Imperialism: Imperialism: American StyleAmerican Style
U.S. Foreign Policy at the Turn of the
Century
Essential Question:
How and why did the United States take a more active role in world affairs?
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Imperialism
Expansion by acquiring ownership /control over colonial areas/protectorates for economic, military, religious, or nationalist reasons.
Reasons for…
Invest surplus capital– ½ Billion by 1900
Obtain raw materials Control Export Markets Establish naval and military bases Send missionaries to make converts Compete for world power
Philosophy of American Imperialism
Monroe Doctrine, 1823 Manifest Destiny, 1840’s Political Darwinism Racial Superiority Spread of Democracy Roosevelt Corollary—hemisphere policemen Building World Class Navy
Influence of Sea Power Upon History
Book by Alfred T. Mahan– President of Naval War College,
1885– Thesis—the great imperial nations
of the past had gained their power & prestige through naval supremacy
1880 fleet—142 wooden vessels 1900 fleet—3rd in world
U.S. Territorial AcquisitionsAlaska, 1867—Seward’s Ice BoxMidway Islands, 1867American Samoa, 1878Annexation of Hawaii, 1893-1898
– Naval Base at Pearl Harbor, 1878– Queen Liliuokalani– Dole Revolution– Republic then annexation
U.S. Foreign Policy
Perry Ends Japanese Isolationism, 1853
Hay’s Open Door Policy with China, 1898
Spanish American War, 1898
T.R.’s Big Stick Diplomacy
U.S. Instigated Revolt in Panama, 1904 Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy in L.A, 1909 Completion of Panama Canal, 1914
Causes: Spanish American WarAmerican investments & tariffsCuban revolutionariesThe Butcher-General Valeriano
WeylerYellow JournalismDe Lome LetterRemember the Maine!
Effects of War Cuban Independence, but Platt Amendment Annexation of
Philippines, but Filipino Insurrection Acquisition of Puerto
Rico & Guam Growth of Nationalism