EMEP INTENSIVE MEASUREMENT PERIODS IN CLOSE PARTNERSSHIP WITH EU PROJECTS
Wenche Aas , Andres Alastuey, Francesco Canonaco, Fabrizia Cavalli , Franco Lucarelli, Eiko Nemitz, André S.H. Prévôt, Jean-Philippe Putaud, David Simpson, Cathrine Lund Myhre, Xavier Querol, Svetlana Tsyro, Karl Espen Yttri
EMEP intensive measurement periodsTo assist the implementation of the EMEP monitoring strategy. The task force of measurement and modelling (TFMM) has recommended conducting co-ordinated intensive measurements between the Level-2 sites (joint EMEP/GAW supersites). Furthermore, cooperation and involvement of research groups with more advanced research activities (i.e. level 3) has been encouraged
2nd Period17 Sep – 16 Oct 2008 25 Feb – 26 Mar
2009
3rd Period8 to July 12(17) 2012 11 jan - 8 Febr 2013
1 st Period1 - 30 of June 20068 Jan -4 Feb 2007
Outline of this talkSome main results from the different measurement periodshighlight the interlink with research projectsHighlight the importance of infrastructure project to develop harmonized
methodology and reporting guidelines in Europe
Intensive measurements 2006/2007
Data available from 2006/2007
Chemical speciation comparison
Measurements of organic carbon is much higher than modeled, especially in winter
Indications of problems with official emission estimates
Not complete chemical analysis of measurements in Switzerland
Model suggests that mineral dust can be important in the summer
Lessons learnt from the 1. EMEP IMP• Produced a set of valuable data and new possibilities for
validation of the EMEP model, In particular: • size-distribution and formation rates of HNO3 and coarse nitrate• the diurnal variation of ammonia, EMEP model to be coupled to a
dynamic ammonia emission module• underestimation of EC and OC at southern sites, suggesting that
residential wood burning source is underestimated in winter
• Identified several measurement problems• Lack of mineral dust measurements• Biased measurements for nitrogen and carbonaceous matter• Lack of comparability• No standardized reporting format
Improved in future intensive periods
Intensive periods 2008 and 2009
Sites with AMS measurements in the EUCAARI campaigns 2008/2009
Relative organic source contributions (ME-2 results).
EMEP IMP 2008/2009 - The Carbonaceous Aerosol
Source apportionment of the carbonaceous aerosol by using weekly data on EC, OCp, TCp, levoglucosan and the 14C/12C as input for the statistical method Latin Hypecube Sampling (LHS)
Weekly measurement and centralized laboratories and/or harmonized method (i.e EUSAAR-2)
Relative contribution to the carbonaceous fraction in PM10
05.10.09
Winter/spring
Fall
Five predefined subcategories/sources.
Elemental and organic carbon from combustion of
biomass (ECbb and OCbb)
fossil fuel sources (ECff and OCff),
organic carbon from natural sources (OCnf).
Intensive periodes 2012 and 2013June 8 to July 12(7) 2012, and jan/febr 2013 One year measurements with ACSM (from june 2012)High resolution, and extended measurements of aerosols
and its precursors (ACTRIS) while EMEP has a special focus on mineral dust.
A cooperation between • EMEP TFMM (http://www.nilu.no/projects/ccc/tfmm/ • ACTRIS (http://www.actris.net/)• ChArMeX (http://charmex.lsce.ipsl.fr). • EARLINET• Pegasos (http://pegasos.iceht.f orth.gr/
ACTRIS
Distribution of sites
05.10.09
+Armenia
Speciation of PM10, summer 2012
12
1
234
5
6
7
89
10
11
1413
Mineral dust: centralized lab using PIXE – laboratory in Florence. - Scientific lead:
Xavier Querol and Andres Alestuey, CSIC
Inorganic ions (regular EMEP)
Carbonaceous• EC/OC (EMEP + extra)• Carbonate (Lead by JP
Putaud and Fabrizia Cavalli, JRC)
Mineral dust (june 2012)(µg/m3)
Mineral load: obtained by the addition of the SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 concentrations, and the dust contribution of Na2O, K2O, CaO and MgO after the subtraction of their marine contribution from the bulk concentrations
7,2
African dust episodes
7-Jun-12
8-Jun-12
9-Jun-12
10-Jun-12
11-Jun-12
12-Jun-12
13-Jun-12
14-Jun-12
15-Jun-12
16-Jun-12
17-Jun-12
18-Jun-12
19-Jun-12
20-Jun-12
21-Jun-12
22-Jun-12
23-Jun-12
24-Jun-12
25-Jun-12
26-Jun-12
27-Jun-12
28-Jun-12
29-Jun-12
30-Jun-12
1-Jul-1
2
2-Jul-1
2
3-Jul-1
2
4-Jul-1
2
5-Jul-1
2
6-Jul-1
2
7-Jul-1
2
8-Jul-1
2
9-Jul-1
2
10-Jul-1
2
11-Jul-1
2
12-Jul-1
2
13-Jul-1
2
14-Jul-1
2
15-Jul-1
2
16-Jul-1
2
17-Jul-1
20
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
Mineral dustIE31 SE12 SK06MD13 AM01 GB48FR30 CH02 DE44IT01 IT04 GR02ES1778
Min
eral
dus
t ng/
m3
From Lucia Mona –CNR-IMAA, Potenza
Trace metals: fuel oil combustion
Vng/m3
Trace metals: mixed origin
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 80
5
10
15
20
25
f(x) = 2.54532295307559 x − 0.336424643038225R² = 0.717034173162029
Ni ng/m3
V ng
/m3
Ni
Cr
fuel oil combustion
metallurgical origin
Trace metals: traffic originng/m3
Trace metals: coal combustion
Sulphate
fuel oil combustion
coalcombustion
Data quality and quality control• Essential to have harmonized measurements to be
able to do comparison over time and space• Standard operation procedures and reference
methods developed• Regular field and laboratory intercomparison• Reporting guidlines
Monitoring frameworks:Infrastructure projects
Summary The EMEP intensive measurement periods have become an important part of the
monitoring programme Production of high resolution and/or advanced measurement (EUCAARI and ACTRIS). Production of chemical composition data on mineral dust and carbonaceous matter
using comparable field and analytical methodology at a number of regional background sites representative of different European regions
Established reporting guidelines and QA/QC procedures for a range of new components for the EMEP Community (EUSAAR and ACTRIS project central)
Enhanced the cooperation between the research and monitoring communities –win win, co benefit: EMEP benefits from the scientific development and development of reference
methods and reporting Research projects benefits from infrastructure and added value of the data (increased
visibility). Partnership is often a prerequisite to get funding from the Commission Data available at: http://ebas.nilu.no/ Future campaigns are not fixed. Potentially in 2016, though need partnerships