History Mindset
What is the definition of revolution?
Industrial Revolution
“Blood, Sweat, & Gears”
What do you notice?
Main Idea
Industrial Revolution: A gradual shift in the way people lived and worked.
Production shifted from hand tools to machines.
Beginning
The Industrial Revolution began in ENGLAND around 1750 and spread to the rest of Western Europe and the United States.
Why England?
Because England has what it takes to industrialize… natural resources, energy
sources, money, people, stable government….
Why England?
1. Natural Resources: England has large supply of coal and iron ore
Why England
2. Location: An island easy access to the sea, many natural harbors and navigable rivers
Why England?
3. Wealth: Church of England encouraged wealth so entrepreneurs (people who invested in new businesses) had money to invest in new inventions
Why England?
4. Workers
Enclosure Movement: Landlords fenced-in their lands and replaced people with sheep
Enclosure Movement
Process of enclosure sped up in the 1700s because farmers wanted to take advantage of new farming methods
BEFORE the Industrial RevolutionAgricultural Revolution:
improvements in farming methods that occurred before the IR
Crop Rotation improved soil fertility Improved Agricultural created a
surplus of food, which led to a population increase more people to work!
BEFORE the Industrial RevolutionCottage Industries:
People made things by hand at home
People supported themselves, self- sufficient
More people live in rural (country settings)
Early Industrial RevolutionThe first industry to
industrialize is the TEXTILE industry
Due to machines that make clothing
1764: Hargreaves invents Spinning Jenny, work 8 threads at once
Why Britain?
Industrialization needs a large labor supply. A better food supply led to the biggest population growth: 1680-1820: pop. doubled!
This increased demand for manufactured goods.
Agricultural productivity increased because of enclosure: farmers could make land more productive, introduced new crops
In order to industrialize, a nation musta democratic government a large amount of natural
resources a existing wealth an adequate food supply
Inventions of the Industrial
Revolution
Main Idea
• Advancements in technology produced the Industrial Revolution, while advancements in science and medicine altered the lives of people living in the new industrial cities. Cultural changes soon followed.
James HargreavesInvented the Spinning Jenny
James Watt
Invented the STEAM ENGINE
Eli Whitney
Invented the COTTON GIN
Peak of Industrialization (mid 1800s)
More inventions such as steel and iron
More things are made by machines
Factories develop (a large building in which machinery is used to manufacture goods)
More people move to the city
Result of the Industrial Revolutionconcentration of workers in
urban areas increased desire of the wealthy
class to share its power formation of powerful craft
guilds control of agricultural
production by governments
Results of Industrial Revolution
1. Urbanization: building of cities and people moving to cities
2. Population increase
3. Increased standards of living for many but not all
4. Increased education
Results of Industrial Revolution5.Environmental pollution
Air and water
Results of Industrial Revolution6. Dissatisfaction of working
class with working conditions
7. Growth of the middle class (social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business-people, and wealthy farmers)
Results of Industrial Revolution8. Improved transportation
Invention of cars, trains, steam boats…. Steam engine revolutionized
transportation, factories and improved iron production
BIG Effect of Industrial Revolution As countries used up their own natural resources
there was an increased demand for raw materials from the Americas, Asia, and Africa.
IMPERIALISM