1
Kingdom ANIMALIA, Part 1:
Invertebrate Phyla every person
should know
Designed by Prof. Annie Hannan for your learning pleasure.
Phylum PORIFERA
The Porifera include the sponges,
the most primitive animal phylum.
PORIFERA - SPONGES
• FILTER FEEDS ON PLANKTON
• REPRODUCES BY ASEXUALLY (BUDDING) OR
SEXUALLY
• INDIVIDUAL CELLS MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS;
NO TISSUES OR ORGANS; COLD-BLOODED
• IS ASYMETRICAL AND MULTICELLULAR BUT
HAS NO TISSUES OR ORGANS
• FOUND IN MARINE AND FRESH WATER
ENVIRONMENTS
• 9000 SPECIES, 150 OF WHICH ARE FRESH
WATER SPECIES
Phylum CNIDARIA
The Cnidarians have stinging cells
and are motile at some point in
their life cycle.
CoralsJellyfish Sea Anemones
2
CNIDARIA• USES STINGING NEMATOCYSTS TO STING AND
DISABLE FISH
• DIGESTIVE SYSTEM HAS ONLY ONE OPENING
• REPRODUCES BY BUDDING & SEXUALLY
• NO ORGAN SYSTEMS BUT DOES HAVE DISTINCT
TISSUES; COLD-BLOODED
• HAS RADIAL SYMMETRY
• FOUND IN MARINE AND FRESH WATER; FOOD FOR
SEA TURTLES, PROTECTION FOR CLOWN FISH
• OVER 10,000 SPECIES OF CNIDARIANS
‘WORM’ PHYLA
• Phylum PLATYHELMINTHES
(FLAT WORMS)
• Phylum NEMATODA (ROUND WORMS)
• Phylum ANNELIDA
(SEGMENTED WORMS)
Phylum PLATYHELMINTHES
(FLAT WORMS)Phylum NEMATODA - ROUNDWORMS
Phylum ANNELIDA
(SEGMENTED WORMS)
‘WORM’ PHYLA
• SOME ARE PARASITES WHILE OTHERS ARE FREE-LIVING DECOMPOSERS
• REPRODUCE SEXUALLY AND ASEXUALLY
• HAVE A SIMPLE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, A SIMPLE NERVOUS SYSTEM, AND A SIMPLE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM = ORGANIZED INTO ORGAN SYSTEMS
• HAS BILATERAL SYMETRY AND CEPHALIZATION
• 12,000 SPECIES IN EACH OF THE THREE PHYLA
3
Phylum MOLLUSCA
Mollusks are found on land and on sea
and many live inside a shell.
Land SnailGiant clam
Some mollusks have extremely
complex body systems and behaviors.
Octopus Nautilus
MOLLUSCA
• SOME ARE HERBIVORES, SOME ARE FILTER-
FEEDERS, AND SOME ARE CARNIVORES
• MANY ARE HERMAPHRODITIC (BOTH MALE AND
FEMALE ORGANS)
• HAVE CIRCULATORY, EXCRETORY, DIGESTIVE,
AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS
• HAVE A SHELL, A MANTLE FOR OXYGEN-
EXCHANGE, AND A FOOT FOR LOCOMOTION
• TERRESTRIAL, FRESHWATER, AND MARINE
• 110,000 SPECIES WORLDWIDE
Phylum ARTHROPODA
Class ARACHNIDAPhylum ARTHROPODA
Subphylum CRUSTACEA
4
Phylum ARTHROPODA
Class MYRIOPODA
Phylum ARTHROPODA
Class INSECTA
ARTHROPODA
• ARE HERBIVORES, CARNIVORES, AND
DECOMPOSERS
• HAVE A SEXUAL LIFE CYCLE WITH SOME
MOLTING AND SOME METAMORPHOSIZING
• HAVE OPEN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM, NERVOUS
AND DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS
• HAVE SEGMENTED BODIES WITH JOINTED
APPENDAGES, EXOSKELETONS, AND BILATERAL
SYMMETRY, MAY HAVE WINGS
• OVER 1 MILLION SPECIES
Phylum ECHINODERMATA
Echinoderms have radial symmetry
and have embryological development
similar to chordates.
Sea Urchins Starfish
ECHINODERMATA
• ALL ARE VORACIOUS CARNIVORES
• CAN REGENERATE OR REPRODUCE SEXUALLY
• HAVE A COMPLEX ‘WATER VASCULAR’ SYSTEM
FOR MOVING AROUND; HAVE A NERVOUS AND
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
• HAVE RADIAL SYMMETRY IN ADULTS
• RESTRICTED TO MARINE ENVIRONMENTS
• HAVE AN ENDOSKELETON
• 6,000 SPECIES