Integumentary System
Functions of Integumentary System
Integumentary System
4 Main Functions
Contains skin, hair, and nails
1. ProtectionKeeps water inKeeps foreign
particles out2. Nerve endings
sense environment3. Regulate body
temperature4. Rids of waste
chemicals
Layers of SkinEpidermis
Dermis
Outermost layerMost cells are dead
Thicker layerBelow Epidermis
Hair Follicle
Hair
Nail Root
Nail
Tiny sac where hair grows
Protects from UV light
Helps regulate body temperature
Base of nail where growth occurs
Protects tips of fingers and toes
Skin InjuriesSkin is often damagedCan repair itselfDamage to skin’s DNA can cause skin
cancer
Muscular System
Types of MuscleSmooth Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Skeletal Muscle
InvoluntaryFound in digestive
system
InvoluntaryFound in heart
Voluntary or involuntary
Attached to bonesUsed for
movement
MovementTendons
Flexor
Extensor
Tough connective tissue
Connects skeletal muscle to bones
Muscle that bends part of your body
Straightens part of your body
Muscle InjuryStrain
Tendonitis
Anabolic Steroids
Muscle or tendon is overstretched
Swollen tendonsCan happen in
people who exercise too much
Increases muscle strength
Causes long-term health problems
Skeletal System
Skeletal System
Compact Bone
Spongy Bone
Marrow
Made from bones, cartilage, and connective tissue
No visible open spaces
Many open spaces
Soft tissue found inside bones
Cartilage
4 Main functions of Skeletal System
Flexible tissueSupportMost replaced by
bone as organism grows
1. Protection2. Storage3. Movement4. Blood Cell
Formation
Protection
Storage
Movement
Blood cellFormation
• Ribs protect heart and lungs• Skull protects brain• Vertebrate protects spinal cord
• Bones store minerals for nerves and muscles• Long bones store fat to use for energy
• Allows you to sit, stand and walk
• Marrow in bones makes blood cells
JointsJoint
Ligament
3 Types of Joints
Place where two or more bones meet
Holds together bones and joints
1. Gliding Joint2. Ball-and-Socket
Joint3. Hinge Joint
Bone InjuriesFracture
Crack in the bone
BreakBone is detached
at some place
Bone DiseasesArthritis
Osteoporosis
Causes joints to swell or stiffen
Causes bones to lose density