AResearchIns,tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Experience with Residential Solar & Electrical
Storage after a Hurricane
DannyParker,FloridaSolarEnergyCenter
November2019
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
PredictedfutureweathershiCfromIPCCReport:
Hurricanesarelocaldisasterthreat,butthereareothers:-Earthquake-Wildfire-IceStorm-Brownout/Blackout
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
OurhomeinCocoaBeach:Whiteroof,Solarhotwater,PV-pumpedpooland6kWPVsystem
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
DailySolarvs.ConsumpSon:2017Outage:Haveit,can’tuseit…
IrmaNoPowerforaweek
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Problems&Headaches
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
InstallaSonoftwoTeslaPowerwall2son22May201913.5kWhea.=27kWhStorage
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
WhatisPowerwallinstallaSon?
TwoPW2s:14kWMax;10kWcon4nuous
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
CostofPowerwall2• Cost:$6,700ea+$1,100gateway• CostoftwoPowerwalls:
– $18,100turnkey– Wouldhavebeen$10,600for
singlePowerwall– Installcosts=$3-4K+
• 6kWPV+Powerwall=$30K:$21KaZertaxcredit– Saves$1000ayear– Reducesemissions
• Context:– Wholehousegeneratorcancost
$15Kinstalled– Savesnothing,needsannual8me&
maintenance,coststooperate,increasesemissions
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
NoPower:ConvenSonalOpSons?• PortableGenerator:$500-$1000
– Upto4000Wout– Refrigerator,lights,chargers– 5gallonsofgas/24hours– Noisy,usesalotoffuel
• InverterGenerator:$1000-$2000– 2000-6000Wout– Refrigerators,lights/chargers– 3-5gallonsoffuel/24hrs– Quieter,cleanerpower,lessfuel
• Danger:Carbonmonoxide• Wholehousegeneratorcost:
$7-$15Kinstalled– Naturalgas,propaneordieselfuel– Requirelargetankfordiesel– Expensiveandrequiremaintenance
• E.g.DieselfueluselessaZer2years
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Wantedtropicaldepressiontotest,notCategory5Dorian!
Moral:BecarefulofWhatyouaskfor…
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
LisaSesdownherboatsinthecarportwiththeTeslaPowerwalls.ShedrivesaFordCmaxEnergiwith20milesofbaaery
range(Level2Chargeronthewall)
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Ourhomeallshuaered:September3rd,2019
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
PowerwallAppshowing2kWbeingproducedbysolar;1.3kWgoingtogridandthehouseelectricloadat0.7kW
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Performanceofsolar,grid,storageandhomeenergysystemson3Septemberashurricaneapproached
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
HurricaneDorianpassesbytheEastCoastofFloridaon4September2019.BluedotmarksourlocaSon
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
MeasuredrooCopwindspeedonSept3-4asHurricaneDorianapproaches
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
4Sept.2019:Performanceofsolar&PowerwallsystemduringHurricaneDorian.Closestapproachat4AM
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Interiortemperature(orange)andrelaSvehumidity(blue)insidehomefromSept-3rd-9th,2019
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Performanceofsolarsystem,homeandPowerwallaCerstorm:September5th
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Home,SolarandPowerwallPerformancefromSeptember3-8,2019
SeptDate
HomekWh SolarkWhPowerwallkWh
GridkWh
From To From To
3 21.7 13.4 0 0.6 14.2 5.3
4 12.7 6.5 3.4 13.2 4.1 0.1
5 21.6 21.5 8.9 14.4 0.2 0.1
6 25.1 24.4 9.8 9.1 0.2 0.2
7 21.5 24.9 11.0 8.5 0.1 0.5
8 23.7 24.5 12.3 1.1 0.1 0.1
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
UsingaLevel1chargerwithsolarthedayaCerHurricaneDoriantoaddrangetoanElectricCar
Level1ChargerAdds5milesrangePerhourwithexcesssolar+2ndAircondi,oner,Laundry&dishwasher
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Disaster?Solar+BaaeriesWork• PV+baderieswork• Costofstorage=$11-$18K• Wholehousebackuppowercosts
$5-$15K+needfuel• Keyishomeefficiency• Withlowpowermini-splitheat
pumps:coolen8rehome• Key:minimizenightloads:LED
ligh8ng,lownigh8mecooling• Helpedbyefficiency
– Heatpumpwaterheaters– Goodwindowsandinsula8on=low
cooling• Possibletooperateindefinitelyby
controllingloads WithPV:PowertoburnwhenPVoutputishigh
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Solar&storage:equityissues• Disasteraffectseveryone• Affordingsolar/storage?• U8li8esprovideincome
dependentrebates?
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
OtherElectricalStorageSystems• Othermanufacturers&baderychemistries
• Outback:Lead-acid/Li-ion• Sonnen:(LiFePO4baderychemistry)– Crestone&Control4EMS
• 16kWh:$22.8K
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
• MostnetmeteringinFL– Retailrate
• Changes:JacksonvilleElectricAuthority(JEA)– Netmeteringwasatretailrate
• $0.105/kWh• Nowincrementalfuelcost$0.0325/kWh
• $2000incen8vetoinstallstoragewithsolar
• Realincen8vetoincreaseself-consump8onofsolar
Solar&ElectricalStorage:ReducedNetMeteringCompensaSon
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Economics:HowdoOpSonsCompare?
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
What’sNeededGoingAhead?• Storagecoststofallsignificantly,butfixedinstallcostshi((~$3-4K)– Complexelectricalchallenge(sub-panel)
– Onesizesfitsone• Emergencyuseofcarbadery(Vehicle-to-House)
• U8lityprogramstoaddressequityissues
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
Solar&ElectricalStorage:Value
• DemandCharges• TimeofUse(TOU)rates
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
WhatDuckCurve?SelfConsumpSonMode
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
HowMuchSolarEachDay?• ~23kWhperday
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
MeasuredhousetotalloadsonThursday,August29th.BlueishouseloadsinkW,whitetogrid,greentoPowerwall,yellowissolaroutput.(Therecurrent
square-wavesinhousepoweristhehomemainrefrigeratorcycling)
FLORIDASOLARENERGYCENTER—AResearchIns8tuteoftheUniversityofCentralFlorida
IncreasingNumberofMajorHurricanes