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DOCOMO’s 5G Network Deployment Strategy
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Chapter 1: 5G delivers high speed and large capacity using new spectrum
Chapter 2: 5G deployment in 4G bands
Chapter 3: To realize low latency
Chapter 4: DOCOMO’s 5G network deployment strategy
Contents
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Chapter 1: 5G delivers high speed and large capacity using new spectrum
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What is 5G?
The 5th generation mobile communication system: Offers 3 key properties
4G/eLTE
High speed, large capacity
Low latency Massive device connectivity
4G
Max. transmission bit rate:
20Gbps
Transmission latency in radio interface:
1ms
1.7Gbps
5G
10ms 105
No. of simultaneously connectible devices:
106 devices/km2* The numbers above are the target performance defined in technical standard and do not represent the performance delivered at the time of 5G launch.
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New Spectrum Allocation
New 5G spectrum allocated to Japanese carriers
4600[MHz]45003600
KDDIRakutenMobile
SoftBank KDDI
41003700
<3.7GHz band> <4.5GHz band>
Rakuten Mobile
27.0 27.4
Local 5G
29.5[GHz]
29.128.227.8
<28GHz band>
KDDI SoftBank
Bandwidth: 100MHz /slot
Bandwidth: 400MHz/slot
Bandwidth: 100MHz /slot
DOCOMO DOCOMO
DOCOMO
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Why 5G Can Deliver High Speed & Large Capacity?
5G can deliver high speed and large capacity because a wider channel bandwidth is allocated in the new frequency bands.
Channel bandwidth
5G uses frequency bands that can secure a wider channel bandwidth compared to the frequency bands assigned for 4G, which enables faster speeds and larger capacity!
2GHz
800MHz
1.5GHz
1.7GHz
700MHz
3.4GHz
3.5GHz
3.7G
4.5G
28G
100MHz bandwidth
400MHz bandwidth
100MHz bandwidth
New frequency bands
4G bands
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(Ref) Relation between Bandwidth and Speed (Illustrative)
Wider road width allows more cars to travel simultaneously.
New frequency bands for 5G
4G bands
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800MHz1.5GHz1.7GHz
700MHz
3.5GHz
3.4GHz
Sub6(3.7/4.5GHz)
28GHz
Frequency band
10MHz bandwidth
15MHz bandwidth
20MHz bandwidth
10MHz bandwidth
40MHz bandwidth
40MHz bandwidth
100MHz bandwidth
400MHz bandwidth
Characteristics
Signals difficult to reach(Strong rectilinear propagation)
Signals easier to reach
Breadth of coverage (illustrative)
2GHz 15MHz bandwidth
Radio Characteristics of New Frequency Bands
More costs and longer time needed for coverage expansion in higher frequency bands.
New spectrum
4G bands
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Chapter 2: 5G Deployment in 4G Bands
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5G Deployment in 4G Bands : Overview
With the revision of ministerial ordinance, etc., by the MIC, it is now possible to use 4G spectrum for 5G. The idea can be brought into reality by converting part of the multiple 4G bands into 5G use.
4G 5G(Band converted from 4G use)
5G
4G4G
4G4G
http://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://cc-library.net/010008565_free-illustraition/&ei=LBA6VaeoMuLTmgWT6IGQDg&psig=AFQjCNGlFAityK8nslnopD667qLmS07gRA&ust=1429954947379675
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Benefits of 5G Deployment in 4G Bands
Leads to proliferation of services that take advantage of 5G’s low latency and other characteristics over a broad coverage.
⇒DOCOMO also supports the new arrangement.
5G(new band)
5G(new band)5G (4G band)
4G
Full exploitation of 5G’s high speed,
large capacity andother properties
Enables offeringlow latency, etc.,
over a broad coverage
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Difference from 5G Deployed in New Bands
Speeds are limited to a level only comparable to 4G as the channel bandwidth remains unchanged. Impossible to deliver superior speeds
and capacity that can be realized by the new frequency bands.
4G
4G
4G
4G
5G (Band converted from 4G use)
4G
4G
4G
5G(New frequency bands)
4G
4G
Car
rie
r b
and
wid
th 5G deployed in 4G bands
5G deployed in new bands
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(Ref) FY2019 Effective Speed Survey Results
DOCOMO’s PREMIUM 4G service offers Japan’s fastest speeds!
600
300
0
Download Upload(Mbps)
33
17
0
229
136
100
50
123 19
ドコモ au ソフトバンク ドコモ au ソフトバンク
【Legend】
Maximum value
Minimum value
Lower quartile
Upper quartile
Median value
◆ Measurements were performed in accordance with the “Effective Speed Measurement Method of Internet Connection Services Provided by Mobile Telecommunications Carriers” set forth by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. Data of other carriers were derived from their respective corporate web sites (as of Mar. 31, 2020). The values in the graphs represent the aggregated measurement results for Android and iOS devices.
◆ The expression “Japan’s fastest” is based on the comparison of median values. ◆ For details concerning the measurement method, including the dates and locations of measurement, please see the materials published by each carrier.
DOCOMO DOCOMOSoftBank SoftBank
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Necessity of User Protection in 5G Deployment
“5G deployed in 4G band” and “5G deployed in new band” should be distinguished in area maps and informed to users.
Speed is comparable
to 4G
High speed and large capacity because I’m in 5G coverage!⇒Risk of misleading
representation
When color-coded by speed When not color-coded by speed
5G using 4G band (Speed comparable to 4G)
4G
5G using new band (High speed, large capacity)
4G
5G using either new band or 4G band
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Risks Associated with 5G Deployment in 4G Bands
Potential decline of 4G users’ communication speeds
4G subscriber
5G subscriber
4G frequency band
4G 4G⇒5GReduction of spectrum assigned to 4G users ⇒ Potential drop in speed
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Spectrum Congestion Status
Users’ usage status also needs to be taken into consideration when using 4G spectrum for 5G.
3G/4G
5G
150MHz
2019 2020 202x
600MHz
Bandwidth in frequency band:
Bandwidth infrequency band:
Use for 5G
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Chapter 3: To Realize Low Latency
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Article on Low Latency (Excerpt)
General perception that 5G will bring about low latency
4G/eLTE
High speed, large capacity
Low latency Massive device connectivity
4G
1.7Gbps
5G
10ms 105
Transmission latency in radio interface: 1ms
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What is Latency?
It is the time required from data request to first data arrival.
Transmission equipmentTransmission &
reception of signals
Internet
SwitchPacket switching
sp mode equipmentInternet connection
Radio base stationRadio signal ⇔electric signal
conversion
Smartphone
InternetPoint of interface Content server
Large amount of latency could hinder the use of content that require real-time immediacy
Request
Arrival
XX m sec ←Latency
https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj0trnXjdbWAhVCv7wKHV_3AWUQjRwIBw&url=https://pixabay.com/en/cabinet-file-cabinet-drawers-office-150726/&psig=AOvVaw21Zql0MEFp4SYeW0FXaPe2&ust=1507176850239693
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To Realize Low Latency
It is necessary to achieve low latency in the entire network including the fixed-line sections
Latency in radio section Latency in fixed-line section
Server
InternetNetwork
equipmentTransmitnetwork
Latency determined by the physical distance between base station and server
Content server @Tokyo
In case content server is located in Tokyo,Accesses made from Okinawa have larger latency, with a large amount of latency in the fixed-line section
https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj0trnXjdbWAhVCv7wKHV_3AWUQjRwIBw&url=https://pixabay.com/en/cabinet-file-cabinet-drawers-office-150726/&psig=AOvVaw21Zql0MEFp4SYeW0FXaPe2&ust=1507176850239693https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj0trnXjdbWAhVCv7wKHV_3AWUQjRwIBw&url=https://pixabay.com/en/cabinet-file-cabinet-drawers-office-150726/&psig=AOvVaw21Zql0MEFp4SYeW0FXaPe2&ust=1507176850239693
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Can 5G Deployed in 4G Bands Realize Low Latency?
Just using 4G spectrum for 5G does not realize
low latency for the whole network configuration
Latency in radio section Latency in fixed-line section
Server
InternetNetwork
equipmentTransmitnetwork
Ingenuity to reduce latency in fixed-line section is also needed
5G deployed in 4G band
https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj0trnXjdbWAhVCv7wKHV_3AWUQjRwIBw&url=https://pixabay.com/en/cabinet-file-cabinet-drawers-office-150726/&psig=AOvVaw21Zql0MEFp4SYeW0FXaPe2&ust=1507176850239693
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Low Latency Enabling Technology: MEC
Realize low latency by placing the server (i.e. destination of connection) closer
Latency in radio section Latency in fixed-line section
Server
Internet
The shorter the distance, the lower the latency
*MEC: Abbreviation for Multi-Access Edge Computing
Latency determined by the physical distance between base station and server
Networkequipment
Transmitnetwork
https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj0trnXjdbWAhVCv7wKHV_3AWUQjRwIBw&url=https://pixabay.com/en/cabinet-file-cabinet-drawers-office-150726/&psig=AOvVaw21Zql0MEFp4SYeW0FXaPe2&ust=1507176850239693https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj0trnXjdbWAhVCv7wKHV_3AWUQjRwIBw&url=https://pixabay.com/en/cabinet-file-cabinet-drawers-office-150726/&psig=AOvVaw21Zql0MEFp4SYeW0FXaPe2&ust=1507176850239693https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj0trnXjdbWAhVCv7wKHV_3AWUQjRwIBw&url=https://pixabay.com/en/cabinet-file-cabinet-drawers-office-150726/&psig=AOvVaw21Zql0MEFp4SYeW0FXaPe2&ust=1507176850239693https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj0trnXjdbWAhVCv7wKHV_3AWUQjRwIBw&url=https://pixabay.com/en/cabinet-file-cabinet-drawers-office-150726/&psig=AOvVaw21Zql0MEFp4SYeW0FXaPe2&ust=1507176850239693
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Slicing Enabled by 5GC*
Slicing technique enables flexible provision of 5G’s low latency
and other properties at individual application/service level
Low-latency slice(Logical network)
Large-capacity slice(Logical network)
MEC server, etc.
5GC
Video content server, etc.
Application that requires low latency
Service that requires large
capacity
Internet
*5G-Core: 5G Core network equipment
https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj0trnXjdbWAhVCv7wKHV_3AWUQjRwIBw&url=https://pixabay.com/en/cabinet-file-cabinet-drawers-office-150726/&psig=AOvVaw21Zql0MEFp4SYeW0FXaPe2&ust=1507176850239693https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj0trnXjdbWAhVCv7wKHV_3AWUQjRwIBw&url=https://pixabay.com/en/cabinet-file-cabinet-drawers-office-150726/&psig=AOvVaw21Zql0MEFp4SYeW0FXaPe2&ust=1507176850239693
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DOCOMO’s 5G Network Deployment Strategy
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Recap of Chapters 1-3
• 5G delivers high speed and large capacity through the use of new spectrum
• “5G deployed in 4G bands” can provide broad coverage,but speeds will be limited to 4G level
• To realize low latency, ingenuity in overall network configuration is required
• Unique properties of 5G can be provided flexibly through slicing supported by 5GC
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DOCOMO’s 5G Network Deployment Strategy
① Expand coverage of high speed and large capacity services using new spectrum
② Promote low latency across the entire network
③ Flexible service provision based on demand using 5GC(Also study deployment of 5G in 4G bands)
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High-Speed, Large-Capacity Coverage Expansion Using New Bands
First, actively deploy “5G using new frequency bands”
that can deliver high speeds and large capacity
Mar. 31, 2020 Jun. 30, 2020 Jun. 30, 2021 Mar. 31, 2022Mar. 31, 2021
Development rate of 5G infrastructure maintenance:
97.0%
Within FY2023
150locationsacross Japan500 base stations
47prefectures
500 cities including all government-designatedcities
10,000base stations
20,000 base stations
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Accelerate Realization of Low Latency in Entire NW Configuration
Started provision of cloud service offering MEC features
that can deliver low latency required for the 5G era
Launched cloud service that delivers low latency
Internet
DOCOMO network
Base station
Servicessolutions
Video distribution
Image/face recognition
Remote operation
Gaming
Dispersedly installed across Japan
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Transition from NSA to SA
Evolution to SA (Stand Alone) to begin in the future with the introduction of 5GC
EPC 5GC
4G base station
5G base station
5G base station
Internet Internet
4G
5G (NSA) 5G(SA)
*NSA: Non-Stand Alone
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Society to be Realized by SA
Society in which services that take advantage of 5G’s unique properties are provided in a flexible manner
⇒ Study coverage rollout using 5G deployment in 4G bands
Telemedicine/diagnosis
Ultra-dense/high traffic
Smart manufacturingSmart cityHigh speed, large capacity, massive
device connectivity
Stadium solutionHigh speed, large capacity,
low latency Smart agricultureMassive device
connectivity
5G coverage
High speed, large capacity, low latency
Massive device connectivity
High speed, large capacity
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DOCOMO’s 5G Network Deployment Strategy (Summary)
DOCOMO plans to introduce 5GC and start SA services within FY2021
⇒Flexibly provide services that leverage 5G’s unique properties
2019 2020 2021 2022 ・・・
▲5G service launch
Provide services flexibly based on demand using SA(Study 5G deployment in 4G spectrum)
Expand high-speed, large-capacity coverage using new spectrum
Realize low latency throughout entire network using MEC, etc.
▲10,000 base stations ▲20,000 base stations