8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
1/32
An Investigation of NaturalAn Investigation of Natural
Attenuation and PlumeAttenuation and PlumeGeochemistry at an Oil SandsGeochemistry at an Oil Sands
Mining FacilityMining Facility
Prepared for Remtech 2006
Presenter: Alexander A.L. Oiffer
Authors: Alexander A.L. Oiffer, James F. Barker, Francoise
J. M. Gervais, Carol J. Ptacek, K. Ulrich Mayer and David L.Rudolph
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
2/32
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
Analytical Support: Marianne vanderGriendt (University of WaterlAnalytical Support: Marianne vanderGriendt (University of Waterloo) & Shirleyoo) & ShirleyChatten (UW)Chatten (UW)
CoCo--Authors: Francoise Gervais (UW), Drs Jim Barker (UW), Uli MayerAuthors: Francoise Gervais (UW), Drs Jim Barker (UW), Uli Mayer(University(University
of British Columbia), Carol Ptacek (UW & National Water Researchof British Columbia), Carol Ptacek (UW & National Water Research Institute) andInstitute) andDave Rudolph (UW)Dave Rudolph (UW)
Syncrude Canada Ltd: Barry Esford, Grey Kampala, Mike MacKinnon,Syncrude Canada Ltd: Barry Esford, Grey Kampala, Mike MacKinnon, LoriLoriCyprien, Karen Chovan, Steve CarrollCyprien, Karen Chovan, Steve Carroll
Field and Lab Assistance: Mike Gunsinger (UW), Rich Amos (UBC),Field and Lab Assistance: Mike Gunsinger (UW), Rich Amos (UBC), Ed CeyEd Cey
(UW), Bill Marsh (University of Alberta), Naoki Yasuda (UW), Lin(UW), Bill Marsh (University of Alberta), Naoki Yasuda (UW), Lindsay Oiffer,dsay Oiffer,Wayne Noble (UW), Matt Lindsay (UW), Jeff Bain (UW)Wayne Noble (UW), Matt Lindsay (UW), Jeff Bain (UW)
Funding from: The Canadian Foundation for Innovation, The CanadaFunding from: The Canadian Foundation for Innovation, The Canada WaterWaterNetwork, NSERC and SyncrudeNetwork, NSERC and Syncrude
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
3/32
OutlineOutline1.1. ObjectivesObjectives2.2. Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
3.3. Sampling NetworkSampling Network
4.4. General Plume CompositionGeneral Plume Composition
5.5. Naphthenic Acid AttenuationNaphthenic Acid Attenuation
MechanismsMechanisms
6.6. Trace Metals Release MechanismsTrace Metals Release Mechanisms
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
4/32
ObjectivesObjectives
1.1. Identify the groundwater fateIdentify the groundwater fateand transport properties ofand transport properties ofconstituents of concern ofconstituents of concern of
seepage waters (Primaryseepage waters (PrimaryEffects)Effects)
2.2. Determine the potential for traceDetermine the potential for tracemetal release from the solidmetal release from the solidphase (Secondary Effects)phase (Secondary Effects)
ObjectivesObjectives
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
5/32
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
ObjectivesObjectives
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
6/32
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
ObjectivesObjectives
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
7/32
C
oncentration(mg/L)
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
103
**
*
C
oncentration(mg/L)
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
101
*
General Plume CompositionGeneral Plume Composition
C
oncentration(mg/L)
10-1
100
101
102
103
104
Maximum Concentrations Near Source (Adjacent to Tailings
Dyke)
* below detection limit
ObjectivesObjectives
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
Obj tiObj ti
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
8/32
Naphthenic AcidsNaphthenic Acids -- IntroductionIntroduction
ObjectivesObjectives
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
Gervais (2004)
Obj tiObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
9/32
Naphthenic AcidsNaphthenic Acids --AttenuationAttenuationObjectivesObjectives
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
10/32
Naphthenic AcidsNaphthenic Acids --AttenuationAttenuation
Sodium (mg L-1)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
NaphthenicAcid(mg/L)
0
20
40
60
80
100
R2 = 0.94
ObjectivesObjectives
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
11/32
Naphthenic AcidsNaphthenic Acids --AttenuationAttenuation
R2 = 0.55
Chloride (mg L-1
)
0 50 100 150 200
NaphthenicAcid(mg/L)
0
20
40
60
80
100
R2
= 0.55
ObjectivesObjectives
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
12/32
Naphthenic AcidsNaphthenic Acids --
BiodegradationBiodegradation
Increasing Distance Along Flow Path
RelativeProportion
ofMixture(%)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
ObjectivesObjectives
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
13/32
Naphthenic AcidsNaphthenic Acids -- SorptionSorption
Units: mg/L
Source: Schramm et al. 2000
ObjectivesObjectives
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
14/32
Sand from sand aquifer in Fort McMurray AreaSand from sand aquifer in Fort McMurray Area Naphthenic Acids from tailings waterNaphthenic Acids from tailings water
Solution TDS of approximately 1,700 mg/LSolution TDS of approximately 1,700 mg/L
pH varied between 7 and 8pH varied between 7 and 8
Fraction of Organic Carbon (Fraction of Organic Carbon (focfoc): 1%): 1%
Velocity relative to groundwater: 56Velocity relative to groundwater: 56 67%67%
Naphthenic AcidsNaphthenic Acids -- SorptionSorption
Source: Gervais,
2004
Object esj
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
15/32
Naphthenic AcidsNaphthenic Acids -- SorptionSorption
56 67 % ?
jj
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
16/32
Naphthenic AcidsNaphthenic Acids -- ConclusionsConclusions
Overall retardation of NaphthenicOverall retardation of Naphthenic
Acids is lowAcids is low
Significant Biodegradation ofSignificant Biodegradation of
Naphthenic Acids is not interpretedNaphthenic Acids is not interpreted
Weak sorption could explainWeak sorption could explain
Naphthenic Acid retardationNaphthenic Acid retardation
Difficult to account for initialDifficult to account for initial
conditionsconditions Constant Source?Constant Source?
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
17/32
Trace MetalsTrace Metals -- IntroductionIntroduction
ElementElement Oxidizing ConditionsOxidizing Conditions Reducing ConditionsReducing Conditions
PbPb Pb(OHPb(OH))++ && PbPb2+2+ Pb(OHPb(OH))++ && PbPb2+2+
CuCu CuCu2+2+ & Cu& Cu++ CuCu(s(s)) & Cu& Cu++
NiNi NiNi2+2+
NiNi2+2+
CdCd CdCd2+2+ CdCd2+2+
CoCo CoCo2+2+ CoCo2+2+
ZnZn ZnZn2+2+ ZnZn2+2+
CrCr CrOCrO4422-- CrCr22OO3(s)3(s) & CrOH& CrOH
2+2+ && CrOCrO++
AsAs HH22AsOAsO44-- & HAsO& HAsO44
22-- HH33AsOAsO33--
SeSe SeOSeO4422-- SeOSeO33
22--
ElementElement Oxidizing ConditionsOxidizing Conditions Reducing ConditionsReducing Conditions
PbPb Pb(OHPb(OH))++ && PbPb2+2+ Pb(OHPb(OH))++ && PbPb2+2+
CuCu CuCu2+2+ & Cu& Cu++ CuCu(s(s)) & Cu& Cu++
NiNi NiNi2+2+
NiNi2+2+
CdCd CdCd2+2+ CdCd2+2+
CoCo CoCo2+2+ CoCo2+2+
ZnZn ZnZn2+2+ ZnZn2+2+
CrCr CrOCrO4422--
AsAs HH22AsOAsO44-- & HAsO& HAsO44
22--
SeSe SeOSeO4422--
ElementElement Oxidizing ConditionsOxidizing Conditions Reducing ConditionsReducing Conditions
PbPb Pb(OHPb(OH))++ && PbPb2+2+ Pb(OHPb(OH))++ && PbPb2+2+
CuCu CuCu2+2+ & Cu& Cu++ CuCu(s(s)) & Cu& Cu++
NiNi NiNi2+2+
NiNi2+2+
CdCd CdCd2+2+ CdCd2+2+
CoCo CoCo2+2+ CoCo2+2+
ZnZn ZnZn2+2+ ZnZn2+2+
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
18/32
Trace MetalsTrace Metals -- DissolvedDissolved
ConcentrationsConcentrations
Dissolved Arsenic Associated with Plume (Dissolved Arsenic Associated with Plume (mmg/L)g/L)
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
19/32
Trace MetalsTrace Metals ReleaseRelease
MechanismsMechanisms
4FeOOH(s) + CH2O + 6H+ CO3 + 4Fe
2+ + 6H2O
Some Possible Fe Mineral
Phases in Oxidizing Settings:
Fe(OH)3
FeOOH
Fe3O4
Fe2O3
SiO2
CH 2
O
Fe2+ & As
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
SiO2 SiO2
SiO2
SiO2
SiO2SiO2SiO2
SiO2
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
20/32
Trace MetalsTrace Metals Controls forControls for
ReleaseRelease
Two Controlling Influences in Trace MetalTwo Controlling Influences in Trace Metal
Release:Release: Trace Metal Content of Aquifer MaterialTrace Metal Content of Aquifer Material
Reductive Capacity of the Seepage WatersReductive Capacity of the Seepage Waters
Two Controlling Influences in Trace MetalTwo Controlling Influences in Trace Metal
Release:Release: Trace Metal Content of Aquifer MaterialTrace Metal Content of Aquifer Material
Reductive Capacity of the Seepage WatersReductive Capacity of the Seepage Waters
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
21/32
Trace MetalsTrace Metals Solid PhaseSolid Phase
ContentContent
As content in solid phase determinedAs content in solid phase determined
using solid phase extractions:using solid phase extractions:
0.5M0.5M HClHCl 5.0M5.0M HClHCl
AmorphousAmorphous FeSFeS,, GreigiteGreigite,, MackinawiteMackinawite &&
PyrrhotitePyrrhotite
Pyrite & ElementalPyrite & Elemental SulphurSulphur
CarbonatesCarbonates
AmorphousAmorphous OxyhydroxidesOxyhydroxides
Poorly crystalline metal oxides, hydroxides,Poorly crystalline metal oxides, hydroxides,
monosufidesmonosufides, adsorbed metals & ion, adsorbed metals & ion
exchangeable metalsexchangeable metals
Crystalline Metal Oxides/Crystalline Metal Oxides/OxyhydroxidesOxyhydroxides &&
Metals bound in ClaysMetals bound in Clays
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
ObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
22/32
Trace MetalsTrace Metals Solid PhaseSolid Phase
ContentContent
* Extracted using 0.5M HCl for 24 hours
** Extracted using 5.0M HCl for 24 hours
As(mg/kg)
Min-Max(Average)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Sand
Aquife
r(Athab
asca
OilS
ands
Area)
Curren
tStudy
*
Sand
Aquife
r(Athaba
sca
OilS
ands
Area)
Curren
tStudy
**
Sand
Aquife
r-FineSand
Fraction
(Maine)K
eimowitz
etal.20
05
Sand
Aquife
r-FineSiltan
dClay
Fraction(Maine)K
eimowitze
tal.2005
Loess(A
rgentina)
Smedleyet
al.2005
AlluvialS
and(Ban
gladesh)
Smedleyet
al.2002
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
T M l C l fObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
23/32
Trace MetalsTrace Metals Controls forControls for
ReleaseRelease
Two Controlling Influences in Trace MetalTwo Controlling Influences in Trace Metal
Release:Release:
Trace Metal Content of Aquifer MaterialTrace Metal Content of Aquifer Material
Reductive Capacity of the Seepage WatersReductive Capacity of the Seepage Waters
Two Controlling Influences in Trace MetalTwo Controlling Influences in Trace Metal
Release:Release:
Trace Metal Content of Aquifer MaterialTrace Metal Content of Aquifer Material
Reductive Capacity of the Seepage WatersReductive Capacity of the Seepage Waters
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
T M lT M t l R d iR d tiObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
24/32
Trace MetalsTrace Metals -- ReductiveReductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
T M t lT M t l R d tiR d tiObjectivesObjectives
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
25/32
18 mg/L
14 mg/L 6 mg/L
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
26/32
Trace MetalsTrace Metals -- ConclusionsConclusions
Possible causes for low dissolvedPossible causes for low dissolved
As concentrations:As concentrations:
1.1. Plume is assumed weaklyPlume is assumed weaklyreducingreducing
2.2. Low As content in solid phaseLow As content in solid phase
3.3. Phase association of AsPhase association of As
Plume DynamicsPlume Dynamics
Sampling NetworkSampling Network
General PlumeGeneral PlumeCompositionComposition
NAs IntroductionNAs Introduction
NAs AttenuationNAs Attenuation
NAs BiodegradationNAs Biodegradation
NAs SorptionNAs Sorption
NAs ConclusionsNAs Conclusions
TMs IntroductionTMs Introduction
TMs DissolvedTMs DissolvedConcentrationsConcentrations
TMs ReleaseTMs Release
MechanismsMechanisms
TMs Controls forTMs Controls for
ReleaseRelease
TMs Solid PhaseTMs Solid Phase
ContentContent
TMs ReductiveTMs Reductive
Capacity of PlumeCapacity of Plume
TMs ConclusionsTMs Conclusions
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
27/32
ReferencesReferences1. Gervais, F.J.M. (2004). Fate and Transport of Naphthenic Acids in a Glacial Aquifer.
MSc Thesis, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
2. Keimowitz, A.R., Simpson, H.J., Stute, M., Datta, S., Chillrud, S.N., Ross, J. and
Tsang, M. (2005). Naturally occurring arsenic: mobilization at a landfill in maine and
implications for remediation. Appl. Geochem., 20: 1985-2002.
3. Schramm, L., Stasiuk, E., & MacKinnon, M. (2000). Surfactants in athabasca oilsands slurry conditioning, flotation recovery, and tailings processes. In L. Schramm
(Ed.), Surfactants: Fundamentals And Applications In The Petroleum Industry
chapter 10. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
4. Smedley, P.L., Kinniburgh, D.G., Macdonald, D.M.J., Nicolli, H.B., Barros, A.J.,
Tullio, J.O., Pearce, J.M. and Alonso, M.S. (2005). Arsenic associations in sedimentsfrom the loess aquifer of La Pampa, Argentina. Appl. Geochem., 20:989-1016.
5. Smedley, P.L. and Kinniburgh, D.G. (2002). A review of the source, behavior and
distribution of arsenic in natural waters. Appl. Geochem., 17: 517-568.
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
28/32
Questions?Questions?
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
29/32
Extra SlidesExtra Slides
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
30/32
AdvectiveAdvective FrontFront
Distance
Co
ncentrationCmax
0.5Cmax
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
31/32
AmmoniumAmmonium
8/2/2019 Investigation of Nat Attenuation Ation and Plume Attenuation and Plume Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Geochemistry at an Oil Sands Mining 06-Oiffer
32/32
CoringCoring