August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Real Time Operating Systems for the Mobile Systems
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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1. 1. OS OS
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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System DefinitionSystem Definition A way of working, organizing or
performing one or many tasks according to a fixed set of rules, program or plan.
Also an arrangement in which all units assemble and work together according to a program or plan.
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Operating System (OS) Operating System (OS)
A system software, which enables the execution of tasks on the given computer hardware
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Operating SystemOperating SystemA system software, which Task Management— Creation, block,
run, delay, suspend, resume, deletion Memory Management— Allocation,
Freeing, De-location Device Management—Configure,
Initiate, register with OS, read, listen, write, accept, deregister
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Operating SystemOperating SystemA system software, which I/O Devices subsystems management—
Display (LCD, Touch Screen), Printer, USB ports
Network Devices subsystems management — Ethernet, Internet, WiFi
Includes Middleware — TCP/IP stack for telecommunications
Includes Key-applications — Clock, Mail, Internet Explorer, Search, Access to the Maps external library
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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MiddlewareMiddleware Software sitting "in the middle" between
application software that may be working on different operating systems.
While core kernel functionality can only be provided by the operating system itself, some functionality previously provided by separately sold middleware is now integrated in operating systems.
Example —TCP/IP stack for telecommunications, nowadays included in virtually every operating system. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middleware
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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2. 2. RTOS RTOS
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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RTOSRTOS Multitasking operation system with hard or soft
real time constraints An OS for the system having the time-limits for
service of tasks and interrupts Enables defining of time constraints Enables execution of concurrent tasks (or
processes or threads) RTOS enables setting of the rules Assigning priorities Predictable Latencies
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Process Predictability Process Predictability
A predictable timing behavior of the system and a predictable task-synchronization with minimum jitter (difference between best case latency and worst case latency)
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Exemplary Application AreasExemplary Application Areas
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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3. 3. RTOSes for Mobile Systems RTOSes for Mobile Systems
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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RTOSes for Mobile SystemsRTOSes for Mobile Systems
(1) Windows CE 6.0 R3
(2) Symbian 3
(3) Android 2.2(4) Blackberry (Research In Motion)(5) Mac OS 4
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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4. Windows CE4. Windows CE 6.0 R3 6.0 R3
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Windows CE basic features
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Windows CE Windows CE A 32 bit OS from Microsoft User─ personal-computer-like feel and
Windows-like GUIs Large number of Windows-based
applications available at the device Provisions for media and shared presentations Connectivity to cellular networks
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Windows Embedded CE 6.0Windows Embedded CE 6.0
Open, scalable, 32-bit operating system (OS) with small-footprint and advanced Windows technologies
Provides hard real-time capabilities, with a redesigned kernel and embedded-specific development tools
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Windows CEWindows CE
Compatible with a variety of processor architectures
Customized for each specific hardware and processor in order to fine-tune the performance
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Windows CEWindows CE
Windows CE supports a new file system that supports larger file sizes
The flash file system saves the files and data in case the battery charge is draining out
Removable media encryption Larger storage media
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Windows Mobile 6 platformWindows Mobile 6 platform
For mobile devices such as PocketPC for managing Visual C# and Visual
Basic .NET codes Based on Windows CE and hardware such
as personal digital assistants (PDAs) and smartphones
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Windows Mobile 6 platformWindows Mobile 6 platform Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 Windows Mobile SDK for creating software for
the platform The code developed in Visual C++ Microsoft. 6.0 R3 includes a XAML rendering
engine, hardware graphics acceleration, plug-in engine for gesture animation and natural input capabilities, permits C++ to implement the business intelligence of the application and provides Internet Explorer with zooming and panning.
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Processes in Windows CE Processes in Windows CE
Device based on CE 6.0 can run a larger number of complex applications and can run as many as 32,000 simultaneous processes
Windows CE 6.0 provisions for each simultaneously running process─2 GB of virtual memory space
Minimum footprint of Windows CE 350 kB
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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DisplayDisplay
High resolution colour/ display Touch screen Stylus keypad with Windows layout of
desktop programs displayed on coloured touch screen
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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SoftwareSoftware
Desktop for Windows Other essential software PIM Contacts Task-to-do Smart phone Multimedia applications such as playing
music
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Desktop ProgramsDesktop Programs
Owner Number of messages not read Tasks Present hour subject
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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PortsPorts
USB and infrared port support Bluetooth TCP/IP WiFi or Ethernet LAN interface
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Third party supportThird party support
Very large support (about 20000) for games, applications, mobile e-commerce, and stock-trading
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Windows CE deficienciesWindows CE deficiencies
Cooperative running of multi-threading does not support simultaneous multi-modal user interfaces (data by multiple modes, for example, text as well as speech)
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Poor AdaptabilityPoor Adaptability
Adapts to different sorts of hardware limits mainly because of two reasons(i) compiled for a specific set of hardware for very fine-tuned Windows CE performance, (ii) large parts of OS offered in the form of source code first and then adjusted to the hardware by the manufacturer
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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5. 5. Symbian 3Symbian 3
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Symbian OSSymbian OS─ ─ multi-modal multi-modal communication supportcommunication support
OS for handheld SmartPhones and mobile handhelds with phone and multi-modal communication features
Multi-modal means usage of different modes—text, image, video, or audio
Multi-modal communication integrates and synchronizes multimedia (Video with text, audio with text, …)
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Symbian OSSymbian OS─ ─ C/C++ as well as Java SupportC/C++ as well as Java Support
Supports application development in C/C++ as well as Java and many communication protocols
JavaPhone
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Fine-tuning with ARM processorsFine-tuning with ARM processors
Symbian OS performance fine-tunes to ARM processors which are used in about more than 70% of mobile devices, for example, Nokia mobile devices
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Symbian application architectureSymbian application architecture
GUIs and VUIs─ APIs for the buttons, menus, advanced voice features such as a hands-free speakerphone, and conference calling capability
Application view Application engine Powerful development platforms and GUIs
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Application development toolsApplication development tools
Personal Java and Symbian Everywhere Symbian C++ Software development kit
(SDK) Symbian emulator for application
development using Windows Metrowerk, CodeWarrior
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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YouTube on Symbian 3YouTube on Symbian 3
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Symbian 3Symbian 3 HDMI (High definition Multimedia
interface A new 2D and 3D graphics architecture. Provides User Interface improvements and
will be used in Nokia N8. Support for multi-touch gestures (e.g. pinch
to zoom).
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Symbian 3Symbian 3 Ease-of-use improvements right across the
platform— Swipe to scroll, pinch to zoom, tap to open. Navigating around your Symbian device has never been easier
A new graphics so that user can really make the device own new look that goes way beyond wallpaper.
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Symbian 3Symbian 3 Intelligent network management.
Performance as per the user's needs: optimising for high speed when uploading photos or smooth streaming for a VoIP call or video feed.
One-click connectivity makes connecting to the Internet a breeze and manages transition between cellular and WLAN networks.
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Symbian 3Symbian 3 Organising user online life on user home
screen. Personalise user home screen to fit user’s
life: discover new widgets easily; organise them over as many pages as user
like; follow as many email accounts, friend feeds or even weather forecasts as suits to user
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Symbian 3Symbian 3
For developers includes integration of the Qt runtime.
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Symbian 3Symbian 3
Symbian Web runtime brings the power of Web 2.0 to the Symbian platform.
Developing applications is simple: HTML, CSS and JavaScript combine to enable rapid application development. JavaScript extensions - including PhoneGap - provide access to core device functionality such as camera and contacts
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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6. 6. Android 2.2 Android 2.2
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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AndroidAndroid
Andy Rubin the Mastermind [www.android.com and
http://en.wikipedia.org/
w/index.php?title=
Android_OS&redirect=no]
Clock, Dialer, Contacts, Browser, MapsClock, Dialer, Contacts, Browser, Maps
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Android Android
Source model Free and Open Source Initial release2008-10-21; Latest Release 2.2 Supported platforms ARM, MIPS, x86 Type Monolithic (Linux) Kernel License Apache 2.0 and GPLv2 www.android.com
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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FeaturesFeatures Allows to write the managed code in Java Allows controlling of the mobile device via
Google-developed Java libraries.
Managed code is a differentiation created by Microsoft to identify computer program code that requires and will only execute under the "management" of a Common Language Runtime Virtual Machine (resulting in Byte Code).
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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FeaturesFeatures Software written in Java can be compiled to
be executed in a specialized VM implementation designed for mobile device use, although not technically a standard Java Virtual Machine.[ http://code.google.com/android/]
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Modified version of the Linux Free and open source software Includes a device emulator, tools for
debugging and performance profiling and a plug-in for Eclipse IDE
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Uploading videos to YouTube Uploading pictures to Picasa directly from
the phone Upgraded search and navigation features,
with the addition of text and multimedia message search
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Connectivity technologies including GSM, Edge, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi.
Web browser based on the open-source WebKit application framework.
Ability to record and watch videos with the camcorder mode
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Multi-touch feature and supports devices with various screen sizes and resolutions, with three different screens of each of the applications.
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Animations between screens Can utilize video/still cameras, touch screens, GPS, acceleraometers, magnetometers, accelerated 2D bitblits (with hardware
orientation, scaling, pixel format conversion)
accelerated 3D graphics.
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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New widgets and folders that can populate the desktop
Expanded ability of Copy and Paste to include web pages
Virtual keyboard layout for faster and more accurate typing. The multi-touch ensures that all keys pressed during typing are not skipped. A new soft keyboard with an "Autocomplete" feature
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Communicate instantly by tapping on the contact.
Sync feature which enables synchronisation of the files, images between the PC and mobile.
Choosing from all available communication options (Facebook, Twitter, Yahoo! Mail, Gmail, etc)
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Improved camera controls with digital zoom, a scene mode, white balance controls, macro focus and colour effects.
Multiple email account synchronization, that combines all account into a single email inbox with option of exchange support
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Bluetooth API allows the device to connect to other nearby devices. This capabilities includes the integration of features of social-interaction and P2P communication. Ability to automatically connect to a Bluetooth headset within a certain distance
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Android Developers’ siteAndroid Developers’ site
www.developer.android.com
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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SummarySummary
We learnt
(i) System definition,
(ii) OS functions
(iii) RTOS functions
(iv) RTOSes for Mobile Systems
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Windows CEWindows CE
We learnt A 32 bit real time OS from Microsoft Customized for each specific hardware and
processor in order to fine-tune the performance Compatible with a variety of processor
architectures User─ personal-computer-like feel and
Windows-like GUIs …
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Windows CEWindows CE
We learnt Large number of Windows-based applications
available at the device Kernel consisting of source code and
hardware abstraction sublayer Shared source and source code access Memory requirement large but scales to the
requirement of the device peripherals
…
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Windows CEWindows CE
We learnt Memory space partitioned Data formats database and object file File automatically compresses when stored and
decompresses when loaded Visual C/C++ platform integrates use of web .NET XML parsing (trimmed version)
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Symbian 3Symbian 3
We learnt HDMI (High definition Multimedia
interface A new 2D and 3D graphics architecture. Provides User Interface improvements and
will be used in Nokia N8. Support for multi-touch gestures (e.g. pinch
to zoom).
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Symbian 3Symbian 3 Multitasking: For example, listening to internet
radio while browsing the web and leaving photos uploading in the background
Improved memory management allows more applications to run at once
Write applications using the Java programming language, Python, Silverlight and Adobe Flash.
A new visual task manager lets you switch apps with a swipe and a tap.
New 2500 + applications
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Android OSAndroid OS
We learnt Allows to write the managed code in Java Allows controlling of the mobile device via
Google-developed Java libraries.
Managed code is a differentiation created by Microsoft to identify computer program code that requires and will only execute under the "management" of a Common Language Runtime Virtual Machine (resulting in Byte Code).
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
65
Android OSAndroid OS
We learnt Software written in Java can be compiled to
be executed in a specialized VM implementation designed for mobile device use, although not technically a standard Java Virtual Machine.[ http://code.google.com/android/]
August 04, 2010 IIIT Pune: RTOSes for the MobileSystems", Raj Kamal, [email protected]
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Thank youThank you