x1
y2
x4
✃ 3 ✁ 3
✃
3
✃
3
Sin
ce
th
e e
arlie
st
tim
es
pe
op
le h
av
e
giv
en
na
me
s t
o t
he
co
ns
te
llat
ion
s –
mo
st
ly o
f an
ima
ls o
r of g
od
s – a
nd
b
uilt
leg
en
ds
aro
un
d t
he
m.
Fo
r ex
am
ple
, th
e c
on
st
ella
tio
n w
e
kn
ow
to
da
y a
s O
rion
wa
s g
ive
n t
his
n
am
e b
y t
he
an
cie
nt
Gre
ek
s . M
an
y
my
th
s t
ell a
bo
ut
Orio
n, a
h
an
ds
om
e d
em
igo
d.
An
cie
nt
Ch
ine
se
as
tro
no
me
rs kn
ew
O
rion
as
Sh
en
, a g
rea
t h
un
te
r or
wa
rrior.
We
ll be
fore
th
at
, th
e a
nc
ien
t
Eg
yp
tia
ns
rela
te
d t
his
c
on
st
ella
tio
n w
ith
th
eir g
od
Os
iris.
Th
e fi
rst
pe
op
le t
o n
am
e it
we
re t
he
S
um
eria
ns
; th
e n
am
e w
as
Uru
An
-n
a, m
ea
nin
g ` H
ea
ve
n’s
ligh
t ’.
Orio
n: a
fam
ou
s c
on
st
ella
tio
n
5
In 1
92
7 a
co
nt
es
t
wa
s h
eld
to
ch
oo
se
t
he
fla
g o
f Ala
sk
a. T
he
w
inn
er w
as
Be
nn
y
Be
ns
on
, a 1
3 y
ea
r-old
A
las
ka
n b
oy
. He
w
rot
e: ` T
he
No
rth
S
ta
r is fo
r th
e fu
tu
re
st
at
e o
f Ala
sk
a, t
he
m
os
t n
ort
he
rly in
th
e
Un
ion
. Th
e D
ipp
er is
fo
r th
e G
rea
t B
ea
r —s
ym
bo
lizin
g s
tre
ng
th ’.
12
Th
e fl
ag
of B
raz
il. Its
2
7 s
ta
rs re
pre
se
nt
t
he
27
st
at
es
an
d
are
arra
ng
ed
in t
he
s
am
e p
att
ern
as
in
th
e n
igh
t s
ky
ov
er
Bra
zil.
Co
ns
te
llat
ion
s a
re o
fte
n re
pre
se
nt
ed
on
S
ta
te
Fla
gs
, pro
vin
g t
he
imp
ort
an
ce
of
th
e s
ky
for m
an
kin
d, e
ve
n in
mo
de
rn
tim
es
.
St
ars
ca
n b
e s
ee
n o
nly
at
nig
ht
: d
urin
g t
he
da
y, t
he
y a
re o
ut
sh
on
e
by
th
e S
un
.
In t
he
co
urs
e o
f a y
ea
r, th
e E
art
h
rev
olv
es
aro
un
d t
he
Su
n s
o t
ha
t
diff
ere
nt
pa
rts
of t
he
sk
y a
re s
ee
n
in d
iffe
ren
t s
ea
so
ns
(se
e t
he
d
raw
ing
on
th
e o
pp
os
ite
pa
ge
).
Th
e c
ele
st
ial s
ph
ere
is a
n im
ag
ina
ry
sp
he
re c
en
te
red
on
Ea
rth
on
wh
ich
a
ll th
e s
ta
rs a
re p
roje
ct
ed
an
d
se
em
to
mo
ve
.
Th
e a
pp
are
nt
pa
th
of t
he
Su
n o
n
th
e c
ele
st
ial s
ph
ere
is a
circ
le t
ha
t
cro
ss
es
th
os
e c
on
st
ella
tio
ns
th
at
a
re c
los
e t
o t
he
pla
ne
of ro
ta
tio
n
of t
he
Ea
rth
aro
un
d t
he
Su
n. T
his
p
at
h is
ca
lled
th
e Z
od
iac
.
Th
e s
ky
in d
iffe
ren
t s
ea
so
ns
9
Th
e E
art
h’s
orb
it a
rou
nd
th
e S
un
. D
iffe
ren
t c
on
st
ella
tio
ns
are
vis
ible
in t
he
n
igh
t s
ky
du
ring
th
e y
ea
r.
Pe
op
le s
ta
nd
ing
in
op
po
sit
e
he
mis
ph
ere
s o
f t
he
Ea
rth
are
u
ps
ide
do
wn
wit
h
res
pe
ct
to
ea
ch
o
th
er, a
nd
ha
ve
in
ve
rte
d v
iew
s o
f t
he
sa
me
c
on
st
ella
tio
n.
8
Th
e s
ta
rs o
f t
he
O
rio
n c
on
st
ella
tio
n
wit
h im
ag
ina
ry li
ne
s
co
nn
ec
tin
g t
he
m.
4
Ab
ov
e: O
rio
n a
s
rep
res
en
te
d in
16
87
by
t
he
Po
lis
h A
st
ron
om
er
J
oh
an
ne
s H
ev
eli
us
in h
is
Sk
y A
tla
s.
R
igh
t: a
de
ta
il o
f t
he
D
un
hu
an
g M
ap
, a
7t
h
ce
nt
ury
Ch
ine
se
st
ar
ch
art
, sh
ow
ing
th
e O
rio
n
co
ns
te
lla
tio
n.
Co
ns
te
lla
tio
ns
an
d A
st
ron
om
y
A f
ew
th
ou
sa
nd
st
ars
are
vis
ible
to
t
he
na
ke
d e
ye
. O
ve
r t
he
ye
ars
, th
ey
h
av
e b
ee
n c
at
alo
gu
ed
in m
an
y s
ky
a
tla
se
s w
ith
be
au
tif
ul i
llus
tra
tio
ns
d
ep
ict
ing
th
e c
on
st
ella
tio
ns
.
No
wa
da
ys
as
tro
no
me
rs k
no
w h
ow
to
m
ea
su
re t
he
dis
ta
nc
es
of
st
ars
. In
a
sin
gle
co
ns
te
lla
tio
n t
he
st
ars
are
u
su
all
y v
ery
fa
r fr
om
on
e a
no
th
er
an
d a
re n
ot
ph
ys
ica
lly
lin
ke
d.
Bu
t
we
st
ill l
ike
to
re
co
gn
ize
th
e
co
ns
te
lla
tio
ns
in t
he
sk
y.
Wit
h t
ele
sc
op
es
, we
ca
n fi
nd
ma
ny
m
ore
st
ars
. In
20
14
, us
ing
th
e
Isa
ac
Ne
wt
on
Te
les
co
pe
on
th
e
Ca
na
ry I
sla
nd
s, a
st
ron
om
ers
re
lea
se
d a
ca
ta
log
ue
of
21
9 m
illi
on
s
ta
rs.
13
So
me
fa
mo
us
c
on
st
ell
at
ion
s
Th
e T
win
s
Th
e S
co
rpio
n
T
he
Sw
an
Th
e L
ion
Gra
ży
na
St
as
ińs
ka
P
ari
s O
bs
erv
at
ory
Th
e U
niv
ers
e in
my
po
ck
et
ES-‐001
Fig
ure
s in
th
e s
ky
No
. 5
+
If yo
u lo
ok
at
th
e s
ky
on
a c
lea
r n
igh
t, y
ou
will s
ee
th
at
th
e s
ta
rs
se
em
to
dra
w fi
gu
res
.
Th
es
e fi
gu
res
, ca
lled
co
ns
te
llat
ion
s,
rem
ain
ide
nt
ica
l du
ring
th
e n
igh
t
an
d d
o n
ot
ch
an
ge
from
on
e n
igh
t
to
an
ot
he
r. Bu
t t
he
wh
ole
patt
ern
m
ov
es
: like
th
e S
un
, co
ns
te
llat
ion
s
« ris
e »
in t
he
ea
st
an
d « s
et »
in
th
e W
es
t. T
he
wh
ole
patt
ern
g
rad
ua
lly s
hift
s fro
m o
ne
nig
ht
to
a
no
th
er b
ut
is fo
un
d in
th
e s
am
e
pla
ce
aft
er e
xa
ct
ly o
ne
ye
ar h
as
p
as
se
d.
It is
no
t s
urp
risin
g t
ha
t e
ve
r sin
ce
t
he
old
es
t t
ime
s, p
eo
ple
of a
ll c
ult
ure
s h
av
e p
aid
clo
se
att
en
tio
n
to
th
e s
ky
, wh
ich
se
rve
d t
o o
rien
t
th
em
bo
th
in s
pa
ce
an
d in
tim
e.
Th
is is
ho
w A
st
ron
om
y s
ta
rte
d.
3
TU
IMP
Cre
at
ive C
om
mo
ns
To
lea
rn m
ore
ab
ou
t t
his
s
erie
s a
nd
ab
ou
t t
he
to
pic
s
pre
se
nt
ed
in t
his
bo
okle
t,
ple
as
e vis
ithtt
p://w
ww
.tu
imp
.org
Th
e U
niv
ers
e in
my
po
ck
et
No
. 5
Nr
1
Th
e c
ov
er im
ag
e re
pre
se
nt
s t
he
"Em
u in
th
e
sk
y", a
co
ns
te
llat
ion
pre
se
nt
in m
an
y
ab
orig
ina
l Au
st
ralia
n c
ult
ure
s. It
is n
ot
d
efi
ne
d b
y s
ta
rs b
ut
by
th
e d
ark
pa
tc
he
s
vis
ible
ag
ain
st
th
e M
ilky
Wa
y b
ac
kg
rou
nd
. T
his
bo
ok
let
wa
s w
ritte
n in
20
15
by
G
raż
yn
a S
ta
siń
sk
a fro
m P
aris
Ob
se
rva
to
ry
(Fra
nc
e) a
nd
rev
ise
d b
y S
ta
n K
urt
z fro
m t
he
U
NA
M R
ad
io A
st
ron
om
y In
st
itu
te
in M
ore
lia
(Me
xic
o).
Th
e T
win
s, in
a
15
37
Pe
rsia
n c
op
y
of T
he
Wo
nd
ers
of
Cre
at
ion
, writt
en
by
a
l-Qa
zw
ini a
rou
nd
1
25
0.
Th
e L
ion
, in t
he
U
ran
om
et
ria o
f th
e
Ge
rma
n a
st
ron
om
er
Jo
ha
n B
ay
er (1
60
3).
Th
e S
wa
n, in
th
e
Ce
les
tia
l At
las
of
th
e E
ng
lish
a
st
ron
om
er J
oh
n
Fla
ms
te
ed
(17
29
).
Sc
orp
io, in
th
e T
rea
ty
o
f sp
he
res
by
An
da
lo d
i N
eg
ro a
rou
nd
13
30
.
se
e t
he
co
ns
te
llat
ion
of t
he
Gre
at
Be
ar.
2
Th
is 1
7,0
00
ye
ar
old
pa
int
ing
from
th
e
La
sc
au
x c
av
e in
F
ran
ce
sh
ow
s t
he
s
ta
rs o
f wh
at
is
no
w c
alle
d t
he
P
leia
de
s c
lus
te
r.
Th
is d
isc
fou
nd
in G
erm
an
y
an
d t
ho
ug
ht
to
ha
ve
be
en
m
ad
e a
lmo
st
40
00
ye
ars
a
go
sh
ow
s t
he
Su
n, t
he
m
oo
n a
nd
se
ve
ral s
ta
rs,
am
on
g w
hic
h a
re t
he
P
leia
de
s.
`St
arry
Nig
ht
o
ve
r th
e R
hô
ne
’ is
a fa
mo
us
p
ain
tin
g b
y t
he
g
rea
t D
ut
ch
a
rtis
t V
inc
en
t
Va
n G
og
h,
wh
ere
on
e c
an
Th
e O
rio
n
co
ns
te
lla
tio
n s
ee
n
fro
m t
he
so
ut
he
rn
he
mis
ph
ere
, wh
ere
it
loo
ks
up
sid
e d
ow
n.
S
up
eri
mp
os
ed
is t
he
re
pre
se
nt
at
ion
of
th
e
my
th
of
an
Au
st
rali
an
p
eo
ple
as
so
cia
te
d t
o
th
is c
on
st
ell
at
ion
.
6
Th
e O
ld M
an
is
an
in
dig
en
ou
s
Bra
zil
ian
n
am
e f
or
a
co
ns
te
lla
tio
n
form
ed
by
a
co
mb
ina
tio
n
of
th
e O
rio
n
an
d T
au
rus
c
on
st
ella
tio
ns
. (I
ma
ge
fro
m
th
e m
us
eu
m
of
Am
az
on
ia.)
As
tro
no
my
an
d A
st
rolo
gy
Th
e w
ord
zo
dia
c is
ve
ry w
ell
-kn
ow
n
be
ca
us
e o
f it
s r
ela
tio
n w
ith
h
oro
sc
op
es
, wh
ich
pre
te
nd
to
p
red
ict
yo
ur
fut
ure
ac
co
rdin
g t
o
th
e p
os
itio
n o
f t
he
Su
n in
th
e
zo
dia
c a
t t
he
tim
e o
f y
ou
r b
irt
h.
Pe
op
le w
rit
ing
ho
ros
co
pe
s a
re
ca
lle
d A
st
rolo
ge
rs, n
ot
to
be
c
on
fus
ed
wit
h A
st
ron
om
ers
!
As
tro
no
my
is a
sc
ien
ce
th
at
d
es
cri
be
s a
nd
tri
es
to
un
de
rst
an
d
th
e o
bje
ct
s b
ey
on
d t
he
Ea
rth
’s
at
mo
sp
he
re (
pla
ne
ts
, st
ars
, ga
lax
ies
).
As
tro
log
y is
no
t a
sc
ien
ce
. It
a
ss
um
es
th
at
th
ere
is a
lin
k b
et
we
en
t
he
po
sit
ion
of
th
e S
un
an
d p
lan
et
s
an
d p
eo
ple
’s li
ve
s. B
ut
th
ere
is n
o
rea
so
n f
or
th
is t
o b
e t
rue
. On
th
e
co
nt
rary
, th
ere
is m
uc
h e
vid
en
ce
th
at
t
his
is w
ron
g.
11
Ch
ine
se
zo
dia
c, u
se
d f
or
div
ina
tio
n, v
ery
d
iffe
ren
t f
rom
th
e o
cc
ide
nt
al z
od
iac
.
10
6
th
ce
nt
ury
mo
sa
ic r
ep
res
en
tin
g t
he
w
he
el o
f t
he
zo
dia
c w
ith
Gre
ek
mo
tif
s.
My
th
s f
rom
ot
he
r c
ult
ure
s a
re
ve
ry d
iffe
ren
t.
Fo
r t
he
Yo
lln
gu
, an
ab
ori
ge
na
l p
eo
ple
fro
m A
us
tra
lia
, Ori
on
is a
c
an
oe
wit
h t
hre
e b
rot
he
rs w
ho
w
en
t fi
sh
ing
. O
ne
of
th
em
at
e a
fi
sh
th
at
wa
s f
orb
idd
en
. In
an
ge
r,
th
e S
un
-wo
ma
n c
rea
te
d a
w
at
ers
po
ut
th
at
ca
rrie
d t
he
ca
no
e
wit
h t
he
th
ree
bro
th
ers
int
o t
he
s
ky
.
A v
ery
diff
ere
nt
st
ory
is t
old
by
in
dia
ns
fro
m B
raz
il: T
he
co
ns
te
llat
ion
o
f t
he
Old
Ma
n r
ep
res
en
ts
a m
an
w
ho
se
wif
e w
as
int
ere
st
ed
in h
is
bro
th
er.
Sh
e k
ille
d h
er
hu
sb
an
d a
nd
c
ut
off
on
e o
f h
is le
gs
. T
he
go
ds
fe
lt
so
rry
fo
r h
im a
nd
tra
ns
form
ed
him
in
to
a c
on
st
ell
at
ion
.
Ori
on
« u
ps
ide
do
wn »
7
+
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