Engaging farmers in surveillanceEngaging farmers in surveillance
Angus CameronAusVet Animal Health ServicesAngus CameronAusVet Animal Health Services
Purposes of surveillance
• Disease present– Occurrence and distribution– Case finding
• Disease absent– Demonstration of freedom– Early detection
Quality standards
• Freedom– Surveillance sensitivity or P(free)
• Occurrence– Precision and bias
• Case finding– Detection proportion
• Early detection– Time to detect, limit of spread
Farmer reporting
• Requirements for early detection and case finding:– Complete coverage of the population– Continuous surveillance
• Conclusion– Farmer reporting is the only practical and
affordable approach • Not just another component • Must be the core of almost all surveillance systems
Common problems with farmer reporting systems
• Under-reporting– Actively hiding disease– Lack of trust
• Slow• Under-reporting• Aggregated data
– Of little use for analysis• Little or no feedback to data providers
Understanding the problems
• Too many farmers and fish, not enough staff– Hierarchical reporting system– Progressive summarisation of data
• Focus on priority diseases– Less attention to routine disease– Draconian response to priority diseases– Weakens relationship, undermines trust
Tackling the problems
• Philosophy• Technical solutions
Philosophical foundation
• Farmers and field staff are key decision-makers
• Positive cost-benefit balance for all data providers
• Not focused on priority disease• Bottom-up design
Technical foundation
• Direct electronic data submission• Atomic data submission• Powerful on-line database• Automated data quality checking• Automated immediate feedback• Automated analysis and reporting• Multi-portal • Performance/price balance
Results – disease reports
Abattoir reporting
SMS Received per hour
SMS sent per week
Key findings
• 30-fold increase in disease reporting– Including priority diseases
• Sustainable– No drop-off in use after one year
• Farmer trust– Farmers report better service and healthier
animals
More information
• YouTube– Search for
• iSIKHNAS - user testimonies• iSIKHNAS - how the system works
• Web– http://wiki.isikhnas.com
• Full system documentation• Indonesian and English
Acknowledgements
• Indonesian funding– DGLAHS
• Team members– M Syibli– Sigit Nurtanto– S Yulianti– CK Yohana– Priyono– RN Muhammad– Soegiarto– and many more…
• Australian funding– AusAID– Department of
Agriculture• Team members
– Jonathan Happold– Albertus Muljono– Catriona Mackenzie– and many more…
Thank you