Philosopher
• The word "philosopher" comes from the Ancient Greek φιλόσοφος (philosophos), which means "lover of wisdom".
• A philosopher, in a broad sense, is someone who studies philosophy.
The Greek Educational Thinkers
The SophistsProtagoras
Gorgias
Antiphon
Hippias
Prodicus
Thrasymachus
The Sophists
• A sophist or sophister (Greek: σοφιστής, Latin: sophistes) was a specific kind of teacher in both Ancient Greece and in the Roman Empire.
• Many sophists specialized in using the tools of philosophy and rhetoric, though other sophists taught subjects such as music, athletics, and mathematics.
The Sophists
A. Protagoras
-Protagoras of Abdera (c. 490-420 B.C.E.) was the most prominent member of the sophistic movement.
-Protagoras is most famous for his relativistic account of truth.
The Sophists
B. Gorgias
-Gorgias of Leontini (c.485 - c.390 B.C.E.) is generally considered as a member of the sophistic movement, despite his disavowal of the capacity to teach aretē.
-The major focus of Gorgias was rhetoric.
The Sophists
C. Antiphon
-Antiphon of Rhamnus (a statesman and teacher of rhetoric who was a member of the oligarchy which held power in Athens briefly in 411 B.C.E.).
D. Hippias
-The exact dates for Hippias of Elis are unknown, but scholars generally assume that he lived during the same period as Protagoras.
-Hippias is best known for his polymathy
The Sophists
E. Prodicus
-Prodicus of Ceos, lived during roughly the same period as Protagoras and Hippias,
-best known for his subtle distinctions between the meanings of words.
F. Thrasymachus
-Thrasymachus was a well-known rhetorician in Athens in the latter part of the fifth century B.C.E.
-only surviving record of his views is contained in Plato’s Cleitophon and Book One of The Republic.
Socrates (469-399 B.C.)
Postulated the concept
“ Gnothi Seauton” or Know Thyself
“ Socratic Method” or “Dialectic Method”
Plato (427-347 B.C.)
Society composed of three Distinct Classes:
o Philosophical Class
o Warrior Class
o Artisan or Industrial Class
Plato’s Educational System
Aristotle (384-322 B.C.)
Emphasizes the “Summum Bonum”
Educational Ideals
Aristotle’s Educational System
References:
• http://www.iep.utm.edu/sophists/#SH2a
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophist
• http://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/275648.Socrates
• http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/p/plato.html
• http://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/2192.Aristotle