FLOORING
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION FLOORING MATERIAL FLOORING TYPES PROCESS OF FLOORING SELECTION OF FLOORING MATERIAL FLOORING TOOLS ISSUES WITH FLOORING
INTRODUCTION Flooring is the general term for a
permanent covering of floor, or for the work of installing a floor covering.
Floor covering is a term to generically describe any finish material applied over a floor structure to provide a walking surface.
Materials almost always classified as floor covering include carpet, area rugs, and resilient flooring such as linoleum or vinyl flooring.
Materials commonly called flooring include wood flooring, ceramic tile, stone, terrazzo, and various seamless chemical floor coatings.
FLOORING MATERIALS
The choice of material for floor covering is affected by factors such as cost, endurance, noise insulation, comfort and cleaning effort.
Some types of flooring must not be installed below grade (lower than ground level), and laminate or hardwood should be avoided where there may be moisture or condensation.
The sub-floor may be finished in a way that makes it usable without any extra work.
FLOORING TYPES FLOORING MATERIAL
Hard flooring Wood Stone Tile
Soft flooring
Carpet Rugs resilient
Soft coverings Wood flooring Resilient flooring Hard flooring Seamless
chemical flooring
PROCESS OF FLOORING Surface preparation is a critical step to ensure proper
installation of your NATURE STONE floor — and we’ll take care of it for you. We will remove dirt, oils, grease, paint, tiles and carpet from your concrete floor prior to installing your new NATURE STONE floor covering.
If your existing concrete floor has cracks and unevenness, we resin weld affected areas to reinforce and correct the gaps to assure a beautiful, even NATURE STONE floor covering.
After completing the preparation work, mixers on our trucks blend the special epoxy and stones, which our installers then trowel by hand over the existing concrete floor to ensure quality control and a uniform appearance.
The result: beautiful, long-lasting NATURE STONE flooring for garage, basement, outdoor and commercial applications.
SELCTION OF FLOORING MATERIAL
depends upon below factors:
• Initial Cost• Appearance• Cleanliness• Durability• Damp Resistance• Sound Insulation• Thermal Insulation• Fire Resistance• Smoothness• Hardness• Maintenance
SOFT COVERING
• Carpet is a floor covering woven or felted from natural or man-made fibre.
• Fitted carpet is attached to the floor structure, extends wall-to-wall, and cannot be moved from place to place.
• Rugs are smaller than the room in which they are located and are generally placed over the wood flooring.
• They may be attached to the flooring below by adhesive or other methods.
WOOD FLOORING• Many different species of
wood are fabricated into wood flooring in two primary forms: plank and parquet.
• Hardwoods are typically much more durable than softwoods.
• Laminate is a floor covering that appears similar to hardwood but is made with a plywood or medium density fibreboard ("MDF") core with a plastic laminate top layer.
• Bamboo flooring is a floor manufactured from the bamboo plant and is a type of hardwood flooring, though technically not a wood.
HARD WOOD FLOORING
RESILIENT FLOORING
Resilient flooring is made of material that has some elasticity.
It includes many different manufactured products including linoleum, sheet vinyl, vinyl composition tile (VCT), cork (sheet or tile), rubber, and others.
GLAZED TILES
New technologies are emerging since 2004 to produce hard floorings having the ability to light up when needed these tiles are called Glazed tiles.
TILES FLOORING
HARD FLOORING
Ceramic tile includes a wide variety of clay products fired into thin units which are set in beds of mortar or mastic with the joints between tiles grouted.
Varieties include quarry tile, porcelain tile , terracotta tile, and others.
SEAMLESS CHEMICAL FLOORING
Many different seamless flooring materials are available. These are usually latex, polyester, urethane or epoxy compounds which are applied in liquid form to provide a completely seamless floor covering.
These are usually found in wet areas such as laboratories or food processing plants.
EXAMPLES OF BRICK FLOORING
RUBBER FLOORING
It consists of sheets or tiles of rubber, in variety of patterns and colours with thickness varying from 3 to 10 mm.
The sheets are fixed to the concrete floor with the help of appropriate adhesives.
Rubber floorings are resilient and noise proof.
They are costly, hence used in public buildings or offices
VINYL FLOORING
FLOORING TOOLS
Special tools used for flooring include:
Flooring clamp, a clamp for tongue-and-groove floors while nailing
Knee kicker, used to position carpets precisely and stretch small areas, like steps
Concrete moisture meter used to check a concrete floor before laying flooring on top
ISSUES WITH FLOORING
Wood floors, particularly older ones, will tend to 'squeak' in certain places.
This is caused by the wood rubbing against other wood, usually at a joint of the subfloor.
Firmly securing the pieces to each other with screws or nails will remove this problem.
Concrete floors are usually so solid they do not have this problem, but are also much more expensive to construct, and much heavier, resulting in further requirements regarding the structure of the building.
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