• #include<iostream>• #include<conio>• int main(){• int base,power,result=1;• cout<<"Plz enter base --> ";• cin>>base;• cout<<"Plz enter power --> ";• cin>>power;• for(int i=0;i<power;i++)• result=result*base;• cout<<"\nThe result is: "<<result;• getch();• return 0;• }
do-while Loopdo-while Loop• The structure of do-while loop can be
defined as:• do{• statement;• statement;• } while(condition);
Nested LoopsNested Loops• We can use loops inside loop body• Lot of care is needed in this type of
structure• First inner loop complete its iteration
and then control shift to outer one, this process continues till end
• #include<conio>• #include<iostream>• int main(){• for(int i=0;i<5;i++){• for(int j=0;j<5;j++){• cout<<"*";• }• cout<<"\n";• }• getch();• return 0;• }
#include<conio>
#include<iostream>
int main(){
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++){
for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
cout<<"*";
cout<<endl;
}
getch();
return 0;}
#include<conio>
#include<iostream>
int main(){
for(int i=10;i>=0;i--){
for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
cout<<"*";
cout<<endl;
}
getch();
return 0;
}
ReviewReview• Input and Output• Variable(type,space,range)• Operators
Arithmetic,Relational,Logical,Ternary,Unary operators
• Selective Flow Single,Double,Multiple
• Iterative Flow while loop, for loop, do-while loop
FunctionsFunctions• #include<iostream>• #include<iostream>• int main(){• clrscr();• cout<<“Good Luck”;• getch();• return 0• }
Program Writing StyleProgram Writing StyleStructured Approach• Action oriented approach• Consist of blocks(function)Object Oriented Approach• Consist of classes• Class is an type
object(action+qualities)
User-defined FunctionsUser-defined Functions return-value-type function-name(parameter-list)
{ declarations and statements}• Return-Type: No(void) return or type• Function-name: Any(identifier rules)• Parameter: No(void) or no. of
parameters with types
Simple FunctionSimple Function void line(){ for(int i=0;i<45;i++) cout<<“*”; cout<<endl; }
No Return Name No Parameter
Using FunctionUsing Function• Three important thing should be in
min when we use functions in main function
1. Function Definition: It is just body of function which is
below the main2. Function declaration3. Function call
Using FunctionUsing Function
Function Definition
Function Call
Function Declaration
• #include<conio>• #include<iostream>• void line();• void hash();• void dash();• int main(){• dash();• for(int i=0;i<5;i++)• line();• dash();• for(int i=0;i<5;i++)• hash();• getch();• return 0;• }
• void line(){• for(int i=0;i<45;i++)• cout<<"*";• cout<<endl;• }• void hash(){• for(int i=0;i<45;i++)• cout<<"#";• cout<<endl;• }• void dash(){• for(int i=0;i<45;i++)• cout<<"-";• cout<<endl;• }
Passing Values To functionsPassing Values To functions• We can pass any type of value to
function• We have to define the data type of
the values • During function call we send on those
values which a function can accept
Passing Values To functionsPassing Values To functions
ProblemProblem
Write a function which takes three integers as parameters and display the smallest integer
• #include<conio>• #include<iostream>• void small(int,int,int );• int main(){• small(123,135,140);• getch();• return 0;• }• void small(int a,int b,int c){• int small=a;• if(b<small)• small=b;• if(c<small)• small=c;• cout<<"Samll is:"<<small<<endl;• }