EARTH SCIENCE
WHAT IS EARTH SCIENCE?
The study of Earth’s interior, rocks and soil, atmosphere, oceans and outer space.
SEARTH SCIENCE IS ABOUT CONNECTIONS
Today scientists look more for the connections among the different parts of the Earth- its
oceans, atmosphere, living things and rocks and soil.
HEAT ENERGY FROM INSIDE THE EARTH AND RADIATION FROM THE SUN PROVIDE ENERGY FOR EARTH’S PROCESSES.
EARTH SCIENCE VOCABULARY• Energy- the ability to cause
change.• Evaporation- the process by
which liquid changes into gas.
• Convection- hot material rises, cools, then sinks until it is heated enough to rise again.
• Radiation- energy that moves in certain types of waves.
WHY IS EARTH SCIENCE IMPORTANT?
Understanding Earth’s processes makes it possible to:
• Know what types of crops to plant and when to plant them
• Know when to watch for dangerous weather
• Predict a volcano’s eruption in time to save people
CHAPTER 1: VIEWS OF EARTH TODAYBIG IDEA:
Modern technology has
changed the way we view
and map the Earth.
KEY CONCEPT 1.1:
Technology is used to
explore the Earth system.
Click on the following link to begin the journey courtesy of the Discovery Channel.
We know how fire destroys, but how does it create?
THE EARTH SYSTEM Has four major parts:
Biosphere Hydrosphere
Geosphere Atmosphere
ANTHROSPHERE
The FIVE Parts of the Earth System
System- an organized group of parts that work together to form a whole
ATMOSPHERE: THE MIXTURE OF GASES THAT SURROUNDS AND
PROTECTS THE EARTHCOMPOSITION:•NITROGEN (78%)•OXYGEN (21%)•CARBON DIOXIDE•WATER VAPOR•OTHER GASES
STUDIED WITH:•WEATHER BALLONS•PLANES•SATELLITES
The FIVE Parts of the Earth SystemHYDROSPHERE: MADE UP OF ALL THE
WATER ON THE EARTH (OCEANS, LAKES, GLACIERS, RIVERS, UNDERGROUND)
WATER COVERS ¾ OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE• ONLY 3% IS FRESH WATER• NEARLY 70% IS IN GLACIERS AND POLAR ICE CAPSSTUDIED WITH:• DEEP –SEA VEHICLES• BUOYS• SATELLITE IMAGES• DIVING SUITSAFFECTS THE ATMOSPHERE WHEN WARM/COLD
OCEAN CURRENTS INTERACT WITH WIND CURRENTS
The FIVE Parts of the Earth SystemBIOSPHERE: INCLUDES ALL LIFE
ON EARTH (IN THE AIR, WATER, AND ON LAND)
STUDIED WITH:• SATELLITE PHOTOS TRACK
YEARLY CHANGES IN PLANT AND ANIMAL LIFE
• SPECIAL EQUIPMENT ALLOWS SCIENTISTS TO STUDY PLACES WITHOUT HARMING THEM
WHEN TREES EXCHANGE GASES THE BIOSPHERE INTERACTS WITH THE ATMOSPHERE
The FIVE Parts of the Earth SystemGEOSPHERE: ALL FEATURES ON
THE EARTH’S SURFACE (CRUST) ALONG WITH THE MANTLE, INNER AND OUTER CORES.
STUDIED WITH:• SATELLITE IMAGES• SOUND WAVES• COMPUTER MODELINGMATTER MOVES FROM THE
GEOSPHERE TO THE ATMOSPHERE WHEN VOLCANOES EXPLODE
The FIVE Parts of the Earth SystemANTHROSPHERE: THE PART OF
THE ENVIRONMENT THAT IS MODIFIED BY HUMANS FOR USE IN HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND HABITATS
STUDIED WITH:• CENSUS• OBSERVING AND TRACKING
MOVEMENTS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
THE ANTHROSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE INTERACT DURING A TSUNAMI.
ALL FIVE PARTS OF THE SYSTEM SHAPE THE PLANET’S SURFACE
• Atmosphere and Hydrosphere- Not even the hardest stone can withstand the forces of wind and water. Over millions of years rain, wind, and moving water carved the Grand Canyon.
• Geosphere: Landmasses pushing together have set off earthquakes and formed volcanoes and mountain ranges like the Andes around the world.
• Biosphere: Plants, animals and humans have also changed the Earth. Walking or riding a bike over open land changes the surface of the planet.
How does this picture show all five parts of the Earth system working together?
THE END