«EVERYDAY LIFE ISSUE:CONTRADICTION BETWEEN
WORK LIFE AND NON-WORK LIFE»
SERKAN GÜZELPAMUKKALE UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGYDENİZLİ-TURKEY
e-mail: [email protected]
MY PRESENTATION CONSIST OF:
1. SUBJECT IN RELATION TO APPROACHES
2. EVERYDAY LIFE DIVIDED INTO TWO SUBCATEGORIES
3. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK LIFE AND NON-WORK LIFE
4. WHICH OCCUPATION IS MUCH MORE MODERN THAN OTHER(S)?
MACRO ISSUES AND CONCEPTS
MICRO ISSUES AND CONCEPTS
GRAND THEORY MICRO APPROACHES
MODERNISATION LATER PERIOD OF MODERNISATION
STRUCTURE AND ORDER,
INCLUDING CAPITALISM, SOCIALISM
INDIVIDUAL, INTERACTION AND SO ON
MICRO APPROACHES SAY:
EVERYDAY LIFE ISSUE MAY NOT BE EXPLAINED
ONLY WITH MACRO
CONCEPTS
SOCIAL LIFE DO NOT CONSIST OF ONLY THE REALITY OF STRUCTURE
SELF GENERATING MEANINGS SHARED
AMONG INDIVIDUALS
SOCIOLOGISTS BEGAN TO PAY ATTENTION OVER EVERYDAY LIFE
COULD WE FIND SOME
INSTRUMENT?BY WHICH MAY WE EXPLAIN
EVERYDAY LIFE?
MAY IT BE WORK LIFE?
WHAT
IS
EVER
YDAY
LIF
E?
HOW CAN WE
EXPLAIN
EVERYDAY
LIFE?
NOT THE CONCEPT JUST THE WORD OF WORK CONTAINS
SEVERAL MEANINGS DIFFICULTY RESTRICTION
UNWILLINGNESS BOREDOM
PAIN
EXHAUSTING
AGONY
BEFOREREFORMATION
WORKING BECOMES UNIQUE INSTRUMENT WHICH MAY TAKE US TO GOD
AFTER REFORMATION
CAPITAL ACCUMULATION
WORK HARD (LONG TIME AND GAINING
MONEY)
SAVE MONEY
BECAUSE THEY BELIEVE BOTH THEY BECOME CLOSE TO GOD AND
GOD MAY GIVE THEM REMARKABLE
OPPORTUNITIES BY WORKING MORE
WHY MASS LABOUR MOVES
TO WILD LABOUR MARKETS?
EARLYLABOUR
MARKETS
EARLY FACTORY WORKERS
DESPITE LONG WORK TIMES (NEARLY ABOUT 18 HOURS A
DAY)
REFORMATION PROCESS IN WHICH MARTIN LUTHER INTERPRETE THE
BIBLE
MAY BE APPRECIATED
AS AN UNIQUE TOOL
TO FIND ANSWER «WHY MAINSTREAM SOCIETY BECOMES WILLINGNESS TO WORK?»
BY WORKING, SOCIETY GETS AN OPPORTUNITY
TO REACH GOD
GOD MEET THEIR NEEDS
TO SERVE FOR GOD
MATERIAL
PSYCHOLOGICAL
SOCIAL
BEFORE REFORMATION WITH REFORMATION
EXHAUSTINGDIFFICULTY
UNWILLINGNESSPAIN
BOREDOM RESTRICTION
AGONYRESTRICTION
REACH GOD
LET’S COMPARE
NO ONE WANT TO WORK MAINSTREAM SOCIETY BEGAN TO WORK
WHAT IS THE ANSWER OF THE QUESTION OF «WHY WORK?»
EARN LIVING
THIS ANSWER IS NOT ENOUGH FROM SOCIOLOGICAL POINT OF
VIEW
WORK
SOMETHING
OWNEDSOMETHING
ACHIEVEDSOMEWHERE TO
GO
MAKE THE CONCEPT OF WORK EXTRAORDINARY
AS WELL COMPLEX
DIMENSIONS OF THE CONCEPT OF WORK
MATERIAL SOCIAL
WORK SPREAD IN WHOLE EVERYDAY LIFE
PARTICULARLY WITH THE SOCIAL DIMENSION
MAKES SEPERATION BETWEEN WORK AND
NON-WORK ACTIVITIES FAIRLY DIFFICULT
MANY ACTIVITIES INITALLY SEEM WORK MAY NOT BE WOK IN
DETAIL
MANY ACTIVITIES INITALLY NOT SEEM
WORK MAY BE WORK IN REALITY
CLEANING THE CEILING MEETING
THIS MEANS SOMEONE EARN LIVING THROUGHOUT NON-WORK
ACTIVITIES SOMEONE NOT
SCHOOL DIRECTOR WHO PLAY BASKETBALL
BASKETBALL PLAYER
SINGER
PAINTER
LAWYER WHO PAINT
EXECUTIVE WHO SINGING A SONG
BOTH CONCEPTS MAY HAVE DIFFERENT MEANINGS FOR THE PERSONS OF THE SOCIETY
PROFESSSOR
MANAGER
EXECUTIVE
TYPIST
ACCOUNTANT
OCCUPATIONS NOT BEING EASILY RESTRICTED ONLY WITH THE LIMITATIONS
OF WORK LIFE
WHAT CAN YOU SAY ABOUT ALL OF THE ACTIVITIES MENTIONED ABOVE ?
WHI
CH
ON
E IS
W
ORK
?
WHICH ONE IS NOT WORK?
COULD ANYONE SAY NEITHER OF THIS IS
WORKCOULD SOMEONE SAY BOTH OF THEM ARE WORK?
I MEAN FINDING
GOLDEN ANSWERS FOR
THESE QUESTIONS ARE NOT EASY
THE ANSWER GIVEN TO «WHY ARE YOU WORKING?» CONTAINS NON-
WORK LIFE QUALIFICATIONS
I’M WORKING,
BECAUSE I HAVE
TO LIVEWHY ARE YOU
WORKING?
THIS ANSWER IS THE UNIVERSAL AND RATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MEANING OF WORK
THE QUESTION OF «WHAT KIND OF WORK DO YOU
DO?
OFTEN LEAD TO CLOSE FRIENSHIP
INTEGRITY OF WORK LIFE AND NON-WORK LIFE
INTEGRITY OF WORK LIFE AND NON-WORK LIFE
WHAT IS YOUR WORK/JOB/OCCUPATION?
EDUCATION-CULTURE STATUTE-HONOR
INTERESTS-PREFERENCES HOPE-VALUE
OCCUPATIONAL SOCIETIES
NON-WORK LIFE RELATIONS
WORK LIFE RELATIONS
1
32
MEMBERS OF OCCUPATIONAL COMMUNITIES NOT ONLY SEE THEMSELVES IN TERMS OF THEIR OCCUPATIONAL ROLE BUT ALSO
CARRY THEIR WORK RELATIONS INTO NON-WORK LIFE
INTEGRITY OF WORK LIFE AND NON-WORK LIFE
INCOME ATTAINED FROM WORK LIFE HOW SPENT INCOME?
FREEDOM OF SPENDING INCOME INCOME TENDED TO BE
COMSUMPTION
THE ISSUE APPEARS: NOT ONLY SHOPPING BUT ALSO CONSUMING /
SPENDING NON-WORK TIME
INTEGRITY OF WORK LIFE AND NON-WORK LIFE
REACH COMPROMISE THAT CHANGING
QUALIFICATIONS OF WORK LIFE HAVE
DRIVEN SOME PEOPLE TO SEEK
MEANING IN LEISURE
THE NECESSITY AND THE ROLE OF
WORK LIFE DO NOT ALLOW THIS
REPLACEMENT
INCREASING IMPORTANCE OF NON-
WORK LIFE IN EVERYDAY LIFE DOES
NOT MEAN THAT WORK LIFE IS NOT IMPORTANT
ANYMORE
BRAIN STORMING
LET’S CONSIDER ALTERNATIVE WAYS OF EARN LIVING?
APART FROM WORK, HOW CAN WE EARN LIVING?
WHAT IS YOUR ANSWER?
AS PROLETARAIT, BOURGEOISIE ALSO WORKS
INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY
NEW ORGANISATIONSNEW THOUGHTS, ATTITUDES AND
INTERACTION PROCESS WHICH ARE
CONVINIENT TO THESE NEW ORGANISATIONS
INFLUENCES OF MACHINE OVER FACTORY WORKER
QUALIFICATIONS THAT MAKE FACTORY WORKER DEFINITLEY DIFFERENT THAN OTHER
OCCUPATIONS ARE THEIR PERMANENT INTENSIVE INTERACTION WITH MACHINE
MACHINE GIVES FACTORY WORKER QUALIFICATIONS SUCH AS CONTINIUTY, MAINTENANCE, REGULARITY AND PUNCTUANALITY
FACTORY WORKER ALSO CARRY THESE QUALIFICATIONS SUCH AS CONTINIUTY, MAINTENANCE, REGULARITY AND PUNCTUANILITY
INTO THE NON-WORK LIFE CONSCIOUSLY OR UNCONSCIOUSLY
FOR EXAMPLE
FACTORY WORKER WHO ACCUSTOMED
TO PUNCTIONALIT
Y AND RATIONALITY IN
PRODUCTION PROCESS
URGES ALL OF HIS/HER FRIENDS
COMING TO THEIR
APPOINTMENT IN TIME
EVEN IN NON-WORK LIFE
MASS PRODUCTION IN WORK LIFE FORCES FACTORY WORKER TO LIVE
PUNCTUALLY AND RATIONALLY EVEN IN NON-WORK LIFE, AND
THEREFORE IN WHOLE EVERYDAY LIFE
I MEAN
FIRST OF ALL, MAKING DEFINITE SEPERATION BETWEEN WORK LIFE AND NON-WORK
LIFE PARTICULARLY IN HUMAN MIND IS NOT EASY AS SUPPOSED
SECONDLY, IT IS RATHER REASENABLE TO MAKE DIFFERENTATION BETWEEN
WORK LIFE AND NON-WORK LIFE IN POINT OF «PLACE» AND «TIME». HOWEVER, EFFECTS OF EACH DIMENSION ON EACH OTHER COULD
NOT BE NEGLECTED
THIRDLY, UNLIKE MODERNISATION POINTED OUT THAT SOMEONE WHO
WANT TO BE PEACEFULL IN NON-WORK LIFE MUST WORK HARD IN WORK LIFE,
I SUGGEST THAT FORMING ACTIVE AND PEACEFULL EVEYDAY LIFE CLOSELY RELATES WITH DEVELOPING EACH DIMENSION EQUALLY
ACTIVE AND PLANNED NON-WORK LIFE MAY EMPOWER WHOLE EVERYDAY LIFE,
INCLUDING WORK LIFE
AND FACTORY WORKER IS IN ADVANTAGE OF FULFILLING THAT
“DO YOU NOT HAVE
ANY WORK? WHY ARE
YOU SITTING
OVER THERE FREELY?”
TO URGE SOMEONE WHO SIT DOWN FREELY TO DO SOMETHİNG USEFUL
“HEY!I HAVE A LOT OF
WORK TO DO, LET ME SET FREE”
THOSE WHO TRIES TO KILL
OUR CONCENTRATE DURING WORK
“
LOOK AT HIS/HER WORK!
WHAT KIND OF WORK DOES (S)HE IS NOT
CLEAR
DECLARE SOMEONE
WHOSE WORK IS NOT PREFERRED IN MAINSTREAM
SOCIETY
“WHAT ARE YOU DOING RIGHT
NOW?
DO NOT SUPPOSE WHAT YOU DO IS
WORK”
THOSE WHO DOES NOT DO
OWN OR OTHERS WORK
CAREFULLY AND PROPERLY
“WHAT KIND OF WORK DO YOU
DO
WHAT IS YOUR WORK?”
THE QUESTION OF OUR FIANCE’S FATHER WHO TRIES TO GARANTEE HIS DAUGHTER’S FUTURE
……………………………………………………………………………………
…..
THSESE EXAMPLES WILL BE ABLE TO BE INCREASED AS
REGARDS DIFFERENT
CULTURES AND SOCIETIES