Intercalation: exchangeable ions
b
c
Si+4
O-2
Al+3
Na+1
O+0
O+0
Handbook of Nano. Mater. & Nanotechn., 2000
Ion-exchange:
Na+ Clay - + NR4Cl
NR4+ Clay - + NaCl
Intercalation: compounds
www.cem.msu.edu/~pinnweb
Intercalation: exfoliation/adsorption Reducing Polar Solvent agent (e.g. H2O) MS2 AxMS2 colloidal MS2
x-
Add polymer solution Nanocomposite (PEO polymer shown)
OOO
OOO
OOO
OOO
Intercalation: nanocomposites
Epoxy-clay nanocomposite
Lebaron et al, Appl Clay Sci 1999 Gilman et al, Chem Mater 2000