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ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT:the course in US, European
Union & GreeceAikaterini Yiannoukakou
MSc, PhD cand.
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ELECTRONICGOVERNMENT
The way for governments to use the most
innovative ICTs, particularly web-based Internet
applications, to provide citizens and businesses
with more convenient access to government
information and services, to improve the quality ofthe services and to provide greater opportunities to
participate in democratic process
The core of e-government is about the re-
engineering of operations and transformation of theentire working mentality of public administration's
back office by adopting ICTs
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ELECTRONICGOVERNMENT
The main advantages are: Increased efficiency and effectiveness of public
administration
Reduction of both governmental expenses andtransactional costs of public administration by
eliminating the redundant procedures Supply of a more qualitative and straight-forward
services with 24/7 seamless access
Adoption of a horizontal agency-independent customer-centric model
Amplification of the social capital and the reversal of thepublic opinion regarding the capability of the governmentto solve social problems
The first step is the development of a national policy,legislative and regulatory framework which will lay long-terms measures and actions
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UNITED STATES
Horizontal and vertical separation of powers between
federal, state and local government, each of which
retain its autonomy and agency independency
This separation imposes further complications in
implementing a national-wide e-government policy
US government is considered to be the biggest
producer of government information world-wide, which
has to be used, manipulated and exchanged between
different levels of government First efforts for introducing IT into public administration
date back to the early 1990s
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UNITED STATES
NATIONAL PERFORMANCE REVIEW Report From Red Tape to Results: Creating a
Government that Works Better and Cost Less inSeptember 1993
Objective was to create a government that worksbetter and cost less by empowering employees toput customers first, cutting the red tape that holdsback employees and cutting back to basis
6 main measures of action to be implementedthroughout all levels, where introduced
Supplementary report Re-engineering throughInformation Technology aiming to introduce IT inpublic administration and develop a NationalInformation Infrastructure
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UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PAPERWORKELIMINATION ACT (1998)
Designation the full electronic information
exchange with federal agencies Introduction electronic signatures
Introduction electronic storage and filling ofemployment reports
Enforceability and legal effect of electronicrecords
Electronic Signatures in Global & NationalCommerce Law the e-Sign Law
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UNITED STATES
E-GOVERNMENT ACT (2002)Holistic approach to e-government by
establishing:
Office of E-Government (OEG) E-Government Fund
E-government services and initiatives
Federal Information Security Management Act
Confidential Information Protection & StatisticalEfficiency Act
In 2007 the E-Government Reauthorization Actamended and extended the activities through 2012
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UNITED STATES
OPEN GOVERNMENT DIRECTIVE (2009)
Memorandum on the Transparency and Open
Government (January 2009)
Open Government Directive (December 2009)introducing the 3 principals
Transparency what the Government is doing
Participation public contributing to policy
formulation by stating opinions and ideas Collaboration more efficient cooperation
across government and between public
administration and the stakeholders
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EUROPEAN UNION
eEUROPE INITIATIVES
EU delayed to adopt an e-governement policy
eEurope initiatives (eEurope, eEurope 2002,eEurope 2005 & i2010)
Impementation of ICTs and Internet technologies inall aspects of everyday life
Creation of an inclusive, integrated InformationSociety
Bring Europe to digital age Accelerate the implementation of new economy
based on information society
Level off the disparities amongst Member-States
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EUROPEAN UNION
eEUROPE
December 1999
Aimed to the modernisation of European economy
Main objectives Interconnect every citizen, household, school,
business and administration
Create a compute literate Europe supported by
entrepreneurial mentality Ensure social inclusion
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EUROPEAN UNION
eEUROPE 2002
June 2000
Main objectives
Cheaper, faster, secure Internet Investment in people and skills
Stimulate the Internet use
Specific Government Online action
Exploitation of enhancements of ICTs to makeinformation accessible
Member-States to provide generalised electronic
public services by the end of 2002
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EUROPEAN UNION
eEUROPE 2005 May 2002
Main objectives
Stimulating services, applications and content
Developing broadband infrastructure
Developing IPv6 Internet Protocol
Focusing on security matters
Specific section for e-government
Broadband connection to public administration Interoperability
20 basic public services online
Customisation of legal framework on electronicprocurement
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EUROPEAN UNION
i2010
June 2005
Main objectives
Completion of a Single European InformationSpace
Stregthening Innovation & Investment in ICT
Achieving an Inclusive European InformationSociety
Specific section for e-government to conformnational policies in order to create an pan-europeanInformation Society with impact to economicgrowth, employment and quality of life
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GREECE
Since the mid 1990s, Greece adopted
several Operational Programs which aimed
to the reformation and modernisation of the
public sector All measures and actions should conform
with the initiatives adopted by European
Union
However, the efforts werent always
successful and some of them failed in the
course of implementation.
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GREECE
OP INFORMATION SOCIETY
Introduced in 2000 covering the period 2000-2006
Main objectives
Citizens and quality of life Economic development and human resources
Principals of innovation and entrepreneurship,
democracy and personal freedoms, equal
opportunities and social inclusion E-government Action Line with 9 categories of
specific actions
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GREECE
OP DIGITAL CONVERGENCE
Introduced in 2007 covering the period 2007-2013
Digital Leap
Objectives Productivity enhancements by capitalizing on ICT
ICT and quality of life improvement
March 2010 public deliberation to re-design the initial
strategies Open data and open standards
Interoperability
Cloud computing and data centers
multi-channel distribution
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GREECE
DRAFT BILL ON E-GOVERNMENT
January 2011
First integrated legal attempt on e-government
30 Articles creating a context that determines theresponsibilities and rights of all sides involved as
well as a defined framework on e-government
Still under elaboration with many points to be
clarified and subjected to further regulatory andlegislative definition
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Concluding
US has rushed into providing a national-wide approach to
e-government since the beginning of 1990s
EU delayed in adopting policy initiatives which would guide
Member-States towards an inclusive, integrated
Information Society and level off the differences amongthem in order to accomplish the transformation of the
economy, the society and the culture of Europe
Greece has lacked behind in adopting a policy towards e-
government, and still has a long way to catch up with the
most advanced countries
The interest focuses on how governments can materialise
the constant changing and revolutionary nature of e-
government to accomplish their mission, namely to serve
their citizens with an efficient and effective way
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Thank you for your attention!