IUPAC-NIST Solubility Data Series. 79. Alkali and Alkaline Earth MetalPseudohalides
Jiri Halaa
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Contributors *EvaluatorJiri Hala*
Masaryk University, Czech Republic
H. AkaiwaGunma University, Japan
~Received 23 August 2002; accepted 4 November 2002; published online 13 February 2004!
This volume presents solubility data of azides, cyanides, cyanates, and thiocyanates ofalkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and ammonium. Covered are binary and ternarysystems in all solvents. No solubility data have been found for some of the compounds ofalkali metals, alkaline metals, and ammonium. These include beryllium and magnesiumazides, lithium, rubidium cesium, ammonium, and alkaline earth cyanates and cyanides,and beryllium thiocyanate. Likewise, no solubility data seem to exist for selenocyanatesof the mentioned metals and ammonium. The literature has been covered up to the middleof 2001, and there was a great effort to have the literature survey as complete as possible.The few documents which remained unavailable to the editor, and could not be includedin the volume, are listed in the Appendix. For some compounds it was not possible toshow the Chemical Abstracts registry numbers since these have not been assigned. Forthis reason, the registry number index is incomplete. 2004 American Institute ofPhysics. @DOI: 10.1063/1.1563591#
Key words: alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; ammonia; azides; cyanides; cyanates; organic solvents;thiocyanates; solid-liquie equilibrium; solubility; water.
Contents
1. Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32. Introduction to the Solubility Data Series:
Solubility of Solids in Liquids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.1. The Nature of the Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.2. Compilations and Evaluations. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2.1. Compilations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.2.2. Evaluations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.3. Quantities and Units Used in Compilationand Evaluation of Solubility Data. . . . . . . . . . 52.3.1. Mixtures, Solutions, and Solubilities... 52.3.2. Physicochemical Quantities and
Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.4. References for the Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3. The Solubility of Azides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.1. Lithium Azide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.2. Sodium Azide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.3. Potassium Azide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
a!Electronic mail: [email protected] 2004 American Institute of Physics.
0047-268920043311176$39.00 1
3.3.1. Evaluation of the KN3 H2OSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.4. Rubidium Azide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173.5. Cesium Azide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183.6. Ammonium Azide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183.7. Calcium Azide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203.8. Strontium Azide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.8.1. Evaluation of the Sr~N3)2 H2OSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.9. Barium Azide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.9.1. Evaluation of the Ba~N3)2 H2O
System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244. The Solubility of Cyanides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.1. Lithium Cyanide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254.2. Sodium Cyanide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.2.1. Evaluation of the NaCNH2OSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.2.2. Evaluation of the NaCNNaOHH2OSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.3. Potassium Cyanide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334.3.1. Evaluation of the KCNNH3
System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364.3.2. Evaluation of the KCNEthanol
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22 IUPAC-NIST SOLUBILITY DATA SERIES
System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375. The Solubility of Cyanates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
5.1. Sodium Cyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465.1.1. Evaluation of the NaOCNNH3
System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465.2. Potassium Cyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
6. The Solubility of Thiocyanates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526.1. Lithium Thiocyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
6.1.1. Evaluation of the LiSCNH2OSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
6.2. Sodium Thiocyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 596.2.1. Evaluation of the NaSCNH2O
System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 596.2.2. Evaluation of the NaSCNEthanol
System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 656.2.3. Evaluation of the NaSCNAcetone
System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676.3. Potassium Thiocyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
6.3.1. Evaluation of the KSCNH2OSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
6.3.2. Evaluation of the KSCNEthanolSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
6.3.3. Evaluation of the KSCNAcetoneSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6.3.4. Evaluation of the KSCN2-ButanoneSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
6.3.5. Evaluation of the KSCN1-ButanolSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
6.3.6. Evaluation of the KSCNPyridineSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
6.4. Rubidium Thiocyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1196.5. Cesium Thiocyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1216.6. Ammonium Thiocyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
6.6.1. Evaluation of the NH4SCNH2OSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
6.7. Magnesium Thiocyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1466.8. Calcium Thiocyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1486.9. Strontium Thiocyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1546.10. Barium Thiocyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
6.10.1. Evaluation of the Ba~SCN)2 H2OSystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
7. Appendix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1628. System Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1649. Registry Number Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16810. Author Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
List of Tables1. Interconversions between quanties used as
measures of solubilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
List of Figures1. Lithium azidewater system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82. Sodium azidewater system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103. Potassium azidewater system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164. Ammonium azideammonia system. . . . . . . . . . . . 195. Sodium cyanidesodium hydroxidewater
system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
6. Sodium cyanateammonia system. . . . . . . . . . . . . 467. Sodium cyanatediethylethermethanol
system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498. Lithium thiocyanatewater system. . . . . . . . . . . . . 529. Sodium thiocyanatewater system. . . . . . . . . . . . . 6010. Sodium thiocyanateammonia system. . . . . . . . . . 6411. Sodium thiocyanateacetone system. . . . . . . . . . . . 6712. Sodium thiocyanatemethylthiocyanatewater
system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8013. Potassium thiocyanatewater system. . . . . . . . . . . 8214. Potassium thiocyanatewater system. . . . . . . . . . . 8515. Potassium thiocyanateammonia system. . . . . . . . 8816. Potassium thiocyanatepotassium carbonate
water system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10717. Potassium thiocyanateureawater system. . . . . . . 11118. Potassium thiocyanatewateracetone system. . . . 11319. Potassium thiocyanatepolyethylene~1500!
water system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11520. Potassium thiocyanatepolyethylene~6000!
water system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11621. Potassium thiocyanatemethylthiocyanatewater
system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11622. Potassium thiocyanateethylthiocyanatewater
system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11723. Ammonium thiocyanatewater system. . . . . . . . . . 12224. Ammonium thiocyanatewater system. . . . . . . . . . 12425. Ammonium thiocyanateammonia system. . . . . . . 12726. Ammonium thiocyanateammonium nitrate
water system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13227. Ammonium thiocyanatepotassium thiocyanate
water system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13428. Ammonium thiocyanatepotassium thiocyanate
water system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13629. Ammonium thiocyanateammonium sulfate
water system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13930. Ammonium thiocyanatetriethylaminewater
system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14131. Ammonium thiocyanateureawater system. . . . . 14232. Ammonium thiocyanatemethylthiocyanate
water system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14333. Ammonium thiocyanateanilinewater system. . . 14434. Calcium thiocyanatesodium thiocyanatewater
system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15035. Calcium thiocyanatepotassium thiocyanate
water system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15136. Calcium thiocyanateammonium thiocyanate
water system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15237. Calcium thiocyanatemethylthiocyanatewater
system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15238. Barium thiocyanatesodium thiocyanatewater
system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15639. Barium thiocyanatepotassium thiocyanate
water system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15740. Barium thiocyanatemethylthiocyanatewater
system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
33JIRI HALA
1. Preface
This volume presents solubility data of azides, cyanides,cyanates, and thiocyanates of alkali metals, alkaline earthmetals, and ammonium. Covered are binary and ternary sys-tems in all solvents. No solubility data have been found forsome of the compounds of alkali metals, alkaline metals, andammonium. These include beryllium and magnesium azides,lithium, rubidium cesium, ammonium, and alkaline earth cy-anates and cyanides, and beryllium thiocyanate. Likewise, nosolubility data seem to exist for selenocyanates of the men-tioned metals and ammonium. The literature has been cov-ered up to the middle of 2001, and there was a great effort tohave the literature survey as complete as possible. The fewdocuments which remained unavailable to the compiler, andcould not be included in the volume are listed in the Appen-dix. For some compounds it was not possible to show theChemical Abstracts registry numbers since these have notbeen assigned. For this reason, the registry number index isincomplete.
In addition to documents that published numerical data,some papers that presented data in graphical form only wereincluded as well. They were considered for the volume eitherif no other data were available for the system, or if the datawere published in difficult to obtain older literature. Thesecriteria led the compiler to include sometimes papers inwhich the authors failed to specify conditions such as tem-perature, equilibrium time, or methods of analysis. Phasediagrams have been included for some of the ternary sys-tems. For binary eutonic systems, phase diagrams were in-cluded only if no numerical data were reported in the origi-nal documents and the diagrams were the sole source ofinformation. Of the many systems covered by the volume,relatively few were studied by more than one laboratory.Thus the opportunity to carry out evaluations has been lim-ited, and only 20 systems have been evaluated. However,because of some uncertainty in most of the evaluated sys-tems, only tentative solubility values could usually be rec-ommended.
Only those published results that report meaningful datawere considered for the volume. Papers that reported quali-tative results with statements like sparingly soluble or in-soluble, etc., were not considered. However, some docu-ments reported solubility data which, although not includedin the volume for one reason or other ~e.g., single values ofuncertain quality without any supporting information,sketches of phase diagrams!, may nevertheless be of someinformative value to the potential user of this volume in casethey represent the only information available for a given sys-tem. For this reason, a list of systems for which only suchdata exist has been included in the Appendix.
The editor wishes to express his thanks to the followingcolleagues from IUPAC for their effort in proving copies ofpublications, which would otherwise not be available to him:Professor H. Akaiwa, Gunma, Japan ~also for translating theJapanese papers!; D. J. J. Counioux, Lyon, France; Dr. P. G.T. Fogg, London, U.K.; Professor Fu Jufu, Beijing, China;
Dr. H. J. M. Grunbauer, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Dr. A.Maczynski, Warsaw, Poland; Professor P. Paoletti, Florence,Italy; Professor V. M. Valyashko, Moscow, Russia; and Pro-fessor B. A. Wolf, Mainz, Germany. Without their help thevolume would not be complete.
2. Introduction to the Solubility Data Series:Solubility of Solids in Liquids
2.1. The Nature of the Project
The Solubility Data project ~SDP! has as its aim a com-prehensive review of published data for solubilities of gases,liquids, and solids in liquids or solids. Data of suitable pre-cision are compiled for each publication on data sheets in auniform format. The data for each system are evaluated and,where data from independent sources agree sufficiently, rec-ommended values are proposed. The evaluation sheets, rec-ommended values, and compiled data sheets are publishedon consecutive pages.
2.2. Compilations and Evaluations
The formats for the compilations and critical evaluationshave been standardized for all volumes. A description ofthese formats follows.
2.2.1. Compilations
The format used for the compilations is, for the most part,self-explanatory. Normally, a compilation sheet is dividedinto boxes, with detailed contents described below.
Components
Each component is listed according to IUPAC name, for-mula, and Chemical Abstracts ~CA! Registry Number. TheChemical Abstracts name is also included if this differs fromthe IUPAC name, as are trivial names if appropriate. IUPACand common names are cross-referenced to Chemical Ab-stracts names in the System Index.
The formula is given either in terms of the IUPAC or Hill1
system and the choice of formula is governed by what isusual for most current users: i.e., IUPAC for inorganic com-pounds, and Hill system for organic compounds. Compo-nents are ordered on a given compilation sheet according to:
~a! saturating components;~b! non-saturating components;~c! solvents.In each of ~a!, ~b! or ~c!, the components are arranged in
order according to the IUPAC 18-column periodic table withtwo additional rows:
Columns 1 and 2: H, alkali elements, ammonium, alkalineearth elements
Columns 3 to 12: transition elementsColumns 13 to 17: boron, carbon, nitrogen groups; chal-
cogenides, halogensColumn 18: noble gasesRow 1: Ce to Lu
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
44 IUPAC-NIST SOLUBILITY DATA SERIES
Row 2: Th to the end of the known elements, in order ofatomic number.
The same order is followed in arranging the compilationsheets within a given volume.
Original Measurements
References are abbreviated in the forms given by Chemi-cal Abstracts Service Source Index ~CASSI!. Names origi-nally in other than Roman alphabets are given as transliter-ated by Chemical Abstracts. In the case of multiple entries~for example, translations! an asterisk indicates the publica-tion used for compilation of the data.
Variables
Ranges of temperature, pressure, etc., are indicated here.
Prepared by
The names of all compilers are given here.
Experimental Data
Components are described as ~1!, ~2!, etc., as defined inthe Components box. Data are reported in the units usedin the original publication, with the exception that modernnames for units and quantities are used; e.g., mass percentfor weight percent; mol dm23 for molar; etc. Usually, onlyone type of value ~e.g., mass percent! is found in the originalpaper, and the compiler has added the other type of value~e.g., mole percent! from computer calculations based on1989 atomic weights.2 Temperatures are expressed as t/C,t/F or T/K as in the original; if necessary, conversions toT/K are made, sometimes in the compilations and always inthe critical evaluation. However, the authors units are ex-pressed according to IUPAC recommendations3 as far as pos-sible.
Errors in calculations, fitting equations, etc., are noted, andwhere possible corrected. Material inserted by the compileris identified by the word compiler or by the compilersname in parentheses or in a footnote. In addition, compiler-calculated values of mole or mass fractions are included ifthe original data do not use these units. If densities are re-ported in the original paper, conversions from concentrationsto mole fractions are included, but otherwise this is done inthe evaluation, with the values and sources of the densitiesbeing quoted and referenced.
Details of smoothing equations ~with limits! are includedif they are present in the original publication and if the tem-perature or pressure ranges are wide enough to justify thisprocedure and if the compiler finds that the equations areconsistent with the data.
The precision of the original data is preserved when de-rived quantities are calculated, if necessary by the inclusionof one additional significant figure. In some cases, compilersnote that numerical data have been obtained from publishedgraphs using digitizing techniques. In these cases, the preci-sion of the data can be determined by the quality of the
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
original graph and the limitations of the digitizing technique.In some cases graphs have been included, either to illustratedata more clearly, or if this is the only information in theoriginal. Full grids are not usually inserted as it is not in-tended that users should read data from the graphs.
Method
The apparatus and procedure are mentioned briefly. Abbre-viations used in Chemical Abstracts are often used here tosave space, reference being made to sources of further detailif these are cited in the original paper.
Source and Purity of Materials
For each component, referred to as ~1!, ~2!, etc., the fol-lowing information ~in this order and in abbreviated form! isprovided if available in the original paper: source and speci-fied method of preparation; properties; degree of purity.
Estimated Error
If estimated errors were omitted by the original authors,and if relevant information is available, the compilers haveattempted to estimate errors ~identified by compiler or thecompilers name in parentheses or in a footnote! from theinternal consistency of data and type of apparatus used.Methods used by the compilers for estimating and reportingerrors are based on Ku and Eisenhart.4
Comments andor Additional Data
Many compilations include this section which providesshort comments relevant to the general nature of the work oradditional experimental and thermodynamic data which arejudged by the compiler to be of value to the reader.
References
The format for these follows the format for the OriginalMeasurements box, except that final page numbers are omit-ted. References ~usually cited in the original paper! are givenwhere relevant to interpretation of the compile data, or wherecross-reference can be made to other compilations.
2.2.2. Evaluations
The evaluators task is to assess the reliability and qualityof the data, to estimate errors where necessary, and to rec-ommend best values. The evaluation takes the form of asummary in which all the data supplied by the compiler havebeen critically reviewed. There are only three boxes on atypical evaluation sheet, and these are described below.
Components
The format is the same as on the Compilation sheets.
55JIRI HALA
Evaluator
The name and affiliation of the evaluator~s! and date up towhich the literature was checked.
Critical Evaluation
~a! Critical text. The evaluator checks that the compileddata are correct, assesses their reliability and quality, esti-mates errors where necessary, and recommends numericalvalues based on all the published data ~including theses, pat-ents and reports! for each given system. Thus, the evaluatorreviews the merits or shortcomings of the various data. Onlypublished data are considered. Documented rejection ofsome published data may occur at this stage, and the corre-sponding compilations may be removed.
The solubility of comparatively few systems is knownwith sufficient accuracy to enable a set of recommended val-ues to be presented. Although many systems have been stud-ied by at least two workers, the range of temperatures isoften sufficiently different to make meaningful comparisonimpossible.
Occasionally, it is not clear why two groups of workersobtained very different but internally consistent sets of re-sults at the same temperature, although both sets of resultswere obtained by reliable methods. In such cases, a definitiveassessment may not be possible. In some cases, two or moresets of data have been classified as tentative even though thesets are mutually inconsistent.
~b! Fitting equations. If the use of a smoothing equation isjustifiable the evaluator may provide an equation represent-ing the solubility as a function of the variables reported onall the compilation sheets, stating the limits within which itshould be used.
~c! Graphical summary. In addition to ~b! above, graphicalsummaries are often given.
~d! Recommended values. Data are recommended if the re-sults of at least two independent groups are available andthey are in good agreement, and if the evaluator has no doubtas to the adequacy and reliability of the applied experimentaland computational procedures. Data are reported as tentativeif only one set of measurements is available, or if the evalu-ator considers some aspect of the computational or experi-mental method as mildly undesirable but estimates that itshould cause only minor error. Data are considered as doubt-ful if the evaluator considers some aspect of the computa-tional or experimental method as undesirable but still consid-ers the data to have some value where the order of magnitudeof the solubility is needed. Data determined by an inadequatemethod or under ill-defined conditions are rejected. How-ever, references to these data are included in the evaluationtogether with a comment by the evaluator as to the reason fortheir rejection.
~e! References. All pertinent references are given here, in-cluding all those publications appearing in the accompanyingcompilation sheets and those which, by virtue of their poorprecision, have been rejected and not compiled.
~f! Units. While the original data may be reported in theunits used by the investigators, the final recommended valuesare reported in SI units3 when the data can be accuratelyconverted.
2.3. Quantities and Units Used in Compilation andEvaluation of Solubility Data
2.3.1. Mixtures, Solutions and Solubilities
A mixture5 describes a gaseous, liquid or solid phase con-taining more than one substance, where the substances are alltreated in the same way.
A solution5 describes a liquid or solid phase containingmore than one substance, when for convenience one of thesubstances, which is called the solvent, and may itself be amixture, is treated differently than the other substances,which are called solutes. If the sum of the mole fractions ofthe solutes is small compared to unity, the solution is calleda dilute solution.
The solubility of a solute 1 ~solid, liquid or gas! is theanalytical composition of a saturated solution, expressed interms of the proportion of the designated solute in a desig-nated solvent.6
Saturated implies equilibrium with respect to the pro-cesses of dissolution and precipitation; the equilibrium maybe stable or metastable. The solubility of a substance inmetastable equilibrium is usually greater than that of thesame substance in stable equilibrium. ~Strictly speaking, it isthe activity of the substance in metastable equilibrium that isgreater.! Care must be taken to distinguish true metastabilityfrom supersaturation, where equilibrium does not exist.
Either point of view, mixture or solution, may be taken indescribing solubility. The two points of view find their ex-pression in the reference states used for definition of activi-ties, activity coefficients and osmotic coefficients.
Note that the composition of a saturated mixture ~or solu-tion! can be described in terms of any suitable set of thermo-dynamic components. Thus, the solubility of a salt hydrate inwater is usually given as the relative proportions of anhy-drous salt in solution, rather then the relative proportions ofhydrated salt and water.
2.3.2. Physicochemical Quantities and Units
Solubilities of solids have been the subject of research fora long time, and have been expressed in a great many ways,as described below. In each case, specification of the tem-perature and either partial or total pressure of the saturatinggaseous component is necessary. The nomenclature and unitsfollow, where possible, IUPAC Green Book.3 A few quanti-ties follow the ISO standards7 or the German standard;8 see areview by Cvitas9 for details.
A Note on Nomenclature
The nomenclature of the IUPAC Green Book3 calls thesolute component B and the solvent component A. In com-pilations and evaluations, the first-named component ~com-
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
66 IUPAC-NIST SOLUBILITY DATA SERIES
ponent 1! is the solute, and the second ~component 2 for atwo-component system! is the solvent. The reader shouldbear these distinctions in nomenclature in mind when com-paring equations given here with those in the Green Book.
1. Mole fraction of substance 1, x1 or x~1! ~condensedphases!, y1 ~gases!:
x15n1Y (s51
c
ns ~1!
where ns is the amount of substance of s, and c is the numberof distinct substances present ~often the number of thermo-dynamic components in the system!. Mole percent of sub-stance 1 is 100 x1.
2. Ionic mole fractions of salt i, xi1, xi2: For mixture ofs binary salts i, each of which ionizes completely into ni1cations and v i2 anions, with v i5v i11v i2 and a mixture ofp nonelectrolytes k, of which some may be considered assolvent components, a generalization of the definition inRobinson and Stokes10 gives:
x1i5v1ix1i
11(j51
s
~v j21 !x j
, x2i5v2ix1i
v1ii51...s ~2!
xok5x j
11(j51
s
~v j21 !x j
, k5~s11 !. . .c . ~3!
The sum of these mole fractions is unity, so that, with c5s1p ,
(i51
s
~x1i1x2i!1 (i5s11
c
xoi51. ~4!
General conversions to other units in multicomponent sys-tems are complicated. For a three-component system con-taining nonelectrolyte 1, electrolyte 2, and solvent 3,
x15v12xo1
v122~v221 !x12x25
x12v122~v221 !x12
. ~5!
These relations are used in solubility equations for salts, andfor tabulation of salt effects on solubilities of gases.
3. Mass fraction of substance 1, w1 or w~1!:
w15g1Y (s51
c
gs ~6!
where gs is the mass of substance s. Mass percent of sub-stance 1 is 100 w1. The equivalent terms weight fraction,weight percent and g(1)/100g solution are no longer used.
4. Solute mole fraction of substance 1, xv ,1:
xs ,15m1Y (s51
c8
ms5x1Y (s51
c8
xs ~7!
where c8 is the number of solutes in the mixture. Thesequantities are sometimes called Janecke mole ~mass!fractions.11,12 Solute mass fraction of substance 1, ws ,1, isdefined analogously.
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
5. Solvent mole fraction of substance 1, xv ,1:
xv ,15x1Y (s51
p
xs. ~8!
Here, p is the number of solvent components in the mixture.Solvent mass fraction of substance 1, wv ,1, is defined analo-gously.
6. Molality of solute 1 in a solvent 2, m1:
m15n1/n2M 2 ~9!
SI base units: mol kg21. Here, M 2 is the molar mass of thesolvent.
7. Aquamolality, Solvomolality of substance 1 in a mixedsolvent with components 2, 3,13 m1
(3):
m1~3 !5m1M /M 3 ~10!
SI base units: mol kg21. Here, the average molar mass of thesolvent is
M5xv ,2M 21~12vv ,2!M 3 ~11!
and xv, is the solvent mole fraction of component 2. Thisterm is used most frequently in discussing comparative solu-bilities in water ~component 2! and heavy water ~component3! and in their mixtures.
8. Amount concentration of solute 1 in a solution of vol-ume V, c1:
c15@formula of solute#5n1/V ~12!
SI base units: mol cm23. The symbol c1 is preferred to @for-mula of solute#, but both are used. The old terms molarity,molar and moles per unit volume are no longer used.
9. Mass concentration of solute 1 in a solution of volumeV, r1:
r15g1/V5c1M 1/V ~13!
SI base units: kg m23.
10. Mole ratio, rA,B ~dimensionless!:9
rn ,125n1/n2 . ~14!
Mass ratio, symbol zA,B, may be defined analogously.9
11. Ionic strength, Im ~molality basis!, or Ic ~concentrationbasis!:
Im51
2(i mizi2, Ic5
1
2(i c iz i2 ~15!
where zi is the charge number of ion i. While these quantitiesare not used generally to express solubilities, they are used toexpress the compositions of nonsaturating components. For asingle salt i with ions of charge numbers z1 and z2,
Im5uz1z2uvmi, Ic5uz1z2uvci. ~16!
Mole and mass fractions and mole ratios are appropriate toeither the mixture of the solution point of view. The otherquantities are appropriate to the solution point of view only.Conversions between pairs of these quantities can be carriedout using the equation given in Table 1 at the end of thisIntroduction. Other useful quantities will be defined in theprefaces to individual volumes or on specific data sheets.
77JIRI HALA
TABLE 1. Interconversions between quantities used as measures of solubilities c-component systems containing c-1 solutes i and single solvent c ~rdensityof solution; M imolar masses of i. For relations for two-component systems, set summations to 0.!
xi wi mi ci
xi5 xi
1
11MiMc
H 1wi 21 1 (j1c21 SMcMj 21D wjwi J
1
111
miMc1(
ji
c21mjmi
1
111
McSrci 2MiD 1(ji
c21cjci
S12 MjMcDwi5
1
11McMi
H1xi 211(jic21 SMjMc 21D xjxiJ wi
1
111
miMiS11(
ji
c21
mjMjDciMi
r
mi51
Mc S1xi 21 2(jic21
xjxiD
1
MiS 1wi 212(jic21
wjwiD mi
1
1
ciSr2(
ji
c21
cjMjD 2Mici5
r
Mi1McH1xi 211(jic21 SMjMc 21D xjxiJ
rwiMi
r
1
miS11(
ji
c21
mjMjD1Mj ci
Salt hydrates are generally not considered to be saturatingcomponents since most solubilities are expressed in terms ofthe anhydrous salt. The existence of hydrates or solvates isnoted carefully in the critical evaluation.
Mineralogical names are also quoted, along with their CARegistry Numbers, again usually in the text and CA RegistryNumbers ~where available! are given usually in the criticalevaluation.
In addition to the quantities defined above, the followingare useful in conversions between concentrations and otherquantities.
12. Density, r:
r5g/V5(s51
c
rs ~17!
SI base units: kg m23. Here g is the total mass of the system.
13. Relative density, d5r/r: the ratio of the density of amixture at temperature t, pressure p to the density of a ref-erence substance at temperature t8, pressure p8. For liquidsolutions, the reference substance is often water at 4 ~C!, 1bar. ~In some cases 1 atm is used instead of 1 bar.! The termspecific gravity is no longer used.
Thermodynamics of Solubility
Thermodynamic analysis of solubility phenomena pro-vides a rational basis for the construction of functions torepresent solubility data, and thus aids in evaluation, andsometimes enables thermodynamic quantities to be extracted.Both these aims are often difficult to achieve because of alack of experimental or theoretical activity coefficients.Where thermodynamic quantities can be found, they are notevaluated critically, since this task would involve examina-tion of a large body of data that is not directly relevant tosolubility. Where possible, procedures for evaluation are
based on established thermodynamic methods. Specific pro-cedures used in a particular volume will be described in thePreface to this volume.
2.4 References for the Introduction
1 E. A. Hill, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 22, 478 ~1900!.2 IUPAC Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances, PureAppl. Chem. 63, 975 ~1989!.
3 I. Mills et al., eds. Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry~the Green Book!~Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, U.K., 1993!.
4 H. H. Ku, p. 73; C. Eisenhart, p. 69; in H. H. Ku, ed., Precision Measure-ment and Calibration, NBS Special Publication 300 ~NBS, Washington,1969!, Vol. 1.
5 V. Gold et al., eds., Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature ~the GoldBook! ~Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, U.K., 1987!.
6 H. Freiser and G. H. Nancollas, eds., Compendium of Analytical Nomen-clature ~the Orange Book! ~Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford,U.K., 1987!, Sect. 9.1.8.
7 ISO Standards Handbook, Quantities and Units ~International StandardsOrganization, Geneva, 1993!.
8 German Standard, DIN 1310, Zusammensetzung von Mischphasen ~BeuthVerlag, Berlin, 1984!.
9 T. Cvitas, Chem. International 17, 123 ~1995!.10 R. A. Robinson and R. H. Stokes, Electrolyte Solutions, 2nd ed. ~Butter-
worths, London, 1959!.11 E. Janecke, Z. Anorg. Chem. 51, 132 ~1906!.12 H. L. Friedman, J. Chem. Phys. 32, 1351 ~1960!.13 J. W. Lorimer, in Alkali Metal and Ammonium Chlorides in Water and
Heavy Water (Binary Systems), edited by R. Cohen-Adad, and J. W.Lorimer, IUPAC Solubility Data Series, Vol. 47 ~Pergamon, Oxford, U.K.,1991!, p. 495.
This section was written by:R. Cohen-Adad J. W. Lorimer
Villeurbanne, France London, Ontario, CanadaM. Salomon M.-T. Saugier-Cohen Adad
Sea Bright, N.J., USA Villeurbanne, FranceDecember, 1995
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
Tem
pera
ture
:no
tre
port
ed.
Solu
bilit
y:in
suffi
cien
tda
tagi
ven
toal
low
for
erro
res
timat
e.
Ref
eren
ces:
1 T.
Cur
tius,
Ber
.24
,33
41~1
891!
.
mpo
nent
s:O
rigi
nal
Mea
sure
men
ts:
Lith
ium
azid
e;L
iN3
;@1
9597
-69-
4#W
ater
;H
2O
;@7
732-
18-5
#A
.P.
Rol
let
and
J.W
ohlg
emut
h,C
ompt
.R
end.
199,
1772
4
~193
4!.
riab
les:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
mpe
ratu
rean
dco
mpo
sitio
n.J.
Hal
a
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
Phas
edi
agra
mof
the
LiN
3
H2O
syst
ema
nific
ant
poin
tTe
mpe
ratu
re(t
/C
)L
iN3
(100
w1
/mas
s%
)L
iN3
(m1
/mol
kg2
1)b
Solid
phas
ec
E2
47.5
60.
526
.06
0.4
7.17
6A
1B
T1
231
.06
0.5
33.5
60.
310
.29
B1
C
T2
68.2
60.
148
.06
0.3
18.8
5C
1D
esul
tsw
ere
pres
ente
din
grap
hica
lfo
rm~F
ig.
1!.
Num
eric
alva
lues
wer
ere
port
edfo
rth
ree
sign
ifica
ntpo
ints
inth
eph
ase
diag
ram
.al
cula
ted
byco
mpi
ler.
:Ic
e;H
2O
;@7
732-
18-5
#;B
:L
iN34
H2O
;@
#;C
:L
iN3H
2O
;@3
4204
-05-
2#;
D:
LiN
3;
@195
97-6
9-4#
.
FIG
.1.
Phas
edi
agra
mof
the
LiN
3
H2O
syst
em@~
full
circ
les!
poly
ther
mal
mea
sure
men
ts,
~ope
nci
rcle
s!is
othe
rmal
mea
sure
men
ts,
~tri
angl
es!
data
from
Cur
tius
and
Ris
som
,1in
clud
edby
auth
ors#
.
88 IUPAC-NIST SOLUBILITY DATA SERIES
3.T
he
So
lub
ility
of
Azi
des
3.1.
Lit
hiu
mA
zid
e
Com
pone
nts:
Ori
gina
lM
easu
rem
ents
:
~1!
Lith
ium
azid
e;L
iN3
;@1
9597
-69-
4#~2
!So
lven
tsT.
Cur
tius
and
J.R
isso
m,
J.Pr
akt.
Che
m.
58,
261
30
9~1
898!
.
Var
iabl
es:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
T/K
:28
3
289
J.H
ala
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
Solu
bilit
yof
LiN
3in
wat
eror
etha
nol
atdi
ffer
ent
tem
pera
ture
sa
Solv
ent
Tem
pera
ture
(t/
C)
LiN
3
(g/1
00g
solv
ent!
LiN
3
(m1
/mol
kg2
1)b
Wat
er;
H2O
;@7
732-
18-5
#10
36.1
27.
377
15.5
62.0
712
.68
1666
.41
13.5
6
Eth
anol
;C
2H
6O
;@6
4-17
-5#
1620
.26
4.14
a Sol
idph
ases
wer
eno
tin
vest
igat
ed.
b Cal
cula
ted
byco
mpi
ler.
Add
ition
alin
form
atio
n:Sa
tura
ted
solu
tions
ofL
iN3
inw
ater
show
edal
kalin
ere
actio
n.
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
Met
hod
App
arat
usP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
An
isot
herm
alm
etho
dw
asus
ed.
Exc
ess
salt
was
kept
inco
ntac
tw
ithth
eso
lven
tfo
rse
vera
lw
eeks
unde
roc
casi
onal
stir
ring
ina
room
with
cons
tant
tem
pera
ture
.E
quili
briu
mte
mpe
ratu
rew
asm
easu
red
inth
esa
tura
ted
solu
tions
prio
rw
ithdr
awal
ofth
esa
mpl
es.A
wei
ghed
amou
ntof
the
satu
rate
dso
lutio
nw
asth
enev
apor
ated
ina
plat
inum
dish
,an
ddr
ied
ina
dess
icat
orun
tilco
nsta
ntw
eigh
tw
asat
tain
ed.
LiN
3w
aspr
epar
edfr
omL
i 2SO
4an
dB
a~N
3) 2
asco
lorl
ess
hygr
osco
pic
crys
tals
.The
prod
uctw
asre
crys
talli
zed
from
wat
er,
and
anal
yzed
afte
rpr
olon
ged
dryi
ngov
erco
ncen
trat
edH
2SO
4in
ava
cuum
desi
ccat
or.
Foun
d/ca
lcul
ated
for
LiN
3(%
):N
85.6
7
86.0
2/85
.71,
Li
14.0
9
14.1
8/14
.29.
The
bari
umaz
ide
used
was
prep
ared
bydi
ssol
ving
Ba~
OH
) 2in
8%aq
ueou
sso
lutio
nof
HN
3.
The
latte
rw
asob
tain
edby
dist
illat
ion
with
dilu
teH
2SO
4
ofei
ther
Pb~N
3) 2
orN
H4N
3ac
cord
ing
toC
urtiu
s.1
Puri
tyof
wat
erno
tsp
ecifi
ed.A
bsol
ute
etha
nol
was
used
.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:
Co
~1!
~2!
Va
Te Sig
a R b C c A
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
3.2.
So
diu
mA
zid
e
mpo
nent
s:O
rigi
nal
Mea
sure
men
ts:
Sodi
umaz
ide;
NaN
3;
@266
28-2
2-8#
Solv
ents
T.C
urtiu
san
dJ.
Ris
som
,J.
Prak
t.C
hem
.58
,26
1
309
~189
8!.
riab
les:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
K:
283
29
0J.
Hal
a
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
Solu
bilit
yof
NaN
3in
wat
eror
etha
nol
atdi
ffer
ent
tem
pera
ture
sa
Solv
ent
Tem
pera
ture
(t/
C)
NaN
3
(g/1
00g
solv
ent!
NaN
3
(m1
/mol
kg2
1)b
ater
;H
2O
;@7
732-
18-5
#10
40.1
66.
178
15.2
40.7
6.26
1
1741
.76.
414
hano
l;C
2H
6O
;@6
4-17
-5#
160.
3153
0.04
85
olid
phas
esw
ere
not
inve
stig
ated
.al
cula
ted
byco
mpi
ler.
ditio
nal
info
rmat
ion:
Satu
rate
dso
lutio
nsof
NaN
3in
wat
ersh
owed
alka
line
reac
tion.
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
etho
dA
ppar
atusP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
isot
herm
alm
etho
dw
asus
ed.
Exc
ess
salt
was
kept
innt
act
with
the
solv
ent
for
seve
ral
wee
ksun
der
occa
sion
alrr
ing
ina
room
with
cons
tant
tem
pera
ture
.E
quili
briu
mpe
ratu
rew
asm
easu
red
inth
esa
tura
ted
solu
tions
prio
rth
draw
alof
the
sam
ples
.Aw
eigh
edam
ount
ofth
esa
tura
ted
lutio
nw
asth
enev
apor
ated
ina
plat
inum
dish
,an
ddr
ied
ina
sicc
ator
until
cons
tant
wei
ght
was
atta
ined
.
NaN
3w
aspr
epar
edby
neut
raliz
ing
8%aq
ueou
sso
lutio
nof
HN
3
with
NaO
H.T
heso
lutio
nof
the
acid
was
obta
ined
bydi
still
atio
nw
ithdi
lute
H2SO
4of
eith
erPb
~N3) 2
orN
H4N
3ac
cord
ing
toC
urtiu
s.1
NaN
3w
asre
crys
talli
zed
from
wat
er,
and
drie
dov
erco
ncen
trat
edH
2SO
4in
ava
cuum
dess
icat
or.
Ana
lysi
s,fo
und/
calc
ulat
edfo
rN
aN3
~%!:
Na
35.3
1
35.3
5/35
.38.
Puri
tyof
wat
erno
tsp
ecifi
ed.A
bsol
ute
etha
nol
was
used
.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:Te
mpe
ratu
re:
not
repo
rted
.So
lubi
lity:
insu
ffici
ent
data
give
nto
allo
wfo
rer
ror
estim
ate.
Ref
eren
ces:
1 T.
Cur
tius,
Ber
.24
,33
41~1
891!
.
99JIRI HALA
. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
Met
hod
App
arat
usP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
Free
zing
curv
ew
asob
tain
edby
poly
ther
mal
met
hod.
The
solu
bilit
ycu
rve
was
obta
ined
byis
othe
rmal
met
hod.
Exc
ess
salt
was
equi
libra
ted
with
wat
erin
ath
erm
osta
tfo
r1
day
incl
osed
vess
els.
Inth
esa
tura
ted
solu
tions
,az
ide
was
prec
ipita
ted
with
AgN
O3
,an
dsu
bseq
uent
lyde
term
ined
grav
imet
rica
llyas
AgC
l,lit
hium
was
dete
rmin
edgr
avim
etri
cally
asL
i 2SO
4.
Coo
ling
curv
esw
ere
obta
ined
bypo
lyth
erm
alm
etho
d,th
etim
ene
cess
ary
tore
ach
equi
libri
umw
asno
tsp
ecifi
ed.
Itw
asst
ated
that
equi
libri
umw
asat
tain
edve
rysl
owly
,an
dth
atth
esy
stem
ssh
owed
cons
ider
able
tend
ency
tosu
pers
atur
atio
nev
enw
hen
inoc
ulat
ed.
No
deta
ilsre
port
ed.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:Te
mpe
ratu
re:
60.
1
0.5
K~a
utho
rs!.
Solu
bilit
y:10
0w
1:6
0.3%
0.
4%~a
utho
rs!.
Ref
eren
ces:
1 T.
Cur
tius
and
J.R
isso
m,
J.Pr
akt.
Che
m.
58,
261
~189
8!.
Co
~1!
~2!
Va
T/ W Et
a S b C Ad
M An
co sti
tem
wi
so de
J
FIG
.2.
Phas
edi
agra
mof
the
NaN
3
H2O
syst
em@~
full
circ
les!
poly
ther
mal
mea
sure
men
ts;
~ope
nci
rcle
s!is
othe
rmal
mea
sure
men
ts;
~tri
angl
es!
data
from
Cur
tius
and
Ris
som
,1in
clud
edby
the
auth
or#.
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
etho
dA
ppar
atusP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
efr
eezi
ngcu
rve
was
obta
ined
bypo
lyth
erm
alm
etho
d.T
helu
bilit
ycu
rve
was
obta
ined
byis
othe
rmal
met
hod.
Exc
ess
tw
aseq
uilib
rate
dw
ithw
ater
ina
ther
mos
tat
for
1da
yin
sed
vess
els.
Insa
mpl
esof
the
satu
rate
dso
lutio
ns,
azid
ew
asci
pita
ted
with
AgN
O3
,an
dsu
bseq
uent
lyde
term
ined
vim
etri
cally
asA
gCl,
sodi
umw
asde
term
ined
vim
etri
cally
asN
a 2SO
4.
Coo
ling
curv
esw
ere
obta
ined
byly
ther
mal
met
hod.
Equ
ilibr
ium
time
was
not
spec
ified
.
No
deta
ilsre
port
ed.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:In
suffi
cien
tda
tare
port
edto
allo
wfo
rer
ror
estim
ate.
Ref
eren
ces:
1 T.
Cur
tius
and
J.R
isso
m,
J.Pr
akt.
Che
m.
58,
261
~189
8!.
1010 IUPAC-NIST SOLUBILITY DATA SERIES
Com
pone
nts:
Ori
gina
lM
easu
rem
ents
:
~1!
Sodi
umaz
ide;
NaN
3;
@266
28-2
2-8#
~2!
Wat
er;
H2O
;@7
732-
18-5
#J.
Woh
lgem
uth,
Com
pt.
Ren
d.19
8,60
1
3~1
934!
.
Var
iabl
es:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
Tem
pera
ture
J.H
ala
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
Tem
pera
ture
(t/
C)
NaN
3
(100
w1
/mas
s%
)N
aN3
(m1
/mol
kg2
1)c
Not
e
220
26.8
5.63
met
asta
ble
eute
ctic
poin
t(i
ce1
NaN
3)
215
.121
.64.
24eu
tect
icpo
int
22.
127
.85.
92tr
ansi
tion
poin
t
028
5.98
100
35.6
8.50
a Res
ults
wer
epr
esen
ted
ingr
aphi
cal
form
~Fig
.2!
.N
umer
ical
valu
esw
ere
repo
rted
for
five
sign
ifica
ntpo
ints
inth
eph
ase
diag
ram
.b S
olid
phas
esw
ere
repo
rted
tobe
NaN
33
H2O
,@
#,be
twee
n2
15.1
Can
d2
2.1
C,
and
NaN
3,
@266
28-2
2-8#
,ab
ove
22.
1C
.c C
alcu
late
dby
com
pile
r.
M Th
so sal
clo
pre
gra
gra
po
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
mpo
nent
s:O
rigi
nal
Mea
sure
men
ts:
Sodi
umaz
ide;
NaN
3;
@266
28-2
2-8#
Eth
anol
;C
2H
6O
;@6
4-17
-5#
J.A
.C
rans
ton
and
A.
Y.
Liv
ings
tone
,J.
Che
m.
Soc.
501
3
~192
6!.
riab
les:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
K:
273
J.H
ala
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
The
solu
bilit
yof
NaN
3w
asre
port
edto
be0.
22g
salt
in10
0g
solv
ent
at0
C.
From
this
valu
eth
eco
mpi
ler
calc
ulat
edm
1
0.03
38m
olkg
21.
Add
ition
alin
form
atio
n:T
heau
thor
sal
sore
port
edth
eso
lubi
lity
ofN
aN3
inbo
iling
etha
nol
tobe
0.46
gsa
ltin
100
gso
lven
t.B
oilin
gin
tof
the
satu
rate
dso
lutio
nan
dat
mos
pher
icpr
essu
reat
whi
chth
em
easu
rem
ent
was
cond
ucte
dw
ere
not
repo
rted
.
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
etho
dA
ppar
atusP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
isot
herm
alm
etho
dw
asus
ed,
deta
ilsw
ere
not
repo
rted
.al
ysis
ofth
esa
tura
ted
solu
tions
was
carr
ied
out
bytit
ratin
gid
e1in
wei
ghed
sam
ples
.
No
info
rmat
ion
onN
aN3
repo
rted
.E
than
olus
edha
dde
nsity
of0.
799
gcm
23
at17
C.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:Te
mpe
ratu
re:
prec
isio
nno
tre
port
ed.
Solu
bilit
y:in
suffi
cien
tda
tare
port
edto
allo
wfo
rer
ror
estim
ate.
Ref
eren
ces:
1 F.
Ras
chig
,C
hem
.Z
tg.
1203
~190
8!.
1111JIRI HALA
. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
Com
pone
nts:
Ori
gina
lM
easu
rem
ents
:
~1!
Sodi
umaz
ide;
NaN
3;
@266
28-2
2-8#
~2!
Eth
anol
;C
2H
6O
;@6
4-17
-5#
~3!
Wat
er;
H2O
;@7
732-
18-5
#
E.
Lie
ber,
C.
N.
R.
Rao
,H
.E
.D
ingl
e,an
dJ.
Teet
sow
,J.
Che
m.
Eng
.D
ata
11,
105
~196
6!.
Var
iabl
es:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
T/K
:29
8C
once
ntra
tion
ofet
hano
l/%~v
/v!:
0
95.5
J.H
ala
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
Solu
bilit
yat
25C
ofN
aN3
inw
ater
et
hano
lso
lutio
nsa
C2H
6O
~%,v
/v!
NaN
3
(g/1
00g
solv
ent!
NaN
3
(m1
/mol
kg2
1)d
043
.60b
6.70
7
4017
.95b
18.1
9c
6011
.17b
10.4
8c
804.
21c
95.5
0.81
b1.
05c
a Sol
idph
ases
wer
eno
tin
vest
igat
ed.
b Syn
thet
icm
etho
d.c I
soth
erm
alm
etho
d.d C
alcu
late
dby
com
pile
r.
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
Met
hod
App
arat
usP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
The
solu
bilit
ies
wer
ede
term
ined
bysy
nthe
tican
dis
othe
rmal
met
hods
.In
the
synt
hetic
met
hod,
1th
eso
lutio
nsof
know
nco
mpo
sitio
nsw
ere
prep
ared
,an
dth
eir
satu
ratio
npo
ints
wer
ede
term
ined
byva
ryin
gth
ete
mpe
ratu
re.
Inth
eis
othe
rmal
met
hod,
sam
ples
ofth
esa
tura
ted
solu
tions
wer
eev
apor
ated
,an
dth
ere
sidu
ew
asdr
ied
and
wei
ghed
.T
heau
thor
sco
nsid
ered
the
resu
ltsob
tain
edby
isot
herm
alm
etho
das
mor
eac
cura
tean
dre
liabl
e.
No
deta
ilsre
port
ed.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:Te
mpe
ratu
re:
prec
isio
nno
tre
port
ed.
Solu
bilit
y:in
suffi
cien
tda
tare
port
edto
allo
wfo
rer
ror
estim
ate.
Ref
eren
ces:
1 O.F
lasc
hner
and
B.M
acE
wen
,J.C
hem
.Soc
.93,
1000
~190
8!.
Co
~1!
~2!
Va
T/
5 po M An
An
az
J
mpo
nent
s:O
rigi
nal
Mea
sure
men
ts:
Sodi
umaz
ide;
NaN
3;
@266
28-2
2-8#
Solv
ents
R.A
lexa
nder
,E
.C
.F.
Ko,
Y.
C.
Mac
,an
dA
.J.
Park
er,
J.A
m.
Che
m.
Soc.
89,
3703
12
~196
7!.
riab
les:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
K:
273
or29
8J.
Hal
a
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
Solu
bilit
ypr
oduc
tof
NaN
3in
thre
eso
lven
tsa
Solv
ent
Tem
pera
ture
(t/
C)
Ksp
bN
aN3
(c1
/mol
dm2
3)c
Met
hano
l;C
H4O
;@6
7-56
-1#
010
20.
90.
355
ulfin
yl-b
ism
etha
ne;d
C2H
6O
S;@6
7-68
-5#
2510
20.
640.
479
N-d
imet
hylf
orm
amid
e;C
3H
7N
O;
@68-
12-2
#25
102
1.9
0.11
2
olid
phas
ew
asN
aN3
,@2
6628
-22-
8#,
inal
lso
lven
ts.
sp5
@Na1
#@N
32#
alcu
late
dby
com
pile
r.im
ethy
lsul
foxi
de.
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
etho
dA
ppar
atusP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
isot
herm
alm
etho
dw
asus
ed.
Satu
rate
dso
lutio
nsw
ere
pare
dby
shak
ing
the
solid
with
the
solv
ent
ina
stop
pere
dsk
at35
Cfo
r24
h,an
dth
enfo
rfu
rthe
r24
hat
0C
etha
nol!
orat
25C
~oth
ertw
oso
lven
ts!.
The
liqui
dph
ases
rean
alyz
edby
pote
ntio
met
ric
titra
tion
with
AgN
O3
.T
helid
phas
esw
ere
anal
yzed
afte
rdr
ying
at1
mm
Hg
for
48h
room
tem
pera
ture
.
NaN
3,A
nala
rgr
ade
prod
uct,
sour
ceno
tspe
cifie
d.M
etha
nolw
aspu
rifie
dac
cord
ing
toC
lare
etal
.1D
imet
hyls
ulfo
xide
was
apr
oduc
tof
Cro
wn
Zel
lerb
ach
Cor
p.N
,N-d
imet
hylf
orm
amid
e~s
ourc
eno
tsp
ecifi
ed!
was
drie
dw
ithty
pe4A
mol
ecul
arsi
eve,
and
frac
tiona
ted
twic
eun
der
redu
ced
pres
sure
ofdr
yni
trog
en.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:Te
mpe
ratu
re:
prec
isio
nno
tre
port
ed.
Solu
bilit
y:in
suffi
cien
tda
tagi
ven
toal
low
for
erro
res
timat
e.
Ref
eren
ces:
1.B
.W.C
lare
,D.C
ook,
E.C
.F.K
o,Y
.C.M
ac,a
ndA
.J.P
arke
r,J.
Am
.C
hem
.So
c.88
,19
11~1
966!
.
1212 IUPAC-NIST SOLUBILITY DATA SERIES
Com
pone
nts:
Ori
gina
lM
easu
rem
ents
:
~1!
Sodi
umaz
ide;
NaN
3;
@266
28-2
2-8#
~2!
Met
hano
l;C
H4O
;@6
7-56
-1#
F.H
udsw
ell,
J.S.
Nai
rn,
and
K.
R.
Gad
sby,
J.A
ppl.
Che
m.,
Supp
l.Is
sue.
No.
2,S1
37
8~1
951!
.
Var
iabl
es:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
T/K
:29
8J.
Hal
a
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
The
solu
bilit
yof
NaN
3w
asre
port
edto
be2.
491
or2.
486
gsa
ltin
100
cm3
ofth
esa
tura
ted
solu
tion
at25
C,
asde
term
ined
from
wei
ght
ofth
ere
sidu
eor
titra
tion,
resp
ectiv
ely.
Usi
ngth
eso
lubi
lity
ofN
aN3
inw
ater
of40
.8g
salt
per
100
gw
ater
at20
C,1
and
the
dens
ityof
the
satu
rate
dso
lutio
nof
NaN
3in
met
hano
lof
0.80
83g
cm2
3 ,th
eau
thor
sco
rrec
ted
the
expe
rim
enta
llyde
term
ined
solu
bilit
yin
met
hano
lfo
rth
eco
ntri
butio
nfr
om0.
035
mas
s%
wat
erin
met
hano
lus
ed,
and
obta
ined
the
solu
bilit
yof
NaN
3as
3.16
60.
01g
NaN
3
in10
0g
anhy
drou
sm
etha
nol,
or2.
48N
aN3
in10
0cm
3of
the
satu
rate
dso
lutio
n.Fr
omth
efo
rmer
valu
eth
eco
mpi
ler
obta
ined
m1
50.
486
mol
kg2
1.
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
Met
hod
App
arat
usP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
An
isot
herm
alm
etho
dw
asus
ed.
Exc
ess
solid
was
shak
enm
echa
nica
llyw
ithth
eso
lven
tfo
r5
min
,an
dth
enke
ptin
ath
erm
osta
tfo
r1
h.T
his
proc
edur
ew
asre
peat
edth
ree
times
whi
chw
assu
ffici
ent
tore
ach
equi
libri
um.
Twen
tym
Lof
the
satu
rate
dso
lutio
nw
asw
ithdr
awn
with
api
pette
thro
ugh
asi
nter
ed/g
lass
filte
r,an
dth
eso
lven
tw
asev
apor
ated
belo
w50
Cin
aw
eigh
edbe
aker
.T
here
sidu
ew
asdr
ied
at50
Cto
cons
tant
wei
ght,
and
corr
ecte
dfo
rbl
ank
expe
rim
ent.
The
resi
due
was
then
anal
yzed
for
NaN
3by
reac
ting
itw
ithex
cess
(NH
4) 2
Ce~
NO
3) 6
and
back
-titr
atin
gex
cess
Ce~
IV!
with
FeSO
4
usin
gth
eo-
phen
anth
rolin
eFe
~II!
com
plex
asin
dica
tor.
NaN
3,
sour
ceno
tspe
cifie
d,co
ntai
ned
99.9
%N
aN3
afte
rdr
ying
toco
nsta
ntw
eigh
tat
50C
.It
was
used
with
out
furt
her
puri
ficat
ion.
Met
hano
l,bo
iling
poin
t65
C,
was
ofhi
gh-g
rade
puri
ty.
Itco
ntai
ned
0.03
5m
ass
%w
ater
.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:Te
mpe
ratu
re:
prec
isio
nno
tre
port
ed.
Solu
bilit
y:6
0.2%
~aut
hors
,ba
sed
onth
ree
mea
sure
men
ts;
indi
vidu
alre
sults
not
repo
rted
!.
Ref
eren
ces:
1 T.
Cur
tius
and
J.R
isso
m,
J.Pr
akt.
Che
m.
58,
261
~189
8!.
Co
~1!
~2!
Va
T/ S
N,
a S b K c C d D M An
pre
fla ~m we
so at
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
mpo
nent
s:O
rigi
nal
Mea
sure
men
ts:
Sodi
umaz
ide;
NaN
3;
@266
28-2
2-8#
Sodi
umam
ide;
NaN
H2
;@7
782-
92-5
#A
mm
onia
;N
H3
;@7
664-
41-7
#
T.K
awak
ami
and
S.M
orot
o,N
agoy
aK
ogyo
Giju
tsu
Shke
nsho
Hok
oku
8,79
3
8~1
959!
.
riab
les:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
K:
273
30
3/m
olkg
21:
0
0.13
H.A
kaiw
aan
dJ.
Hal
a
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
Solu
bilit
yin
the
NaN
3
NaN
H2
liqui
dam
mon
iasy
stem
mpe
ratu
re(t
/C
)N
aNH
2
(g/1
00g
NH
3)
NaN
H2
(m2
/mol
kg2
1)b
NaN
3
(g/1
00g
NH
3)
NaN
3
(m1
/mol
kg2
1)b
Solid
phas
ea
00.
910.
0233
50.5
7.77
A
0.92
0.02
3148
.57.
46A
2.69
0.06
9051
.47.
91A
1B
2.32
0.05
9543
.46.
68B
1.98
0.05
0834
.45.
29B
1.70
0.04
3634
.75.
34B
1.24
0.03
1822
.13.
40B
0.78
0.02
0012
.61.
94B
0.77
0.01
9711
.41.
75B
100
048
.67.
48A
1.51
0.03
8748
.57.
46A
3.10
0.07
9549
.17.
55A
1B
3.16
0.08
1050
.17.
71A
1B
2.73
0.07
0042
.56.
54B
2.11
0.05
4131
.54.
85B
1.58
0.04
0522
.33.
43B
0.98
0.02
5112
.31.
89B
200.
800.
0205
48.1
7.40
A
2.31
0.05
0949
.57.
62A
3.68
0.09
4348
.47.
45A
1B
2.70
0.06
9235
.85.
51B
2.48
0.06
3631
.24.
80B
1.97
0.05
0525
.73.
95B
1.87
0.04
7923
.13.
55B
1.51
0.03
8719
.93.
06B
1.52
0.03
9019
.32.
97B
1.11
0.02
8512
.41.
91B
0.74
0.01
907.
571.
16B
0.51
0.01
315.
050.
777
B
301.
590.
0408
47.2
7.26
A
3.39
0.08
6948
.67.
48A
1B
5.07
0.13
046
.07.
08B
4.40
0.11
339
.86.
12B
3.44
0.08
8231
.94.
91B
2.72
0.06
9724
.83.
82B
2.32
0.05
9521
.13.
25B
a A:
NaN
3,
@266
628-
22-8
#;B
:N
aNH
2,
@778
2-92
-5#.
b Cal
cula
ted
byco
mpi
ler
~J.H
.!.
1313JIRI HALA
. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
Com
pone
nts:
Ori
gina
lM
easu
rem
ents
:
~1!
Sodi
umaz
ide;
NaN
3;
@266
28-2
2-8#
~2!
Am
mon
ia;
NH
3;
@766
4-41
-7#
T.K
awak
ami
and
S.M
orot
o,N
agoy
aK
ogyo
Giju
tsu
Shke
nsho
Hok
oku
8,79
3
8~1
959!
.
Var
iabl
es:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
T/K
:23
1.7
26
3.9
H.A
kaiw
aan
dJ.
Hal
a
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
Solu
bilit
yof
NaN
3in
liqui
dam
mon
iaas
afu
nctio
nof
tem
pera
ture
Tem
pera
ture
(t/
C)
NaN
3
(g/1
00g
NH
3)
NaN
3
(m1
/mol
kg2
1)a
Solid
phas
eb
29.
351
.45
7.91
A
218
.052
.51
8.08
A
227
.952
.23
8.03
c
228
.950
.40
7.75
c
232
.844
.69
6.78
c
236
.039
.25
6.03
B
237
.038
.60
5.94
B
241
.532
.14
4.94
B
a Cal
cula
ted
byco
mpi
ler
~J.H
.!.
b A:
NaN
3;
@266
28-2
2-8#
;B
:N
aN36
NH
3,
@#.
c Not
repo
rted
.
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
Met
hod
App
arat
usP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
Dri
edN
aN3
~2.9
84g!
and
exce
ssof
drie
dliq
uid
amm
onia
wer
ein
trod
uced
into
apr
essu
rebo
ttle.
The
mix
ture
was
tran
sfer
red
into
aD
ewar
flask
and
cool
edw
ithac
eton
e/dr
yic
eco
olan
t.T
heso
lubi
lity
ofN
aN3
was
dete
rmin
edby
the
clou
dm
etho
d.A
tte
mpe
ratu
res
belo
w2
35C
the
solu
tions
show
eda
tend
ency
tow
ard
supe
rsat
urat
ion.
NaN
3,
com
mer
cial
lyav
aila
ble
prod
uct
~sou
rce
not
spec
ified
!,w
asre
crys
talli
zed
from
liqui
dam
mon
ia.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:Te
mpe
ratu
re:
60.
2K
~aut
hors
!.So
lubi
lity:
prec
isio
nno
tre
port
ed.
Co
~1!
~2!
~3!
Va
T/
m2
Te
J
mpo
nent
s:O
rigi
nal
Mea
sure
men
ts:
Sodi
umaz
ide;
NaN
3;
@266
28-2
2-8#
6,7,
9,10
,17,
18,2
0,21
-oct
ahyd
ro-d
iben
zo@b
,k#
4,7,
10,1
3,16
#hex
aoxa
cycl
ooct
adec
in;
0H24
O6
;@1
4187
-32-
7#~1
8-di
benz
o-cr
own-
6!So
lven
ts
L.
N.
Yas
treb
ov,
T.M
.Sh
uvae
va,
and
L.
N.
Kra
vche
nko,
Zh.
Prik
l.K
him
.50
,21
07
8~1
977!
.
riab
les:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
/mol
dm2
3:
0
0.15
J.H
ala
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
Solu
bilit
yof
NaN
3in
vari
ous
solv
ents
asa
func
tion
of18
-dib
enzo
-cro
wn-
6co
ncen
trat
ion
Solv
ent
Tem
pera
ture
(t/
C)
C20
H24
O6
(c2
/mol
dm2
3)
NaN
3
(c1
/mol
dm2
3)
ulfin
yl-b
is~m
etha
ne!;
aC
2H
6O
S;@6
7-68
-5#
800
1.1
0.05
1.1
0.10
1.19
0.15
1.66
N-d
imet
hylf
orm
amid
e;C
3H
6N
O;
@68-
12-2
#80
00.
18
0.05
0.19
0.10
0.21
0.15
0.26
Eth
anol
;C
2H
6O
;@6
4-17
-5#
750
0.11
0.05
0.12
0.10
0.17
0.15
0.31
Ace
tone
;C
3H
6O
;@6
7-64
-1#
550
0.00
24
0.05
0.00
58
0.10
0.01
04
0.15
0.01
39
2-B
utan
one;
C4H
8O
;@7
8-93
-3#
750
0.00
19
0.05
0.00
28
0.10
0.00
70
0.15
0.01
15
Cyc
lohe
xano
ne;
C6H
10O
;@1
08-9
4-1#
800.
150.
0038
Ace
toni
trile
;C
2H
3N
;@7
5-05
-8#
800.
150.
0092
a Dim
ethy
lsul
foxi
de.
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
Met
hod
App
arat
usP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
No
info
rmat
ion
repo
rted
.N
oin
form
atio
nre
port
ed.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:Te
mpe
ratu
re:
prec
isio
nno
tre
port
ed.
Solu
bilit
y:in
suffi
cien
tda
tagi
ven
toal
low
for
erro
res
timat
e.
1414 IUPAC-NIST SOLUBILITY DATA SERIES
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
Met
hod
App
arat
usP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
An
isot
herm
alm
etho
dw
asus
ed.
Exc
ess
ofso
lids
wer
eeq
uilib
rate
dw
ithliq
uid
amm
onia
atth
ede
sire
dte
mpe
ratu
rein
apr
essu
rebo
ttle
imm
erse
din
ath
erm
osta
ted
Dew
arfla
sk.
Insa
mpl
esof
the
satu
rate
dso
lutio
ns,
amm
onia
was
dete
rmin
edfr
omw
eigh
tlo
ssaf
ter
allo
win
git
toev
apor
ate
from
aw
eigh
edsa
mpl
e.T
heco
nten
tof
NaN
H2
inth
ere
sidu
ew
asde
term
ined
alka
limet
rica
llyaf
ter
deco
mpo
sing
the
amid
eby
addi
ngca
rbon
ate-
free
wat
er.
The
NH
3lib
erat
edw
asab
sorb
edin
exce
ssst
anda
rdH
2SO
4so
lutio
n,an
dex
cess
acid
was
back
-titr
ated
agai
nst
NaO
Hso
lutio
n.T
hem
etho
dfo
rN
aN3
dete
rmin
atio
nw
asno
tre
port
ed.
NaN
3,
sour
ceno
tsp
ecifi
ed,
was
apr
oduc
tof
99.4
5%
99.6
5%pu
rity
.NaN
H2
was
prep
ared
byre
duct
ion
ofN
aN3
with
sodi
umm
etal
inliq
uid
amm
onia
,usi
ngir
onpo
wde
ras
aca
taly
st.P
urity
ofth
epr
oduc
tw
asno
tre
port
ed.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:Te
mpe
ratu
re:
prec
isio
n6
0.2
K~a
utho
rs!.
Solu
bilit
y:in
suffi
cien
tda
tagi
ven
toal
low
for
erro
res
timat
e.
Co
~1!
~2!
@1,
C2
~3!
Va
c 2 S N,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
Tetr
ahyd
rofu
rane
;C
4H
8O
;@1
09-9
9-9#
650.
153
0.00
21
1,4-
Dio
xane
;C
4H
8O
2;
@123
-91-
1#80
0.15
30.
0042
Ben
zene
;C
6H
6;
@71-
43-2
#80
0.15
30.
0064
a Dim
ethy
lsul
foxi
de.
b Bas
edon
the
effe
ctof
met
hano
lon
the
solu
bilit
yof
NaN
3,
the
com
pile
ras
sum
edth
isfig
ure
coul
dbe
am
ispr
int.
The
corr
ectv
alue
coul
dbe
eith
er0.
15or
0.05
.
Aux
iliar
yIn
form
atio
n
Met
hod
App
arat
usP
roce
dure
:So
urce
and
Pur
ity
ofM
ater
ials
:
Not
hing
spec
ified
.N
othi
ngsp
ecifi
ed.
Est
imat
edE
rror
:So
lubi
lity:
insu
ffici
ent
data
give
nto
allo
wfo
rer
ror
estim
ate.
3.3.
Po
tass
ium
Azi
de
3.3.
1.E
valu
atio
no
fth
eK
N3
H2O
Sys
tem
mpo
nent
s:E
valu
ator
:
Pota
ssiu
maz
ide;
KN
3;
@207
62-6
0-1#
Wat
er;
H2O
;@7
732-
18-5
#J.
Hal
a,D
epar
tmen
tof
Inor
gani
cC
hem
istr
y,M
asar
ykU
nive
rsity
,61
137
Brn
o,C
zech
Rep
ublic
,Ju
ne20
01
Cri
tica
lE
valu
atio
nT
heso
lubi
lity
ofK
N3
inw
ater
was
mea
sure
dby
isot
herm
alm
etho
din
two
docu
men
ts.
Cur
tius
and
Ris
som
1re
port
edth
ree
valu
estw
een
283.
6an
d29
0.1
K,w
hile
Woh
lgem
uth2
repo
rted
the
phas
edi
agra
mof
the
KN
3
H2O
syst
em,a
ndnu
mer
ical
data
only
at27
3.1
d37
3.1
K.
Alth
ough
the
two
sets
ofda
taw
ere
obta
ined
unde
rdi
ffer
ent
equi
libra
tion
cond
ition
san
dw
ithun
know
npr
ecis
ion
ofpe
ratu
rem
easu
rem
ent
the
data
seem
tobe
ingo
odag
reem
ent
sinc
eth
eyfa
llon
ast
raig
htlin
e.L
east
squa
retr
eatm
ent
ofth
eda
tatw
een
273.
1an
d29
0.1
Kyi
elde
dan
equa
tion
for
the
solu
bilit
yof
KN
3in
wat
eras
afu
nctio
nof
tem
pera
ture
asm
1/m
olkg
215
0.05
94T
211
.11,
ich
can
beus
edto
obta
inte
ntat
ive
solu
bilit
ies
inth
em
entio
ned
tem
pera
ture
rang
e.
fere
nces
:
.C
urtiu
san
dJ.
Ris
som
,J.
Prak
t.C
hem
.58
,26
1~1
898!
.
Woh
lgem
uth,
Com
pt.
Ren
d.19
8,60
1~1
934!
.
1515JIRI HALA
. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2004
Com
pone
nts:
Ori
gina
lM
easu
rem
ents
:
~1!
Sodi
umaz
ide;
NaN
3;
@266
28-2
2-8#
~2!
6,7,
9,10
,17,
18,2
0,21
-oct
ahyd
ro-d
iben
zo@b
,k#
@1,4
,7,1
0,13
,16#
hexa
oxac
yclo
octa
deci
n;C
20H
24O
6;
@141
87-3
27#
~18-
dibe
nzo-
crow
n-6!
~3!
Met
hano
l;C
H4O
;@6
7-56
-1#
~4!
Solv
ents
L.
N.
Yas
treb
ov,
T.M
.Sh
uvae
va,
and
L.
N.
Kra
vche
nko,
Zh.
Prik
l.K
him
.50
,21
07
8~1
977!
.
Var
iabl
es:
Pre
pare
dB
y:
Con
cent
ratio
nof
CH
4O
/v/v
%:
1
3Fo
rea
chso
lven
tm
easu
rem
ents
wer
eca
rrie
dou
tat
one
tem
pera
ture
and
one
18-d
iben
zo-C
row
n-6
conc
entr
atio
n.
J.H
ala
Exp
erim
enta
lD
ata
Solu
bilit
yof
NaN
3in
vari
ous
solv
ents
inth
epr
esen
ceof
18-d
iben
zo-c
row
n-6
asa
func
tion
ofm
etha
nol
conc
entr
atio
n
Solv
ent
Tem
pera
ture
(t/
C)
C20
H24
O6
(c2
/mol
dm2
3)
Met
h