®Rainer Abendt
Dr.- Ing. Rainer-Werner AbendtNürnberg
Contact: [email protected]
First WASPA Annual International Conference & Exhibition
8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Can the costs for waste water disposal be minimized?
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®Rainer Abendt
It is true, waste water disposal is expensive!It is true, waste water disposal is expensive!
But it is necessary!But it is necessary!
Why?It`s undeniable:
Supply of clean water to the population is indispensable for health provision. (National Water Services)
With appropriation of water, the disposal of the sewage system must be secured.
If this is not possible, Epedemien who are transmitted via the water are at any time possible.
Therefor, the construction of a sewage system is a health provision. A hygiene measure!
This evolution was also in Europe. It only began there already 100 years ago.
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Effluent Standards (emission)
Water Quality Standards (imission)
Education Standards: labours and academic
Health and Safety Standards
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1
1
2
3
43
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Interest24%
Depriciation30%
Personnel16%
Maintenance16%
Others14%
17,5 Mio. €17,5 Mio. €
17,6 Mio.€17,6 Mio.€ 25,9 Mio. €25,9 Mio. €
14,9 Mio. €14,9 Mio. €31,5 Mio. €31,5 Mio. €
Example Nürnberg, the Cost of Wast Water Disposal per year:(500.000 Inhabitants and industrial pollution of 1 million Inhabitants)
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Waste water disposal(Discharge and treatment)
Environmental laboratory for:Self-monitoring;Industrial monitoring;Pollutans;Heavy polluters
Administration:
Finances;
PersonnelBy-laws:
Connection approval;Industrial monitoring;Cost covering
Sewer construction:
General drainage;Sewer network expansion;Sewer operation:
Maintenance, repair, operation/control of storage space and outlets (provisions under water law)
Wastwater treatment works construction:Matching structures to requirements including commissioning
Wastwater treatment works operation:Processes (provision under water law), maintenance, repair, sludge disposal
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Treatment plant
Urban area
Evolution of water crowd:
- Sewer construction
Evolution in sewer network:- By-laws
Evolution of Water quality:- Sewer operation
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Example: „Visual inspection coding system “
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Examples in TC`s on Water Subjects:CEN TC 155 „Plastics piping systems“ “
CEN TC 163 „Sanitary appliances “
CEN TC 164 „Water supply “
CEN TC 165 „Waste Water Engineering“
CEN TC 203 „Cast iron pipes “
CEN TC 208 „Elastomeric seals“
CEN TC 230 „Water analysis “
CEN TC 308 „Characterization of sludges“
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
DEN = Technical European Norms
Free trade
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Urban area
Evolution of water crowd:
- Sewer construction
Evolution in sewer network:- By-laws
Evolution of Water quality:- Sewer operation Laboratory
operating data
Demands on the sludge
Legal orders
secure disposal
government control
Automatic monitoring
Legal ordersPlanningAccompany projects
Treatmentplant
(Process system)
Product 2 "Sludge"
Product 1 „Clean Water"
Electricalengineering
Automizitation
Machine engineering
Maintenance
Building
Administration
PersonnelDocumentation
Financialmanagement
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Demands on water quality (Europe):Demands on water quality (Europe):
COD
BOD5
Ammonia Ntot
PtotSuspended Solid
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Waste Water Treatment
Sludge Disposal
54,7%
45,3%
The relation of Costs for Wast Water Treatment and Sludge disposal:
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Criteria for Sludge Treatment Disposal and Use Potenzial
Methods of disposal or use
Fertilizing in agriculture
Transport Comparission of Transport
Truck or trainCriteria: Costs, CO2-Minimization, Environmental production
Energy balanceAmount of energy for fouling, drying, transport ...Gaining Energy e.g. incinneration
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Waste water is a source of energy:
Use of the water heat out of the sewer or the treatment plant
Use of the waterpower potential on the treatment area
Anaerobe waste water processing
Treated water for irrigation in agriculture
Treated water for fabrication water
Energy generation of sludge digester (gas)
Energy generation of biomass, or organic waste similar with sludge in the digester
Sludge for fertilizing in agriculture
Sludge incineration for heating energy
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Personnel costs?
A financial manager normaly thinks:
„An employee is only a factor in costs. Minimize the worker number!“
But my experiences have showed:
A motivated worker minimize the operating costs. But he must be developed well in the field of work.
On one hand site he needs pure knowledge and on the other site practical experience.
Against the background of expensive investments and high operating costs:
„A well trained worker is the best investment for a company.“
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Example for pure knowledge, a biologic treatment step:
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13
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B1
B2
Material flows1 : Reactor input2 : Reactor outlet3 : treatet water4 : Sludge recyclet5 : Sludge outlet6 : Air input7 : Exhaust
Measurement system
B1 : Activated sludge tank (Reactor)
B2 : Activated sludge plant
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Interest24%
Depriciation30%
Personnel16%
Maintenance16%
Others14%
17,5 Mio. €17,5 Mio. €
17,6 Mio.€17,6 Mio.€ 25,9 Mio. €25,9 Mio. €
14,9 Mio. €14,9 Mio. €31,5 Mio. €31,5 Mio. €
Example Nürnberg, the Cost of Wast Water Disposal per year:(500.000 Inhabitants and industrial pollution of 1 million Inhabitants)
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Securing the Qualification of Personnel
Question:Question:How do I acquire trained personnel, if I do not have the training and advanced training structure which is developed in Germany?
Answer:Answer:Personnel must be trained in plants locally. Helpful here is the employment of externally trained instructors or training facilities, such as are also offered by the DWA, together with a training programme.
DWA = German Association for Water, Waste Water and Waste
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Model NeighbourhoodModel NeighbourhoodGermany and Austria since 25 yearsTarget group Operatorsregional Groups approx. 10-20 Utilities2-3 meetings per yearTeachers get trained
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®Rainer Abendt
Thank you for your attention!
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
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®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
Costs of the wastewater disposalCosts of the wastewater disposal
For example in Nürnberg (including rainwater!):
In a 4-person household the costs arising for wastewater disposal for one year are shown as an example:
Fresh water consumption 35-40 m³/Person and yearPaved and connected surface area
of a detached house: 80 m²
Calculation: Wastewater charges per year (150 m³ x 1.99 EURO/m³): 298.50 €
Precipitation water charges (80 m² x 0.51 EUR/ m²): 40.80 €Total (costs per year): 339.30 €
A1
®Rainer Abendt
First WASPA Annual International Conference 8-9th September 2011, KICC Grounds, Nairobi, Kenya
A 4-person household in Germany has available an average annual income of 21.000 EURO. It must expend 1.6 % of its income for the disposal of waste water.
If the waste water charges are distributed over 365 days in the year there is a daily sum of 0.93 EURO.
Important relation of costs :Important relation of costs :If one expresses these charges in purchasing power then the
4-person household has to do without four to five cigarettes a day or one bottle of mineral water or ?
A1