Wireless Systems
3
WWAN (3G,4G, 5G?)
Low throughput, short range
WLAN (Wi-Fi)
WPAN
WMAN (Wi-Max)
BluetoothRFID
High throughput, short range
Low throughput, Long range
3
New Generation - 5G wireless Networks
In Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt , the World Radiocommunication
Conference (WRC-19) - 28 Oct. to 22 Nov 2019. launched the
5G to work alongside existing 3G and 4G technology.
This satisfy the requirements of Internet of Things (IoT)
Massive connectivity
Coverage
Ultra-low latency
Throughput
Ultra-reliability, etc.
National Telecom Regulatory Authority - EGYPT4
4
Encryption type used in public Wi-Fi
hotspots across the world
9
https://securelist.com/research-on-unsecured-wi-fi-networks-across-the-world/76733/
Wi-Fi Attack Statistics
10
Source: https://www.passcape.com/windows_password_recovery_attack_reports
Public Wi-Fi – a threat to enterprise!
Source: https://www.networkcomputing.com/wireless-infrastructure/public-wifi-risks-worry-it-pros
Employee Use of Public WiFi Networks 12
RFID
Source: https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/radio-frequency-identification-rfid-
market/3660.html
14
IoT Architecture Layers
National Telecom Regulatory Authority - EGYPT17
Application Layer
Middleware Layer
Network Layer
Sensing Layer
17
Sources of Threats in IoT
National Telecom Regulatory Authority - EGYPT18
18
•Node Capturing
•Malicious Code Injection Attack
•Sleep Deprivation Attacks
•Eavesdropping
•False Data Injection Attack
•Booting Attacks
Phishing Site Attack
Access Attack
DDoS Attack
Routing Attack
•Man-in-the-Middle Attack
•SQL Injection Attack
•Cloud Malware Injection
•Flooding Attack in the cloud
• Data Thefts
• Sniffing Attacks
• Reprogram Attacks
Application Layer
Sensing Layer Network Layer
Middleware Layer
Wi-Fi & IoT Attacks Cost
19
Erdal Ozkaya and Milad Aslaner, Hands-on Cybersecurity for Finance,
Packt Publishing, Jan 2019.
Satellite Communication
National Telecom Regulatory Authority - EGYPT
21Source: https://www.everythingrf.com/news/details/8553-SATCOM-Equipment-Market-for-Space-to-be-
Worth-7-0-Billion-by-2025