“IT IS BETTER
TO OFFER
NO EXCUSE THAN A BAD ONE.”
-GEORGE WASHINGTON
“IT IS BETTER
TO OFFER
NO EXCUSE THAN A BAD ONE.”
-GEORGE WASHINGTON
SONGS FOR THE DAY: CONTROL
Daily Comment & Card
GEORGE WASHINGTON
-FIRST PRESIDENT-unanimously elected-served two terms-set standard of leadership-declared Proclamation of Neutrality, keeping us out of European wars-Farewell Address warned against entangling alliances and political party factions
1789-1797
“To be prepared for war is one of the most effective means of preserving peace.”-GEORGE WASHINGTON
“To be prepared for war is one of the most effective means of preserving peace.”-GEORGE WASHINGTON
SONGS FOR THE DAY: SHOULD I STAY OR SHOULD I GO
Daily Comment & Card
WHISKEY REBELLION
-Western whiskey farmers refused to pay taxes for Hamilton’s plan-terrorized tax collectors, Washington responds with federalized militia-Washington and Hamilton rode out to Pennsylvania -first test of federal authority-established federal government’s right to enforce laws
1794
SONGS FOR THE DAY: SHOULD I STAY OR SHOULD I GO
Daily Comment & Card
WHISKEY REBELLION
-Western whiskey farmers refused to pay taxes for Hamilton’s plan-terrorized tax collectors, Washington responds with federalized militia-Washington and Hamilton rode out to Pennsylvania -first test of federal authority-established federal government’s right to enforce laws
1794
-
GEORGE WASHINGTON
-FIRST PRESIDENT-unanimously elected-served two terms-set standard of leadership-declared Proclamation of Neutrality, keeping us out of European wars-Farewell Address warned against entangling alliances and political party factions
1789-1797
SONGS FOR THE DAY: HOLDING OUT FOR A HERO
“In politics
the middle way is
none at all.”-John
Adams
“In politics
the middle way is
none at all.”-John
Adams
SONGS FOR THE DAY: STUCK IN THE MIDDLE WITH YOU
Daily Comment & Card
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS
-Political party that absorbed the Anti-Federalists-Included Thomas Jefferson and James Madison-Favored states’ rights -Believed the federal government was denied powers not expressly given in the Constitution (strict interpretation)
1792-1860
PLEASE PUT AWAY YOUR CELL PHONE AND ALL OTHER ELECTRONIC
DEVISES (INCLUDING THE EARPHONES)…
DON’T MAKE ME TAKE THEM UP…
IF YOU MISSED THIS CLASS, YOU NEED TO:
1) DO THE DQ FOR THE DAY. WRITE THE DAILY QUOTE AND ANSWER THE QUESTION FOR THE DAY. WRITE THE SONGS
2) FILL OUT THE STUDENT NOTES PAGE USING THE COPY OF THE NOTES.
13. WASHINGTON, ADAMS, JEFFERSON
2
ON THE BOARD:1. DQ2. WASH ADAMS JEFF
NOTES3. EVENT MATCHING4. WASHINGTON
FOLDABLE
STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO:
-Discuss the importance of Washington as the first president; the precedents he set and his advice to the country.
-List the first political parties, their leaders, and their beliefs.
-Analyze the importance of the XYZ affair and its effects on America.
A. GEORGE—THE MANMARRIED MARTHA CUSTIS
CHERRY TREE STORY--BOOK BY PARSON WEEMS
1/12
SET UP THE FIRST CABINET AND 3 EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS…
STATE…THOMAS JEFFERSON
TREASURY…ALEXANDER HAMILTON
WAR…HENRY KNOX
1ST ATTORNEY GENERAL…EDMUND RANDOLPH 1ST CHIEF JUSTICE(SUPREME CT) …JOHN JAY
JEFFERSON
HAMILTONKNOX
RANDOLPHJOHN JAY
2/12
B. GEORGE—THE PLAN
One of the biggest issues was the economy…
Hamilton set up a plan:
paying off National/State debts a coinage system establishing National Bank (big fight)…TO GET JEFFERSON’S SUPPORT, HAMILTON AGREED TO MOVE THE CAPITOL (named Washington D.C. after the
President’s death).
3/12
National bank causes controversy… many felt too much power for government
JEFFERSON
HAMILTON
STRICT CONSTRUCTION/STRICT INTERPRETATION
LOOSE CONSTRUCTION/BROAD INTERPRETATION
HAMILTON WINS, BANK
aPPROVED
4/12
BEGINNING OF POLITICAL PARTIES…
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS
FEDERALISTS
JEFFERSON AND SUPPORTERS—TODAY’S DEMOCRATIC PARTY
HAMILTON AND SUPPORTERS
“NECESSARY & PROPER CLAUSE”Article I, section 8, 18“…to make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution, the foregoing Powers…”
5/12
AT HOME…One of the biggest challenges was the…
WHISKEY REBELLIONPENNSYLVANIA (1794)--FARMERS REFUSED TO PAY TAX WASHINGTON FEDERALIZES STATE MILITIA REBELLION COLLAPSED (no bloodshed) .
ABROAD…
1.FRANCE—CITIZEN GENET
2.ENGLAND-JAY TREATY GETS RID OF BRITISH TROOPS, WE PAY DEBTS, SHIPPERS
COMPENSATED, NO MENTION OF IMPRESSMENT
3. SPAIN-PINCKNEY TREATYENDS BORDER DISPUTES-RIGHTS TO MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CITIZEN GENET
6/12
c. FAREWELL ADDRESS
A
D
I
O
S
LLIANCES (NO INTANGLING!)
ANGER OF SECTIONAL JEALOUSY!
UT OF EUROPE (STAY!)
TRONG UNION NEEDED!
NTENSE PARTY SPIRIT-NO!
d. PRECEDENTS SET
G
W
A
S
H
AVE US NO CEREMONIES, NO MEDALS, NO ROBES FOR PRES
E ESTABLISHED 2 TERM TRADITION
DVISORY CABINET
TAY NEUTRAL
AVE TO BE INVITED TO CONGRESS IF YOU ARE PRESIDENT…
B. JOHN ADAMS
PROBLEMS WITH FRANCE: XYZ AFFAIR
OUR AMBASSADORS ASKED FOR A BRIBE…PUBLIC ANGRY
CONGRESS PASSES ALIEN & SEDITION ACTS:1) INCREASE YEARS FOR CITIZENSHIP2) DEPORT DANGEROUS ALIENS3) ILLEGAL FOR NEWSPAPERS TO
CRITICIZE PRESIDENT/CONGRESS
REACTION TO THESE ACTS: KENTUCKY/VIRGINIA RESOLVES
(JEFFERSON IN KY, MADISON IN VA)ARGUE STATES CAN DECLARE AN ACT OF CONGRESS UNCONSTITUTIONAL.
SUPREMACY OF STATES!!
7/12
FIRST SWITCH OF PARTY CONTROL (federalists to democratic-republicans), PROVES SYSTEM CAN WITHSTAND A CHANGE IN POWER…
1. THOMAS JEFFERSON
JEFFERSON ELECTED 1800
-BEATS BURR IN SPECIAL ELECTION, -BURR IS VP
Change in style…12th amendment in 1804 makes president and vice president elected together!!
8/12
A
SHOULD RECEIVE APPOINTMENT, CAN’T REQUIRE IT ISSUED
SUPREME COURT GAVE THEMSELVES POWER TO JUDGE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF CONGRESSIONAL ACT.
MARBURY V. MADISON
MIDNIGHT JUDGES (42)LAST MINUTE ADAMS APPOINTMENTS THAT
JEFFERSON REFUSED TO DELIVER. WILLIAM MARBURY SUES FOR HIS APPOINTMENT, GOES TO THE SUPREME COURT…
9/12
Problem:
Constitution doesn’t say anything about purchasing land (TJ is a strict constructionalist)!!
TEMPORARILY ABANDONS HIS VIEWS…
DOUBLES THE SIZE OF THE U.S… (REMOVED A FOREIGN PRESENCE)
WORRIED ABOUT MISSISSIPPI RIVER..-SENDS MONROE TO BUY NEW ORLEANS FROM NAPOLEON
(GOT IT FROM SPAIN). Napoleon offers whole thing $15 million…
LEWIS AND CLARK EXPLORE TERRITORY FROM 1804-1806.
10/12
-DROPPED BY JEFFERSON (1804), LED OPPOSING FACTION (QUIDS) IN TJ’S OWN PARTY -MAD AT HAMILTON, CHALLENGES HIM TO A DUEL. KILLS HIM. AQUITTED OF MURDER CHARGE
-INVOLVED IN PLOT TO TAKE OVER PART OF U.S. WITH GENERAL JAMES WILKINSON (WHO RATTED HIM OUT!!)
-ACCUSED OF TREASON
-CHIEF JUSTICE JOHN MARSHALL
BURR AQUITTED AND FLED TO EUROPE (RETURNED IN 1812)…
11/12
OTHER PROBLEMS FOR TJ:
-BARBARY PIRATES (NORTH AFRICAN COAST) TJ SENT NAVY, 4 YEARS OF FIGHTING, WON RESPECT, PROTECTED OUR SHIPS…
-EMBARGO ACT (1807) IMPRESSMENT HAD CONTINUED
PROHIBITED ALL EXPORTS
(HURT ECONOMY, DAMAGED TJ’S POPULARITY) SMUGGLING!
-NON-INTERCOURSE ACT (1809) won’t trade with ENGLAND AND FRANCE
12/12