Interest GroupsInterest Groups
Lobbying3 point clue
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The act of trying to influence the votes of a legislative body
To urge the passage of a bill, or any change in public policy, by changing the mind of legislators
How a lobbyist does gets his message across
Initiative3 point clue
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A method that allows for citizens to change legislation.
Can be used directly or indirectly
A piece of legislation proposed by the people and voted on by either the citizens of legislators
Faction3 point clue
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The main concern addressed in the Federalist No. 10.
Our founding fathers felt that too many of these take power away from the central government
Minority sub-groups within a larger group
PAC3 point clue
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Committees dedicated to funding political campaingns
Commitees regulated by the Federal Election Commitee
Can make a maximum donation of $5000 dollars to a candidate
ACLU3 point clue
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Prominent civil liberty interest group
Filed an amicus curaie brief in the case of Brown v Board of Education
Has over 500,000 members and was founded in 1920
Litigation3 point clue
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Ex. Brown v. Board
The process of going through the legal system
A lawsuit
NAACP3 point clue
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1 point clueIts purpose is to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination
Founded in 1909 and has over 300,000
Prominent civil rights and equality interest group
Influence Peddling3 point clue
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Governor of Illinois was accused of this for attempting to sell Obama’s vacant senate seat
Illegal use of government position to obtain favors of preferential treatment
Also called traffic of influence
Buckley v Valeo3 point clue
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Supreme court case in which federal limists on financing were upheld
Important campaign finance case
Established personal financing for a campaign as free speech
Card Stacking3 point clue
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One-Sided Propoganda
Attempts to manipulate audience by overepresenting one side of an argument
Gets its name from magicians who “stack the deck “ in order to perform a trick
Lobbyist3 point clue
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Came about in the 17th century to refer to a large anteroom near the English House of Commons
Met members of Congress right outside the chambers of the House and the Senate to argue their cause
A person attempting to influence government decisions on behalf of the group
Solidary Incentive3 point clue
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The League of Women Voters, the Parent Teacher Association and the NAACP are examples
Only available from face-to-face contact
Sense of pleasure, status, or companionship that arises out of meeting together in a small group
Ideological Interest Groups
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One of the most common types of interest groups
Organizations that attract members by appealing to their interest in a coherent set of controversial principles
Ideal interest group
Ratings3 point clue
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Political cues are made known by this word
Compiled regularly by the AFL-CIO
An assessment of a representative’s voting record on issues important to an interest group. Such ratings are designed to generate public support for or opposition to legislator
Soft Money3 point clue
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Funds solicited from individuals, corporations, and unions that are spent on party activities, such as voter-registration campaigns and voting drives, rather than on behalf of a specific candidate
McCain-Feingold Act
Non-regulated
NRA3 point clue
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Very powerful interest group founded in 1871
A group dedicated to shooting instruction
National Rifle Association
Amicus Curiae3 point clue
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Used in Bakke v. University of California medical school
Written brief or oral argument
“friend of the court”
Public-InterestLobby
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These groups can be described as markedly liberal or decidedly conservatively in outlook
Pursues relatively noncontroversial goals like persuading people to vote or raise money to house orphans
A political organization the stated goals of or principle from which will principally benefit non members
Revolving Door3 point clue
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May give private interests a way of improperly influencing government decisions.
Very scandalous for the government
Leaving important jobs in the federal government to take more lucrative private jobs
Material Incentive3 point clue
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Style of persuasion used by interest groups that is controversial
The case of Buckly V. Valeo deals with this idea
A material return for political reaction
Hard Money3 point clue
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Regulated my the FEC
The only legal type of donation under the Campaign Finance Reform Act of 2002
Limited amount of money that can be directly donated to a candidate
Sierra Club3 point clue
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Interest group that lobbies for environmental concerns
Protest at environmentally sensitive areas to change policy
Shares a name with a mountain range in CA
Grass Roots Mobilization3 point clue
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Not an insider strategy
Effective because of fast technology
Style of lobbying where people contact politicians rather than the lobbyists
Issue Networks3 point clue
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Used by lobbying groups to persuade public opinion
They form around specific issues
A collation of groups who unite to change policy
Open Shop3 point clue
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Everyone can work but for different pay
Used as a tool by unions to encourage membership
Free labor choices
Bundling3 point clue
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Tactic used by political action committees to raise money
Gives them influence with a candidate
Many donations are used and presented as one
Issue Advocacy3 point clue
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Unlimited spending by a PAC
Does not use the words “vote for” or “vote against”
Cannot/does not mention candidates by name
527 Organizations3 point clue
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Moveon.org is a popular example
Their name relates to their tax status
Group that can run unlimited advertising with few restrictions
Leadership PAC3 point clue
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One candidate supporting another
Contributions move from one candidate to another via this
A group formed by a candidate of office holder to move money
Federal Regulationof Lobbying Act
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Requires groups and individuals seeking to influence legislation to register with the secretary of the Senate and the clerk of the House and to file quarterly financial reports
Revised in 1995 to tighten up the registration and disclosure requirements
Had little practical effect
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