Smart Information for a Sustainable World
11/3/2011
GIS Data Assessment for DMS and Smart Grid Implementation
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Esri EGUG11 October 2011
John Dirkman, P.E.Telvent
Smart Information for a Sustainable World
Agenda1. Determining your Distribution Management System and
Smart Grid Drivers2. Source Data Preparation3. Communications and Security
Where are you going?How do you get there?How do you survive the trip?
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11/3/2011
Smart Grid DriversWhere are you going?
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Key Business Problems for Utilities
Reliability of service
Peak demand reduction
Utility cost savings
Conservation voltage reduction
Customer demand response
Sustainability
Renewable energy
Electric vehicles
Customer Choice
Other, please specify
Source: TUG 2011 Survey
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Projects Under Consideration
Source: TUG 2011 Survey
Distribution Automation (field automatedswitching)
Automated Volt/Var Control
Intelligent field devices and sensors
OMS and DMS as one combined solution
Customer Demand Response
Customer Energy Portal
Distributed Generation
Electric Vehicles
Predictive maintenance
Other
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DMS and SG BenefitsImprovement methods (using DMS)
Control of measurement devices and connections Anonymous denunciation
DMS - Location of Commercial Losses
Gauging, new meters and MDMS
DMS - Optimal Network ReconfigurationDMS - Volt/VAR Control
DMS - Network Development and ReconstructionDMS - Load Shedding DMS - FLISR
LV network (1-3%)
Substation HV/MV (1%)Dist transform MV/LV
(1-1.5 %)
MV network (1-3%)
Theft and Unmeasured Energy (3-5%)
Meter System (1-2%)
Billing System (1%)
(10-15%) Cause
(5-8%)
Tech
nica
l C
omm
erci
al
Improvement of reading and billing system
DMS - Low Voltage Analysis
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DMS Applications
Basic – Mandatory1. Network Model2. Topology Analyzer3. State Estimation4. Load Flow Calculation5. Performance Indices
Dispatching1. Fault Location2. Fault Isolation3. Supply Restoration4. Large Area Restoration5. Switching Sequence Management6. Under Load Switching7. Return to Normal State8. Temporary Elements9. Work Order/Switching Proc Mgmt10. Incident Management11. Load Shedding12. Thermal Monitoring13. Short-Term Operation Simulation14. Low Voltage Analysis
Operations1. Voltage Control2. VAR Control3. Volt/VAR Control (Closed Loop)4. Voltage/Power Reduction5. Optimal Network Reconfiguratn6. Near-Term Load Forecasting7. Short-Term Load Forecasting8. Load Management9. Operation Improvement10. PHEV Management
Analysis1. Energy Losses2. Operational Losses3. Reliability Analysis4. Fault Calculation5. Relay Protection6. Breaker/Fuse Capacity7. Contingency/Security Assessmnt8. Motor Start9. Harmonic Analysis10. Historical Analysis
Planning1. Medium Term Load Forecasting2. Long Term Load Forecasting3. Network Planning4. Network Automation5. Capacitor Placement6. RTU/Sensor Placement7. Network Reinforcement8. Voltage Regulator Placement9. Asset Management10. DG Monitoring and Control11. Network Scanner
Additional Functions1. Peer-to-Peer FLISR2. Meshed Low Voltage Networks3. DMS Mobile SSM
Training1. Dispatcher Training Simulator
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DMS Applications
Basic – Mandatory1. Network Model2. Topology Analyzer3. State Estimation4. Load Flow Calculation5. Performance Indices
Dispatching1. Fault Location2. Fault Isolation3. Supply Restoration4. Large Area Restoration5. Switching Sequence
Management6. Under Load Switching7. Return to Normal State8. Temporary Elements9. Work Order/Switching Proc Mgmt10. Incident Management11. Load Shedding12. Thermal Monitoring13. Short-Term Operation Simulation14. Low Voltage Analysis
Operations1. Voltage Control2. VAR Control3. Volt/VAR Control (Closed Loop)4. Voltage/Power Reduction5. Optimal Network Reconfiguratn6. Near-Term Load Forecasting7. Short-Term Load Forecasting8. Load Management9. Operation Improvement10. PHEV Management
Analysis1. Energy Losses2. Operational Losses3. Reliability Analysis4. Fault Calculation5. Relay Protection6. Breaker/Fuse Capacity7. Contingency/Security Assessmnt8. Motor Start9. Harmonic Analysis10. Historical Analysis
Planning1. Medium Term Load
Forecasting2. Long Term Load Forecasting3. Network Planning4. Network Automation5. Capacitor Placement6. RTU/Sensor Placement7. Network Reinforcement8. Voltage Regulator Placement9. Asset Management10. DG Monitoring and Control11. Network Scanner
Additional Functions1. Peer-to-Peer FLISR2. Meshed Low Voltage Networks3. DMS Mobile SSM
Training1. Dispatcher Training Simulator
Match Business Drivers with Project Drivers and DMS Applications
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11/3/2011
Source Data PreparationHow do you get there?
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GIS Readiness
ESRI survey of 226 utility companies on Smart Grid Readiness
Lag between work completion and GIS Age of oldest outstanding work order
Recommendation: Use GIS-based design and mobile GIS: Designer, ArcFM Mobile
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GIS Readiness
GIS data completeness
GIS data accuracy
Recommendation: Use a systematic process to improve accuracy and completeness
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Increased Importance of QualitySmart Grid applications assume data from the GIS is complete, correct, and current
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GIS Data Quality Problems
1. Transformer/customer connectivity2. Phase mismatches:
a. where phase changes between conductors (e.g. A to B, etc.) b. devices/conductors where phase is null c. devices and conductors that are in unintentional loops or multi-feeds
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GIS Data Quality Problems
3. Voltage mismatches:a. where conductor voltage changes without a tap or transformer b. devices/conductors where voltage is null c. devices that have a different voltage than their connected conductors
4. Devices with null or duplicate ID’s (switches especially)
5. Disconnected devices or conductors
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Feeder Manager Phase MismatchLabeltext Expression:http://resources.arcfmsolution.com/
FindDisconnected
Trace
GIS Readiness
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The Geometric NetworkMust be a geometric network with accurate connectivity
You can get business value from a Geodatabase without a complete or accurate networkYou can’t get value from supporting Smart Grid apps without a complete and accurate network
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Types of ErrorsInvalid feature geometries
Multi-part geometriesClosed polylinesSelf-intersectingpolylines
Rebuild ConnectivityRepair ConnectivityVerify ConnectivityVerify Network Feature Geometry
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Types of ErrorsInvalid Network Configurations
IslandsLoopsMulti-feeds
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Types of ErrorsInvalid Feature Attributes
Phase InconsistencyVoltage Inconsistency
Distribution XFRHV 4.16 kVLV Unk
12.5kV
Step XFRHV 12.5 kVLV Unk
4.16 kv
120/240 v
Step XFR
Distribution XFR
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ArcFM AutoupdatersArcFM Auto Phase Assign
Returns a phase designation for a point feature when placed within a search tolerance of a conductor or when the point feature is updated.
ArcFM Length DoubleUpdates the Measured Length field with the value in the Shape.Len field.
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ArcFM AutoupdatersArcFM Connect Network Feature
Connects a point feature to the network when it is not currently part of the network and is moved to snap to another network feature.
ArcFM Inherit Operating VoltagePopulates the operating voltage field of the incoming object with the value of the feature to which the object is connecting.
All Feeder Manager Autoupdaters
ArcFM Phase Swap – can be used to correct phase data
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ArcFM Validation RulesElectric Connectivity
This object validation rule ensures that electric features are properly connected. For example, transformers and other devices must be connected to conductors or busbars and service points must be connected to secondary conductors. Conductors should be connected to other conductors.
Feeder Info and Trace Weight ComparisonThis object validation rule compares the trace weight value to the Feeder Info field setting to verify that both fields have the same phases energized.
Phase on Transformer BankThis field validation rule ensures that the phase value of a transformer is a subset of a connected primary conductor.
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QA with Geodatabase Manager
QA can also be invoked as a “action” within an application like Geodatabase Manager
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DMS Data Import QA/QCDevice connectivityVoltage inconsistenciesPhase inconsistenciesInvalid catalog dataZero-length conductorsDevices at three-way intersectionsIncomplete data - missing required attributes
Example error messages:“ERROR: Phases of transformer (FacilityID= '520309') are inconsistent with phases of its associated primary lines”“ERROR: Equipment is not connected to the network. Equipment: Transformer, FacilityID= ‘243891')”“ERROR: Type of switch (FacilityID= ‘184103') is null”
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DMS Internal QA/QCDMS is then used for further data validation:
Data within expected rangesOverloaded devicesLow voltagesErrors due to phase imbalance, incorrect connectivity, or incorrect
conductor lengthsExpected results from
running DMS functions
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Required DMS Data
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Catalog Data
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Equipment Catalog
BankDevice BankDevice + ObjectID: Integer+ FeederID: String+ FacilityID: String+ Phase: PhaseDomain+ <other attributes>
Unit Unit + ObjectID: Integer+ BankOID: Integer+ Phase: PhaseDomain+ Mfg: String+ Model: String+ <other attributes>
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*Examples:• Transformers• Fuses• Switchs• Capacitors• Dynamic Protective Devices• Conductors
GIS Model
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Equipment Catalog
BankDevice BankDevice + ObjectID: Integer+ FeederID: String+ FacilityID: String+ Phase: PhaseDomain+ <other attributes>
UnitUnit+ ObjectID: Integer+ BankOID: Integer+ Phase: PhaseDomain+ Mfg: String+ Model: String+ <other attributes>
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*
CatalogCatalog+ CatID: String+ <properties>
*
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DeviceDevice+ InstanceID: String+ FeederID: String+ FacilityID: String+ Phase: String+ CatID: String
Determine where to store the Catalog ID
Multispeak: use EquipmentIDArcFM: use CatalogID
GIS ModelDMS Model
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Catalog ID – Option 1
BankDeviceBankDevice+ ObjectID: Integer+ FeederID: String+ FacilityID: String+ Phase: PhaseDomain+ CatID: String+ <other attributes>
Unit Unit + ObjectID: Integer+ BankOID: Integer+ Phase: PhaseDomain+ Mfg: String+ Model: String+ <other attributes>
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*
CatalogCatalog+ CatID: String+ <properties>
*
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DeviceDevice+ InstanceID: String+ FeederID: String+ FacilityID: String+ Phase: String+ CatID: String
Add Catalog ID attribute to GIS device classes• Define as default value
associated with a subtype• Maintain with edit events
(auto-updaters)
GIS ModelDMS Model
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Catalog ID – Option 2
BankDeviceBankDevice+ ObjectID: Integer+ FeederID: String+ FacilityID: String+ Phase: PhaseDomain+ <other attributes>
UnitUnit+ ObjectID: Integer+ BankOID: Integer+ Phase: PhaseDomain+ Mfg: String+ Model: String+ <other attributes>
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*
CatalogCatalog+ CatID: String+ <properties>
*
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DeviceDevice+ InstanceID: String+ FeederID: String+ FacilityID: String+ Phase: String+ CatID: String
Correspondence Correspondence + CatID: String+ DeviceType: String+ <Attr1>: String+ <AttrN>: String
Correspondence Table• And custom interface code
GIS ModelDMS Model
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Consumer Groups
Consumer loads aggregated into groups per transformerGroups can be generated from load data or tied to SCADA or AMI
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Expectations about StatesDMS will need to track “soon to be constructed/ energized” featuresEnergization can occur in DMS
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DMS Model Promotion
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Substation Internals
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Load Forecasting 90% of demand variation due to weather
Wind PowerHighly variable, difficult to predict.Causes increases in spinning reserve generation and risk of grid instability
Weather imposes the largest external impact on the Smart GridDemand, renewable energy supply, and outages are heavily influenced by weatherIntelligent weather integration is the key factor in efficient Smart Grid management
TransmissionTemperature, humidity and wind impact line capacity
DistributionWeather is largest cause of outages (lightning, high winds, ice, transformer failures due to high load, etc.)
Distributed GenerationHome solar contributions can cause system instability due to rapid cloud cover changes
TradingImproved prediction of load and renewable energy contribution improves trading decisions
Weather Intelligence for SG
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11/3/2011
Communications and Security
How do you survive the trip?
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Distribution Operations Center
Communications Networks
Generation Transmission/Subtransmission
Substation
Distribution
AGC EMSEnergy Trading
DMS/SCADADA AMI
Digital NetworkEnergy Control Center
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Communications RequirementsUtilities must collect the data and timing
requirements: 1. Determine data and timing requirements2. Data for analysis, forecasting, control3. Monitor data - manage data - act on data4. Factor in security requirements and security
overhead5. Determine requirements to support bidirectional
power flow
CapgeminiFeb 24, 2009© 2009 SmartGridNews
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Communications Selection DriversAvailability of public/private wireless networksFundingApplication requirementsUtility maintenance and support capabilitiesTime to implement
SubstationsLeased CircuitsLicensed RadioFiber OpticsSatellite (V-SAT)
Field DevicesLicensed RadioUnlicensed Radio
Point to PointWireless Mesh
Satellite (LEOS)
MetersCellularDial-upHandheld WirelessDrive-by Wireless
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SecuritySecurity planning and hardening is essentialCollaborate on security Many devices, many protocols, many vendorsMany system integrations
different security requirementsdifferent levels of integration
Many standardsNISTIR 7628 (Sep 2009, 278 pgs)
Technical and PrescriptiveGoal: Security Strategy for Prevention, Response, and Recovery
NERC CIPIEEEIEC
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SummaryDetermine your Smart Grid and DMS Business DriversWork to improve quality and timeliness of GIS dataPrepare additional data sourcesDetermine methods for communications and security
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11/3/2011
Questions? Thank You!
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Esri EGUG11 October 2011
John Dirkman, P.E.Telvent