Final Project Presentation30 & 31 August 2016 | Cork, Ireland
Wave DragonSeaweed Energy Solutions
Wave Energy and Offshore Aquaculture in Wales, UK A MUS example: combined waveenergy converters with a seaweedproducing farm – utilizing the calmwater behind the Wave Dragon
Consortium Description• The consortium will be composed of two companies:Wave DragonSeaweed Energy Solutions (SES)
• The independent organisation, Bellona Foundation will alsobe involved.
Company Profiles
• Wave Dragon is a private Danish/UK based company working towardsthe commercialisation of wave energy converter (WEC) technology toextract electricity directly from ocean waves.
• Seaweed Energy Solutions (SES) is a Norway-based seaweedinnovation and business development company.
• Bellona Foundation is an independent non-profit organization thataims to mitigate against challenges of climate change throughidentifying and implementing sustainable environmental solutions.
Hans Christian Soerensen, PhD, Chairman of the boardErik Friis-Madsen, MSc, CEO
The Wave Dragon technology SES Pilot 2014/15: 100 tons
6
• Flexible system with 16 LLs; 200m each• Innovative substrates; industrial hatchery
Frank Neumann, Technology and Cultivation
AN OCEAN OF OPPORTUNITIES
Illustration: Ocean Forest - no reproduction without written permission
ReservoirWaves overtopping thedoubly curved ramp
The Wave Dragon Principle
Wave climate - Power - Production__12 kW/m 1.5 MW 4 GWh/y/unit24 kW/m 4 MW 12 GWh/y/unit36 kW/m 7 MW 20 GWh/y/unit48 kW/m 12 MW 35 GWh/y/unit
Turbine outlet
Wave reflector
☺ It works! Power delivered to the grid
☺ 20,000 hours operational track record☺ Wave energy absorption performance verified
☺ Offshore wave energy is a reality
Why farm seaweed?
• 50% of the world primary production (phososynthesis)takes place in the sea
• Still 99% of our food energy comes from agriculture onland…
• Seaweed farming is sustainable: no freshwater, land areaor fertilizers are needed (limiting factors on land)
• Wide range of market opportunities for seaweed biomass
• Rapidly increasing interest in seaweed products andseaweed cultivation
“Seaweed is possibly the largestunexploited resource in Europe…”
12
Rough introduction of seaweed market
Total production 28 million ton. Annual growth rate 8-10%.
Market value 8 billion USDMarkets: food (75 %), hydrocolloids (13 %), feed,fertilizers, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and chemicals.
Main production from cultivation in Asia (95%)Commodity Mton/y
Marine fish 73
Seaweed 28
Molluscs 22
Crustaceans 10
Salmonids 4
Markets and applications
13
3. Plant health & nutrition– Growth promoters– Plant defense– Macronutrients (N, P, K)– Micronutrients (Fe, Ca, Cu)– Trace elements
2. Health & nutrition(humans and animals)
– Gut health (fibers, prebiotics)– Immune stimulation– Anti-oxidants– Anti-inflammatory– Anti-biotic– Protein– Vitamins– Minerals– Fatty acids– Skin health (cosmetics)– Animal fur and mucus health– Pharmaceuticals/bioactives
1. Human food– Sea vegetables, snacks– Salt replacement– Flavour– Texturizer
5. Industrial fermentation– Biofuels– Biochemicals– Single cell protein (SCP)
4. Specialty chemicals– Alginate, carrageenan, agar– Alginate derivatives– Mannitol and derivates– Fiber/textiles– Minerals
(Integrated biorefineries)
Dominating the entire cultivation cycle
14
SES Pilot 2015/16: 20 tons final food product SES exposed offshore farming vision(s)
16
Passive survivability design (structures moving likeseaweed)
Two distinct approaches analysed/considered:
Active submergence in storms(wave power with classical farm designs)
• Technical challenges (sea operations; wear onequipment; fewer days with work weather)
• Logistics: longer journey times and expensiveharvest/transport/delivery sequence
Description of projectsPilot project in
Wales1st Commercial
project in Wales2nd Commercial
project; newlocation
3rd commercialproject
WaveDragon
1 WD; 4MW 9 WD; 30MW 9 WD; 30MW 45WD; 180MW
SES 80 tonnes/y 4000 tonnes /y 4000 tonnes/y 20 000 tonnes/y
Key figures3rd commercial project
Wave Dragon 45WD@4MW = 180MW
SES 20 000 tonnes/y
Pay back 4.3 years
IRR 24.4%
• Wave Dragon and SES have solid track records in their fields
• Joint MUS project WD/SES has been initiated upon invitation of MARIBE
• SES can cultivate in areas otherwise difficult to work in or inaccessible
• WD can serve as operational base for (seaweed) aquaculture
• The combined wave energy and aquaculture farm has a significant bettereconomy than stand alone solutions (~10% reduction in levelised cost).
• MARIBE has facilitated significantly the exploration of this MUS, and
provided valuable help and contacts for development of this vision
• A WD/SES pilot seems realistic in Welsh waters within a short time frame,
provided that appropriate funding can be obtained.
Conc
lusio
n Backup slides Wave Dragon
• Wave energy focusing• OvertoppingAbsorption
• Above sea level reservoirStorage
• Low-head variable speed propeller turbines• PM generators & frequency invertersPower-take-off
The Wave Dragon Technology
ReflectorRamp
Reservoir Turbines
Floating Barge + River Hydro Power Station = Wave Dragon
The Wave Dragon Technology
Wave Dragon # 25Erik Friis-Madsen
The Danish Academy of Technical SciencesMeeting on Energy Storage
57 m wide 200 tonnes WaveDragon prototype with 7turbines deployed andconnected to the grid in 2003as worlds first floating WEC
Full scale Wave Dragondevice sizes
Wave energy powerplants – any needfor energy storage?
Turbine operation and power production
Example:• Four power producing turbines in continous
operation• Three dummy turbines handles overtopping
variation 7
5 ,5
4
2 ,5
15 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7
0 %1 0 %2 0 %3 0 %4 0 %5 0 %6 0 %7 0 %8 0 %9 0 %
1 0 0 %
P o w e r
W a v e h e ig h t , s ig n if ic a n t ,m e t e r s
W a v e p e a k p e r io d in s e c o n d s
W a v e D ra g o n p o w e r c u rv e s
4 MW Wave Dragon site Wales
Grid connection
Ship traffic
Wave climate
From the EIA report
How visible is a WD power plant?
Seen from 100 feet above sea level and at a distance of 5km
Under the horizon at a distance of 10km
Wave Dragon # 33Erik Friis-Madsen
The Danish Academy of Technical SciencesMeeting on Energy Storage
1:50 Model test 100 year wave
Wave Dragon # 35Erik Friis-Madsen
The Danish Academy of Technical SciencesMeeting on Energy Storage Cylinder gate turbines running
Wave Dragon # 36Erik Friis-Madsen
The Danish Academy of Technical SciencesMeeting on Energy Storage
Ice and WEC’s is a bad combination!The prototype was designed for a 3 year life time, but was not scrapped until 2011after more than 8 years of operations.
Wave Dragon # 37Erik Friis-Madsen
The Danish Academy of Technical SciencesMeeting on Energy Storage
Animation: LOKE film
Backup slides SES
Large-scale offshore seaweed farming:a missing link in the food & feed chain?
Frank Neumann, Kaia Kjolbø Rød, Diogo Raposo, Luiza Neves, Maren Sæther, Jon FunderudOffshore Mariculture 2016 Conference, Barcelona
• Seaweed introduction to food and feed markets
• State-of the art of offshore seaweed (Kelp) farming in Europe
• IMTA and synergies to other aquaculture activities
Seaweed as functional feed ingredient
40
An emerging market
• Brown seaweeds has a high content ofdietary fibers (laminaran, alginate, cellulose)
• Both soluble and insoluble fibers
• Seaweed as a functional feed ingredient(beneficial for digestion and gastrointestinalhealth)
• Laminaran (branched β-1,3/1,6-glucan) isan immunostimulant
• Several bioactives properties of alginate
• Antibiotics replacement
• Seaweed as a sustainable and local feedingredient
Land plants vs. seaweed cultivation
41Sanggou Bay, China
Mato Grosso, Brazil
Challenges for cultivation in Europe
42
Situation:• Suitable (protected) sites limitedmove
offshore
• High labour cost mechanisation needed
To realize the potential of seaweed biomass, newand innovative cultivation technology is needed…
Exposed waters seaweed farming:
Develop industry in easier waters and graduallymove farther out to sea
• Technically possible – shown in Frøya and Portugal• Forces and wear on the equipment• Need for new designs (structures/equipment)• Operation and Safety - fewer work days at sea• Logistics – transport and fuel; buffer storage
Stepping-stone: IMTA
43
• BioremediationResidual nutrients capture (seaweed as a biofilter in integrated aquaculture;large part (50%?) of the feed nutrients are lost in the sea)
• Recreation of the natural ecologic processes (increased biodiversity)Attracts marine life, provide shelter and habitat
www.salmonfarmscience.com
• Positive effect on seaweedBetter growth of the seaweeds close to
the fish farms (nutrient availability)
Aquaculture Technology
Logistics and Operations
Obvious synergiesof salmon
farming andseaweed!
¡Gracias!
44
Large challenges ahead…“One company cannot solve this alone” – need to work together
www.seaweedenergysolutions.com