ion “Laboratory tes t ing and ra t ing o f weather louvers when sub ject to s imulated ra in .”+ Const ruct ion Spec ia l t ies , Inc . cer t i f ies that the louver models shown here in are l i censed to bear the AMCA seal . The rat ings shown are based on tests and procedures
per fo rmed in accordance wi th AMCA pub l i ca t ion 511 and comply wi th requ i rements o f the AMCA cer t i f ied ra t ings p rogram.
Performance Comparison Table
C/S Depth Pitch Blade Visual Blade Visual Impact of Airflow Rate in m3/s Airflow Airflow Rain Defence AirflowModel (mm) (mm) Configuration Orientation Mullions/Jambs 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Coefficient
max Class Ratingaverage RatingRain Defence Classification*
A4080/5 102 102 Sing le B lade Hor i zonta l H idden o r Vis ib le C C C C C D D D 0.390 2 NA Very GoodRS-4300 102 54 Dual B lade Hor i zonta l Vis ib le Mul l ion A A B B C C D D 0.256 3 Good GoodRS-4600 102 75 Dual B lade Ver t i ca l H idden o r Vis ib le A A A A A A A B 0.162 4 Exce l lent Fa i r
Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Plan
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
00.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5 3 3.25 3.52.75
FACE VELOCITY - Metre/Second (m/s)
STA
TIC
PRES
SURE
DRO
P - P
asca
l (Pa
)
rformance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance lou
LANDMARK
HONG KONG
Typical Pressure Drop Curve
65
PITCH
DEPTH
cslouvers Horizontal and Vertical Line Range
C/S
Mod
elRS
-460
0
C/SModel RS-43
00
C/S Model 4085
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
PITCH
DEPTH
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
PITCH
DEPTH
JAMB
BLADE
JAMB
model A4080/5 model RS-4300 model RS-4600LouversAppliedLSM
Airflow Performance
Class Maximum Airflow RatingCoefficient
1 0.4 and above Excellent2 0.3 to 0.399 Very Good3 0.2 to 0.299 Good4 0.199 and below Fair
Rain Defence Performance*
Class Effectiveness Max. allowed Penetration Rating(%) of Simulated Rain (l/hr/m2)
A 99 to 100% 0.75 ExcellentB 95 - 98.9% 3.75 GoodC 80 - 94.9% 15 FairD Below 80% More than 15 not applicable
* Class i f ied in accordance wi th the 5 th Ed i t ion o f the HEVAC Techn ica l Spec i f i cat ion “Laboratory tes t ing and ra t ing o f weather louvers when sub ject to s imulated ra in .”+ Const ruct ion Spec ia l t ies , Inc . cer t i f ies that the louver models shown here in are l i censed to bear the AMCA seal . The rat ings shown are based on tests and procedures
per fo rmed in accordance wi th AMCA pub l i ca t ion 511 and comply wi th requ i rements o f the AMCA cer t i f ied ra t ings p rogram.
Performance Comparison Table
C/S Depth Pitch Blade Visual Blade Visual Impact of Airflow Rate in m3/s Airflow Airflow Rain Defence AirflowModel (mm) (mm) Configuration Orientation Mullions/Jambs 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Coefficient
max Class Ratingaverage RatingRain Defence Classification*
A4080/5 102 102 Sing le B lade Hor i zonta l H idden o r Vis ib le C C C C C D D D 0.390 2 NA Very GoodRS-4300 102 54 Dual B lade Hor i zonta l Vis ib le Mul l ion A A B B C C D D 0.256 3 Good GoodRS-4600 102 75 Dual B lade Ver t i ca l H idden o r Vis ib le A A A A A A A B 0.162 4 Exce l lent Fa i r
Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Plan
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
00.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5 3 3.25 3.52.75
FACE VELOCITY - Metre/Second (m/s)
STA
TIC
PRES
SURE
DRO
P - P
asca
l (Pa
)
rformance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance lou
LANDMARK
HONG KONG
Typical Pressure Drop Curve
65
PITCH
DEPTH
cslouvers Horizontal and Vertical Line Range
C/S
Mod
elRS
-460
0
C/SModel RS-43
00
C/S Model 4085
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
PITCH
DEPTH
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
PITCH
DEPTH
JAMB
BLADE
JAMB
model RS-3200 model RS-5300+ model RS-8400
Airflow Performance
Class Maximum Airflow RatingCoefficient
1 0.4 and above Excellent2 0.3 to 0.399 Very Good3 0.2 to 0.299 Good4 0.199 and below Fair
Performance Comparison Table
C/S Depth Pitch Blade Visual Blade Visual Impact of Airflow Rate in m3/sModel (mm) (mm) Configuration Orientation Mullions/Jambs 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
Rain Defence Classification*
RS-3200 78 70 Sing le B lade Hor i zonta l Vis ib le Mul l ion B C C C C C C DRS-5300 + 131 70 Dual B lade Hor i zonta l Vis ib le Mul l ion A A A B B A C DRS-8400 204 70 Tr ip le B lade Hor i zonta l Vis ib le Mul l ion A A A A A A B B
Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Elevation
* Class i f ied in accordance wi th the 5 th Ed i t ion o f the HEVAC Techn ica l Spec i f i cat ion “Laboratory tes t ing and ra t ing o f weather louvers when sub ject to s imulated ra in .”+ Const ruct ion Spec ia l t ies , Inc . cer t i f ies that the louver models shown here in are l i censed to bear the AMCA seal . The rat ings shown are based on tests and procedures
per fo rmed in accordance wi th AMCA pub l i ca t ion 511 and comply wi th requ i rements o f the AMCA cer t i f ied ra t ings p rogram.
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
00.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5 3 3.25 3.52.75
FACE VELOCITY - Metre/Second (m/s)
STA
TIC
PRES
SURE
DRO
P - P
asca
l (Pa
)
rformance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / perform
Typical Pressure Drop Curve
7
cslouvers Mullion Line (visible mullion) Range
C/SModel RS-3200
C/SM
odel
RS-5
300
C/S
Mod
elRS
-840
0
PITCH
DEPTH
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
PITCH
DEPTH
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
PITCH
DEPTH
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
Collection ChambersA n y w a t e r t h a t p a s s e s
t h r o u g h t h e l o u v e r i s
col lected and measured
t o d e t e r m i n e t h e
e f f e c t i v e n e s s o f t h e
l o u v e r s y s t e m i n
p r e v e n t i n g r a i n w a t e r
ingress .
Intake FanT h e i n t a k e f a n r e p l i c a t e s
a i r d e m a n d f r o m h a n d l i n g
e q u i p m e n t . T h e
ef fect iveness of a louver at
res i s t ing ra in en t ry may be
d e t e r m i n e d a t v a r i o u s a i r
in take ra tes .
5 6
C/S Louver Test Chamber
Our except iona l louver sys tem is unmatched andunr iva l led in i ts f ie ld - a wor ld-c lass so lut ion fora g lobal problem. That 's exact ly what we want toshare wi th you in th is comprehens ive gu ide .
C/S Louver Test ChamberBui l t in accordance wi th the s t r i c t requ i rements o f the g loba l ly recognised des ign employed by the Bu i ld ingServ ices and Research In fo rmat ion Assoc ia t ion (BSRIA) , C/S has a reg is te red chamber capab le o f tes t ing toboth the cur rent Heat ing , Vent i la t ion and Ai r Condi t ion ing Manufacturers Assoc iat ion (HEVAC) s tandard f romEurope and the A i r Movement and Cont ro l Assoc ia t ion (AMCA) s tandard f rom the US . I n add i t i on to theser igorous test s tandards , o ther severe wind and ra in cond i t ions can be c reated in our tes t fac i l i t y to deve lopcustomised solutions to meet specif ic requirements. Whilst test standards provide a benchmark of performance,only by test ing is actual performance proven. This proof prov ides conf idence in appl icat ion to manufacturers ,des igners and bu i ld ing owners a l i ke .
Imitation Products Do Not PerformWith over 50 years o f exper ience in the des ign o f Louver sys tems , we be l ieve tha t exper t i se i s imposs ib leto imi ta te . The outcome of our ex tens ive s tudy, research and deve lopment on louvers , was the in t roduct iono f t h e i n d u s t r y ' s f i r s t t r u l y r e v o l u t i o n a r y S t o r m R e s i s t a n t L o u v e r s i n t h e e a r l y 1 9 9 0 s . S i n c e t h e n , t h e s esys tems and the i r successo rs have se t the indus t r y s tandard . I t i s on l y by t ru l y unders tand ing the sys temrequ i rements th rough consu l ta t ion wi th bu i ld ing des igners and then exper t l y match ing th i s by ca l cu la t ionand ver i f ied tes t resu l ts , can the cor rec t sys tem se lec t ion be p roposed .
Meeting Our Customers' NeedsWith the c r i t i ca l knowledge and cut t ing-edge fac i l i t ies ava i lab le to us a long wi th inva luab le feedback f romour cus tomers , we have been ab le to deve lop a range o f pe r fo rmance louve r mode ls spec i f i ca l l y su i ted tothe needs o f bu i ld ing des igners in As ia . These n ine mode ls a re represented in th is ca ta log . In fo rmat ion ono the r C/S louve r mode ls can be found in ou r genera l ca ta log wh ich p rov ides de ta i l s on the wide range o fnon-dra inab le , a i r cond i t ion ing , acoust ic and operat ing louvers ava i lab le .
4
6543
AMCA TestingA n A M C A S t a n d a r d 5 0 0 w a t e r
penet ra t ion tes t fac i l i t y can be
created by remov ing Sect ions 1
a n d 2 o f t h i s t e s t c h a m b e r,
a l though the l a tes t AMCA tes t
s t a n d a r d ( A M C A 5 0 0 - L - 9 9 )
requ i res the to ta l r ig setup .
BSRIA TestingThe r ig conforms in fu l l to
t h e l a t e s t H E VA C t e s t i n g
s t a n d a r d s . C / S h a s a
w e a t h e r l o u v e r t e s t
f a c i l i t y a c c r e d i t a t i o n
l i c e n s e a g r e e m e n t d i r e c t
wi th BSRIA.
World-Class Testing Standards
LouversAppliedRS-5300
Rain Defence Performance*
Class Effectiveness Max. allowed Penetration Rating(%) of Simulated Rain (l/hr/m2)
A 99 to 100% 0.75 ExcellentB 95 - 98.9% 3.75 GoodC 80 - 94.9% 15 FairD Below 80% More than 15 not applicable
Airflow Airflow Rain Defence AirflowCoefficient
max Class Ratingaverage Rating
0 .333 2 Fa i r Very Good0 .233 3 Good Good0.178 4 Exce l lent Fa i r
mance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance lou
ESPLANADE
THEATRES ON THE BAY
SINGAPORE
8
Flow andPressure Monitors
F l o w a n d p r e s s u r e
moni tors are pos i t ioned
a b o u t t h e l o u v e r p a n e l
under test , to determine
a i r f l o w e f f i c i e n c y a n d
pressure d rop va lues .
Beauty in Innovation - C/S Louvers
ExternalWind Generator
Severe wind cond i t ions
a r e s i m u l a t e d u s i n g
p o w e r f u l f a n s t h a t c a n
generate wind speeds of
up to 45 m/s (100mph) .
Rain SimulatorS p e c i f i c q u a n t i t i e s o f
wate r a re de l i ve red v ia
c a l i b r a t e d n o z z l e s a n d
i n j e c t e d i n t o t h e a i r
s t r e a m r e p l i c a t i n g
r a i n f a l l r a t e s u p t o
150mm (6" ) per hour.
Louver Test PanelT h e l o u v e r p a n e l u n d e r
tes t i s secu red i n p lace
a n d s u b j e c t t o a
continuous bombardment
of s t rong wind and ra in .
1 2 3 4
Tried, Tested and Proven -100% Waterproof Louvers in Asia!Arch i tec ts and bu i ld ing des igne rs i n As ia have found the pe r fec t so lu t ion in ba t t l i ng cha l leng ing weathe rcond i t ions - C/S Pe r fo rmance Louve r Sys tems . Trad i t i ona l ' Z ' sec t ion louve rs o f fe r ve ry l im i ted p ro tec t ionaga ins t the ons laught o f wind d r i ven ra in . The cho ice to ca te r fo r e f fec t ra ther than res t r i c t the cause canoften lead to wasted p lant room space, cost ly p lenum chambers and addi t ional dra inage systems that a l l addup to ex t ra expense . A l though these measures may indeed reduce the r i sk o f ra in ente r ing sens i t i ve a reasof a bu i ld ing , fac t i s , they o f ten cos t more to inc lude than a p roper l y des igned per fo rmance louver sys tem.Let 's face i t ; louvers are requi red anyway so why not ensure you choose maximum protect ion at the bu i ld ingfacade?
From Concept to Actual PerformanceThe deve lopment o f an e f fec t i ve sys tem re l ies on years o f exper ience tha t i s then put to the tes t . The C/Sinves tment , i n wha t i s one o f t he wor ld ' s on l y t es t chambers capab le o f t es t i ng to cu r ren t i n te rna t i ona ls tandards , fac i l i ta tes the cont inuous deve lopment o f sys tems to meet any des igner ' s needs . By s imu la t ingwind d r i ven ra in in ex t remely ha rsh weather cond i t ions , the C/S tes t chamber pu ts pe r fo rmance louvers tothe tes t - wi th t remendous success .
3
21
model RS-3105 model RS-7305a+ model LSM+
Airflow Performance
Class Maximum Airflow RatingCoefficient
1 0.4 and above Excellent2 0.3 to 0.399 Very Good3 0.2 to 0.299 Good4 0.199 and below Fair
Performance Comparison Table
C/S Depth Pitch Blade Visual Blade Visual Impact of Airflow Rate in m3/sModel (mm) (mm) Configuration Orientation Mullions/Jambs 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
Rain Defence Classification*
RS-3105 76 75 Sing le B lade Hor i zonta l H idden Mul l ion C C C C C C C DRS-7305a + 152 75 Dual B lade Hor i zonta l H idden Mul l ion A A A B C C C DLSM + 155 75 Tr ip le B lade Hor i zonta l H idden Mul l ion A A A A A A A A
Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Elevation Cross Section on Plan
cslouvers Architectural Line (hidden mullion) Range
Cross Section on Elevation
* Class i f ied in accordance wi th the 5 th Ed i t ion o f the HEVAC Techn ica l Spec i f i cat ion “Laboratory tes t ing and ra t ing o f weather louvers when sub ject to s imulated ra in .”+ Const ruct ion Spec ia l t ies , Inc . cer t i f ies that the louver models shown here in are l i censed to bear the AMCA seal . The rat ings shown are based on tests and procedures
per fo rmed in accordance wi th AMCA pub l i ca t ion 511 and comply wi th requ i rements o f the AMCA cer t i f ied ra t ings p rogram.
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
00.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5 3 3.25 3.52.75
FACE VELOCITY - Metre/Second (m/s)
STA
TIC
PRES
SURE
DRO
P - P
asca
l (Pa
)
rformance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / perform
Typical Pressure Drop Curve
9
C/SModel LS
M
C/S Model RS-7305a
C/S Model RS-3105
Alternative front blade profiles
Bull Nose Design
Flat Nose Design
PITCH
DEPTH
BRACE
BLADE
MULLION
PITCH
DEPTH
HEAD
BLADE
SILL
PITCH
DEPTH
JAMB
FRONTHORIZONTALBLADE
JAMB
REARVERTICALBLADE
JAMB
FRONTHORIZONTALBLADE
JAMB
REARVERTICALBLADE
Experience the performanceand effectiveness of C/S Louvers
T h e ' c o m p l e t e ' d e s i g n o f a n e f f e c t i v e
performance louver system rel ies on achieving
t h e o p t i m u m b a l a n c e o f f u n c t i o n a n d f o r m .
I n t h e c a s e o f p e r f o r m a n c e l o u v e r s , t h e
funct ional components are a i r f low capabi l i ty,
the ab i l i t y to res t r i c t the en t r y o r eg ress o f
c o n t a m i n a n t s e . g . r a i n w a t e r o r n o i s e ,
toge the r w i th the s t ruc tu ra l s tab i l i t y o f the
sys tem. Key fo rm aspects inc lude the ab i l i t y
to shape the l ouve rs t o b lend ha rmon ious l y
wi th the bu i ld ing des ign and the capac i ty o f
the mate r i a l s emp loyed to accep t t he t ypes
of f in ishes requi red. Only when these cr i ter ia
a r e e x p e r t l y m a t c h e d w i t h t h e d e s i g n
requ i rements and p ro jec t budget , i s the best
so lu t ion ach ieved .
Very often, the key design requirement is ra in
de fense o r t he ab i l i t y t o pe rm i t a i r f l ow bu t
rest r i c t o r e l iminate ra inwater f rom enter ing
t h e b u i l d i n g . W h e r e t h e h i g h e s t l e v e l o f
p r o t e c t i o n f r o m r a i n w a t e r e n t r y i s a
p r e r e q u i s i t e o f b u i l d i n g d e s i g n , t e s t i n g t o
i n t e r n a t i o n a l l y r e c o g n i s e d s t a n d a r d s , w i t h
third party accreditat ion, has shown the range
o f f e r e d b y C / S t o b e i n a c l a s s o f i t s o w n .
The fundamenta l pa ramete rs to ach ieve th i s
l e v e l o f p e r f o r m a n c e e x i s t n o t o n l y i n t h e
louver blade profi le and configuration but also
in the con t ro l l ed na tu re by wh ich ra inwate r
i s r e t a i n e d a n d d r a i n e d f r o m t h e l o u v e r
s y s t e m . C a p t u r i n g w a t e r w i t h i n t h e l o u v e r
b lade i s no t enough . Ver t i ca l d ra in channe ls
w i t h i n t h e l o u v e r m u l l i o n s a r e e s s e n t i a l t o
ensure tha t ra inwate r i s no t re in t roduced to
ai r f low but dra ined ef fect ive ly away f rom the
louver pane ls . 2
WIND DRIVEN RAIN
LOUVER HEAD
LOUVER SILL
Desiccatedair enteringthe building
By increasing inletair stream velocityand then turningthe air within thelouvers, rain wateris captured andretained withinthe louversystem
LOUVER HEAD
LOUVER SILL
VERTICAL RAIN CHANNELS
Captured rainwateris channeled to thelouver sill viavertical drainchannels integralto the louvermullions, therebypreventing waterre-entrainment.
Weathering the Weather
Strong winds, heavy ra in , h igh humidi ty and
the scorching sun a l l pose a formidable test
to bui ld ing designers in Asia and around the
world. These elements prove a chal lenge not
on ly to good des ign bu t a l so the du rab i l i t y
a n d m a i n t e n a n c e o f b u i l d i n g s a n d t h e
systems that suppor t them.
T h r o u g h e x t e n s i v e r e s e a r c h a n d
d e v e l o p m e n t , e n g i n e e r i n g a n d r e -
engineer ing , C/S has spec i f ica l ly developed
a wide range of performance louver systems
that can withstand harsh weather condit ions
b u t a t t h e s a m e t i m e a l l o w e f f i c i e n t a i r
movement both into and out of bui ldings. For
over 50 years , C/S has shared our exper t ise
wi th des igners a round the wor ld to ach ieve
the op t imum ba lance o f f unc t i on and fo rm
in louver appl icat ion, whi lst recognis ing the
need to operate within project budgets. This
u n i q u e p a r t n e r s h i p h a s a l l o w e d C / S t o
develop performance louver systems capable
o f be ing ove r 20 t imes more e f fec t i ve than
convent ional louvers (up to 100% ef fect ive )
in keep ing ra inwater out o f bu i ld ings .
1
ANG MO KIO MARKET
SINGAPORE
Rain Defence Performance*
Class Effectiveness Max. allowed Penetration Rating(%) of Simulated Rain (l/hr/m2)
A 99 to 100% 0.75 ExcellentB 95 - 98.9% 3.75 GoodC 80 - 94.9% 15 FairD Below 80% More than 15 not applicable
Airflow Airflow Rain Defence AirflowCoefficient
max Class Ratingaverage Rating
0 .434 1 Fa i r Exce l lent0 .320 2 Good Very Good0 .282 3 Exce l lent Good
LouversAppliedRS-3105RS-7305a
mance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance louver systems / performance lou
10
these louver products have proven to be effective in areas where we needed both weather protection and ventilation. We are pleased with the performance of C/S,,
,,
Surbana Consultants - Singaporefrom installation to commissioning on our Ang Mo Kio Market project.
From our experience with C/S Louver products supplied and installed,
C/S Louvers -Form, Accessories & Glossary
Customised EleganceTo m e e t t h e a e s t h e t i c ( f o r m ) n e e d s o f t h e b u i l d i n g d e s i g n e r, l o u v e r s y s t e m s a r e m a t c h e d t o p r o v i d e a
cons is tent ex te rna l appearance whatever the funct iona l requ i rements .
Archi tectural l ine (h idden mul l ion) sys tems prov ide an un inter rupted louver appearance i r respect ive o f
where suppor t mul l ions and per fo rmance modules a re p laced beh ind the f ront louvers .
M u l l i o n l i n e ( v i s i b l e m u l l i o n ) s y s t e m s p r o v i d e a r e g u l a r v e r t i c a l m u l l i o n a p p e a r a n c e , w h e r e t h i s i s
requ i red to match the bu i ld ing facade .
A l though genera l l y supp l ied in square o r rec tangu la r pane ls , va r ia t ions in the shape o f louver pane ls a re
ava i lab le .
Quality and Performance Beyond ExpectationsThe p r i nc ipa l mate r ia l used i n the manufac tu re o f C /S Louve rs i s a r ch i tec tu ra l
s t a n d a r d h i g h g r a d e a l u m i n i u m , d e s i g n e d t o c a t e r t o b o t h t h e s t r u c t u r a l a n d
f i n i s h i n g r e q u i r e m e n t s o f t h e l o u v e r s y s t e m i t s e l f . U n l i k e o t h e r c o m m e r c i a l l y
ava i lab le louve rs , the comple te sys tem i s manufac tu red f rom ex t ruded sec t ions
to ensu re cons i s ten t s i ze , shape and qua l i t y and fac i l i t a te concea led s ta in less
steel fasteners . The louver panels are assembled us ing purpose-designed gaskets
a n d s e a l s t o e n s u r e w a t e r p r o o f i n g a n d e l i m i n a t e t h e u n c e r t a i n t i e s a s s o c i a t e d
wi th gunned sea lant .
Both mul l ion l ine and performance panels are factory assembled to min imise s i te
handl ing and ensure qua l i ty cont ro l . F ront louvers fo r Arch i tectura l l ine systems
are p rov ided cu t to s i ze fo r c l i pp ing to pu rpose des igned louve r c l i ps p re - f i xed
to the louver mul l ions , fo r qu ick and easy s i te assembly.
Aluminium also provides an ideal substrate for commercial ly avai lable architectural f in ishes, f rom anodiz ing
to polyester powder and polyv iny l idene f luor ide (PVDF) coat ings. Al ternat ively, C/S louvers can be provided
in a range o f a l te rnat ive mater ia ls upon request .
C/S i s acc red i ted to ISO 9001 :2000 in As ia to re in fo rce ou r commi tment to p rov ide qua l i t y sys tems tha t
meet customer expectat ions .
Integrated AccessoriesOptional accessories include birdguard, insect mesh and blanking panels which are un- insulated or insulated
to meet p ro jec t requ i rements . Louver doors and access pane ls can be eas i l y in tegra ted wi th in the louver
pane l des ign .
11
Stringent productionprocess in spray-paintingand detailed touch-upsto ensure high qualitystandards.
louver systems performance louver systems performance louver systems performance louver systems performance louver systems
performance louver systems
contents
performance louver systems performance louver systems performance louver systems performance
Weathering the Weather P 01
Beauty in Innovat ion - C/S Louvers P 03
Performance Louver Range P 05Hor izonta l and vert ica l l ine range
> Model A 4080/5> Model RS-4300> Model RS-4600
Mul l ion l ine (v is ib le mul l ion) range> Model RS-3200> Model RS-5300> Model RS-8400
Archi tectura l l ine (h idden mul l ion) range> Model RS-3105> Model RS-7305a> Model LSM
Form, Accessories & Glossary P 11
12
GlossaryTh i s sec t i on p rov ides a g lossa r y and exp lana t i on o f t e rms common ly app l i ed to pe r fo rmance l ouve rsys tems and the i r des ign :
Aerodynamic Coef f ic ient - de te rmined by ac tua l a i r f l ow tes t ing , th i s un i t l ess va lue rep resents theef fec t i veness o f the louver sys tem to pass a i r f rom one s ide to the o ther. Un l i ke f ree a rea %, i t takesdue account of depth and prof i le shape when subjected to var ious a i r ve loc i t ies , to prov ide an accuratevalue that can be used for a i r f low performance analys is . Values are recorded for both in let and exhaust .Typ ica l va lues fo r pe r fo rmance louvers range f rom 0 .1 to 0 .5 , the h igher number be ing more e f fec t i veat a i r passage .
A.M.C.A. - Based in the Un i ted States the A i r Movement Cont ro l Assoc ia t ion p rov ides a methodo logy,tes t s tanda rd and tes t f ac i l i t i e s f o r t he pe r fo rmance tes t i ng o f l ouve rs sub jec ted to w ind and ra in .They a lso operate a cer t i f i ca ted ra t ings sys tem fo r f in ished p roducts .
Blade Pi tch - B lade p i tch is the d imension , usual ly in mi l l imetres (mm) , a t which the ind iv idual b ladesare spaced wi th in the louver pane l .
B.S.R.I .A. - Based in the UK, Bui ld ing Serv ices Research and Informat ion Associat ion is one of Europe'slead ing independent laborator ies fo r the tes t ing and cer t i f i ca t ion o f bu i ld ing serv ices p roducts .
Core Area - The area of the louver pane l minus the louver f raming and f i x ing f langes i s re fer red to asthe core a rea , and i s genera l l y expressed in square met res (m 2) .
Core Velocity - Once core area is determined, the speed at which a i r passes through th is area is knownas core ve loc i ty and i s genera l l y expressed in met res per second (m/s ) .
F a c e A r e a - T h e c o m p l e t e a r e a o f t h e l o u v e r p a n e l i n c l u d i n g l o u v e r f r a m i n g a n d f i x i n g f l a n g e s i sre fe r red to as the face a rea , and i s genera l l y expressed in square met res (m 2) .
Face Veloci ty - Based on the louvers face a rea , the speed at which a i r approaches th is a rea i s knownas face ve loc i ty and i s genera l l y expressed in met res per second (m/s ) .
Framing Factor - Where to ta l louver a rea i s known but spec i f i c pane l s i zes a re not , a f raming fac to ri s app l ied to make a l lowance fo r the e f fec t o f louver f raming in the a i r f low ca lcu la t ions .
Free Area - The min imum area th rough which a i r can pass i s re fe r red to as the f ree a rea and usua l l yexp ressed as a pe rcen tage o f the to ta l l ouve r s i ze . A l though gene ra l l y used as a ' r u le o f thumb ' fo rlouver s i z ing , i t does not prov ide an accurate assessment of louver per formance, as i t takes no accountfo r the e f fec ts o f pane l depth , conf igurat ion and b lade p ro f i le on a i r f low per fo rmance .
H.E.V.A.C. - Based in the UK, the Heat ing , Vent i la t ion and Ai r Condi t ion ing Manufacturers Assoc iat ionprov ides a methodo logy and tes t s tandard fo r the pe r fo rmance tes t ing o f louvers sub jec t to wind andra in .
Pressure Drop - Based on f low, aerodynamic coef f ic ient and spec i f i c dens i ty o f a i r, the p ressure d ropi s r e s i s t a n c e t o f l o w i n c u r r e d w h e n a i r m o v e s f r o m o n e s i d e o f t h e l o u v e r t o t h e o t h e r. G e n e r a l l yexpressed in pasca ls (Pa ) .
Volumetr ic F low Rate - The spec i f i c f l ow ra te requ i red to pass th rough the l ouve r sys tem ( i n le t o rexhaust ) to p rov ide the cor rect supp ly and exhaust a i r requ i rements to the bu i ld ings mechanica l p lant ,i s re fe r red to as the vo lumet r i c a i r f low and genera l l y expressed in cub ic met res per second (m 3/s ) .
Typical Architectural Line(Hidden Mullion) Louver
Typical Mullion Line(Visible Mullion) Louver
cslouversPerformance Louver Systems
www.c-sgroup.com
Construction Specialties (Shanghai) Ltd
Tel +(86) 21 6443-9787Fax +(86) 21 6443-9771Email [email protected]
Construction SpecialtiesAustralia Pty Ltd
Tel +(61) 2 8543-4000Fax +(61) 2 9540-5253Email [email protected]
Construction Specialties (Singapore) Pte Ltd
Tel +(65) 6276-4276Fax +(65) 6273-7557Email [email protected]
C/S Construction Specialties(Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Tel +(60) 3 7859-1711Fax +(60) 3 7859-1996Email [email protected]
Conspec International(Hong Kong) Ltd
Tel +(852) 2892-0917Fax +(852) 2892-0956Email [email protected]
Conspec (Thailand) Limited
Tel +(66) 2274-9628Fax +(66) 2274-9630Email [email protected]
As represented locally by:
At time of printing, the information contained in this brochure is correct. C/S reserves the right to make amendments or changes in line with product development.
Recyclable
Qi 09/06
The Water Stops Here621849
Asia Pacific Operations
TM
TM