KINGDOM OF LESOTHO
NATIONAL DROUGHT CONTINGENCY PLAN 2018/19
_____________________________________________
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Acknowledgements
The Disaster Management Authority (DMA) would like to pay its most sincere gratitude to the men and women of Lesotho who
participated in the process of the Drought Contingency Planning and their Institutions; Government Ministries and
departments, UN Agencies and Non – Governmental Organizations (NGO’s).
DMA is counting on all your support to further engage with you whenever there is a need to review this plan.
The following Institutions participated:
Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (MAFS)
Ministry of Water & Meteorology – Department of Water Affairs (DWA) & Meteorology(MET)
& Department of Rural Water Supply
Ministry of Health
Ministry of Social Development
Ministry of Forestry, Range and Soil Reclamation
Ministry of Police
Bureau of Statistics
Ministry of Works and Transport (POWT)
Food and Management Unit (FMU)
Food and Nutrition Coordinating Office(FNCO
WASCO
LHDA
UNFPA
UNICEF
WHO
WFP
RCO
FAO
World Vision Lesotho
Food & Agriculture Organization
Disaster Management Authority
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Abbreviations and Acronyms
1. CRS Catholic Relief Services
2. CHAL Christian Health Association of Lesotho
3. BDS Building Design Services
4. DRWS Department of Rural Water Supply
5. DSC Department of Social Welfare
6. BOS Bureau Of Statistics
7. EWD Early Warning Department
8. MOCST Ministry Of Communication Science and Technology
9. MTICM Ministry of Trade and Industry, Cooperatives and Marketing
10. VAM Vulnerability Assessments Methods
11. DRR Disaster Risk Reduction
12. IEC Instruct, Educate and Communicate
13. MUAC Mid-Upper Arm Circumference
14. EMOP Emergency Operations
15. SRV Senqu River Vallley
16. UNDAC United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination
17. LCN Lesotho Council of NGOs
18. CGPU Children and Gender Protection Unit
19. TRC Transformation Resource Centre???
20. TED Technical Education Department?
21. UNDP United Nations Development Programme
22. COW Commission Of Water
23. DFS Department of Field Services
24. MOHA Ministry of Home Affairs
25. FNCO Food and Nutrition Coordinating Office
26. SSRFU Schools Self-Reliance and Feeding Unit
27. MCC Maseru City Council
28. UNHCR United Nations High Commission for Refugees
29. MFDP Ministry of Finance and Development Planning
30. LDF Lesotho Defense Force
31. MOPWT Ministry of Public Works and Transport
32. MOLG Ministry of Local Government
33. MODNS Ministry of Defense and National Security
34. LMPS Lesotho Mounted Police Service
35. LCS Lesotho Correctional Service
36. MOHSW Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
37. FMU Food Management Unit
38. WASCO Water and Sewerage Company
39. DANA Damage And Needs Assessment
40. CERF Central Emergency Response Fund
41. MOU Memorandum of Understanding
42. LOU Letter of Understanding
43. DMA Disaster Management Authority
44. NDRTF National Disaster Relief Task Force
45. LVAC Lesotho Vulnerability Assessment Committee
46. VA Vulnerability Assessments
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47. MALOTI Lesotho Currency
48. DEKAD Period of 10 days
49. OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
50. MAFS Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security
51. UNICEF United Nations Children Fund
52. IASC Inter-Agency Standing Committee
53. DDMT District Disaster Management Team
54. VDMT Village Disaster Management Team
55. LHDA Lesotho Highlands Development Authority
56. NGO Non – Governmental Organization
57. DPCF Development Partner Coordination Forum
58. MOET Ministry of Education and Training
59. UNDRMT United Nations Disaster Risk Management Team
60. LRCS Lesotho Red Cross Society
61. WVL World Vision Lesotho
62. FAO Food and Agriculture Office
63. WFP World Food Programme
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Table of Contents
16.3 CENTRAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE FUND (CERF) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ................................................................ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................................................................... 4
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES ....................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
2.0 OBJECTIVE OF THE PLAN .......................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
3.0 SUMMARY OF THE MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION ARRANGEMENTS ........ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
3.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK IN THE COUNTRY ......... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
4.0 CONTEXT ANALYSIS AND RISK ASSESSMENT .................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
4.1 RISK ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 4.2 SCENARIOS ................................................................................................................ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
5.0 COMPLEMENTARY PLANS AND EARLY WARNING ........................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
6.0 LESSONS LEARNED ...................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
6.3 DROUGHT ...................................................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 6.4 HYDRO METEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS ......................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
7.0 CURRENT CONTEXT .................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
7.1 FORECAST FOR THE COMING SEASON ......................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 7.1 FOOD INSECURITY PROJECTION ................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
8.0 OVERALL MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION ............................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
8.1 COORDINATION MECHANISMS ..................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 8.2 NATIONAL ..................................................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 8.3 DISTRICT ....................................................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 8.4 MUNICIPALS .................................................................................................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
9.0 FOCAL POINTS BY SECTORS ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ....... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
9.1 NATIONAL LEVEL .......................................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 9.2 DISTRICT LEVEL ............................................................................................................ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
10.0 OVERVIEW OF PARTICIPATION PER SECTOR OF HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION .............. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
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11.0 THRESHOLDS TO ACTIVATE THE EMERGENCY AND PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE PLAN . ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
12.0 STANDARD OPERATION PROCEDURES (SOP) ................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
12.2 DROUGHT ................................................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
13.0 RESOURCE MOBILIZATION .................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
14.0 DAMAGE ASSESSMENTS AND NEED ANALYSIS (DANA) ............... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
16.0 BUDGET ........................................................................................................ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY ................................................................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. WATER AND SANITATION ................................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. HEALTH AND NUTRITION ................................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. LOGISTICS GROUP ............................................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. TOTAL BUDGET .............................................................................................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
17.0 ANNEXES ....................................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. PARTICIPANTS LIST ............................................................................................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
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7
List of Tables and Figures
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Lesotho is a country with underlying vulnerabilities particularly poverty, chronic malnutrition,
environmental degradation and HIV and AIDS, as well as being prone to various hazards including drought,
The Government of Lesotho in implementing the contingency plan will look at addressing drought
emergency to the greatest extent by building on or expanding existing initiatives that look to mitigate the
high levels of chronic vulnerability in the country. This Programme is expected to extend into all the ten
districts of Lesotho.
A co-ordination structure is in place to deal with this emergency, led by the Disaster Management
Authority (DMA).
Table 1: Worst Case scenario thresholds
This DROUGHT CONTINGENCY PLAN 2018 – 2019 covers the four main sectors which are usually
negatively impacted whenever these emergencies occur, they are: (i) Agriculture and Food Security; (ii)
Water and Sanitation; (iii) Health
and Nutrition (iv) Logistics –
logistics is included as a cross-
cutting sector that is meant to
assist the impacted sectors; a)
transport the commodities from
and to the destination and b) Store
the commodities in warehouses
and other places in the country.
The planning within each of these sectors were broken down to cover immediate interventions (6 months).
Please note that the total costs include LOGISTICS.
Contingency Plan total Budget
SECTOR IMMEDIATE
RESOURCES REQUIRED (M)
IMMEDIATE RESOURCES REQUIRED (US$)1:14
Agriculture & Food Security
145 188 040
10,370.574.29
Health & Nutrition
16,236,550 1,159,753.57
Water & Sanitation
60 434 000 4,316,714.29
Information 1.378,300.00 98,450.00 Grand Total
223,236,890.00 15,945,490,00
Main Hazards Worst case scenario threshold (Number of affected people)
Peak period
Drought 273,635 June to September
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Kingdom of Lesotho is a land-locked nation located in Southern Africa. It has an area of approximately
30355 km² and a population of 2,007,201. About 76 % live in rural areas, often in scattered mountain
villages, while the most of the urban population lives in and around the capital Maseru and the surrounding
low lands
Brief background on the country and on the current situation1: Total Area: 30,355 sq. km Total Population: 2,007,201 million Urban: 24% Rural: 76% GDI per capita: 1,210USD Sectoral Distribution of GDP: GDP-Agriculture: 6% (2016) GDP-Industry: 32% (2016) GDP-Service: 62% (2016)
Lesotho is prone to natural disasters, liable to drought and desertification making it highly vulnerable to
climate change. Future scenarios show reduced surface and subsurface run-off under climate change as a
result of predicted lower precipitation, recurring droughts and increased temperatures. It is estimated that
the country will enter a water stress period by 2019, which according to Lesotho Meteorological Services is
expected to worsen by 2060. The other hazards that affect Lesotho are heavy snowfall, hailstorms, strong
winds, localized floods and early frost, in addition to outbreaks of diseases and civil/political instability.
It is against this background that the country is undertaking this mammoth task of having in place the
Drought Contingency Plan, so that the country will be in a better position to effectively deal with these
hazards as they occur, in terms of pro-activeness, preparedness, response and rehabilitation.
2.0 OBJECTIVE OF THE PLAN
General objectives
1 Data sources: (i) http://data.worldbank.org/indicator; (ii) Population and Housing Census Preliminary Result Report (October 2016).
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The overall objective of the Drought Contingency Plan is to mount timely, consistent, effective and
coordinated response to; a) save lives, b) to save property and c) to save environment.
Specific objectives
1. To develop national capacity at all levels for emergency response
2. To arrange for pre-positioning of emergency supplies
3. To ensure adequate planning to allow for service delivery in key sectors to minimise the impact of
emergencies
4. To minimise the negative impact of drought on all vulnerable groups, especially people with
disability, women and children
5. Advocacy on issues of protection and health
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3.0 Summary of the management and coordination arrangements
Through the Disaster Management Act of 1997, Lesotho has a fairly well established multi-sectorial disaster management system, coordinated by the Disaster
Management Authority (DMA), which is placed in the Office of the Prime Minister. Partner co-ordination is done through the United Nations Disaster Risk
Management Team, for coordination and implementation of the disaster management activities. The coordination arrangements are outlined in Table below,
which indicates Lead and Co-Lead agencies.
Table 2: Coordination Arrangements by Sector2
Dept/Agency
Se
cto
rs
Hu
man
itar
ian
C
oo
rdin
ati
on
Fo
od
se
curi
ty
Ed
uca
tio
n
Wat
er /
Sa
nit
atio
n
Nu
trit
ion
Hea
lth
Shel
ter
Cam
p
Man
age
men
t
Ear
ly
reco
ver
y
Pro
tect
io
n
Tel
eco
mm
un
icat
io
ns
Lo
gist
ics
Safe
ty
and
Se
curi
ty
Co
mm
un
icat
ion
Info
rmat
ion
m
anag
em
ent
DMA P P P P P MAFS P MOET P COW P FNCO/Health P MOHSW P MOHA P MoLG P P LRCS P S Social Welfare P MoCST P FMU P MOD & NS P P & S LMPS S S Roads Directorate P UNDRMT S P UNHCT S FAO S WVL S UNICEF S Env. Health S MAFS S CHAL S
2 P-Principal/Lead Agency; S- Supporting Agency
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UN Habitat S Habitat for Humanity S LCN S CGPU Telecom Footbridges BOS
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3.1 Disaster Management Framework in the Country
Lesotho has a fairly well established disaster management system, laid out in the National Disaster Management Plan supported the Disaster Management Act. The heart of the system is the Disaster Management Authority (DMA). Placed in the Office of the Prime Minister, and drawing its authority from the Disaster Management Act, DMA is responsible for planning, coordination and implementation. Figure 1 outlines the organizational relationship.
Figure 1: Disaster Management Authority (DMA) Emergency Disaster Management Organization
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4.0 CONTEXT ANALYSIS AND RISK ASSESSMENT
4.1 Risk assessment
Table 3: Risk assessment table
S/N
Hazard type Likelihood of Occurrence Estimated Impact on Public Health and Safety Estimated Impact on Property
Unlikely Likely Highly Likely
Limited Moderate Major Limited Moderate Major
4 Drought X X X
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Natural hazards and risks: Lesotho is prone to natural disasters, liable to drought and desertification
making it highly vulnerable to climate change. Future scenarios show reduced surface and subsurface run-
off under climate change as a result of predicted lower precipitation, recurring droughts and increased
temperatures. According to LMS It is estimated that the country will enter a water stress period by 2019,
which is expected to worsen by 2060. The other hazards that affect Lesotho are snowfall, hailstorms,
strong winds, localized floods and early frost.
Vulnerability factors: Lesotho’s vulnerability to hazards is compounded by a number of factors, including
high levels of poverty particularly in rural areas, the scattered nature of rural settlements, which makes
the provision of and access to social services difficult. The high HIV and AIDS prevalence rates have
exacerbated of vulnerable groups, particularly Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVCs).
Rapid urbanization: Urban growth of at least 5.5% per annum in the lowland areas (up to 7% in Maseru)
is evident. Urban population is now about 24% of total population, rising from 20% 10 years ago. This
trend is expected to continue with the urban population predicted to be in excess of 35% by 2010.
High HIV and AIDS prevalence rate: HIV and AIDS remain the foremost challenge to human and
economic development in Lesotho. HIV prevalence in Lesotho remains high, with prevalence among
antenatal clinic attendees of 38% in the 25–29-year-age group in 2005 (Ministry of Health and Social
Welfare, Lesotho). The national adult HIV prevalence rate was 22.9%, the third highest in the world. HIV
and AIDS accounted for 12% of all female and 11% of all male admissions in 2006. One in every three
(31%) of all institutional female deaths and one in every four (25%) of all institutional male deaths in
2006 were directly linked with HIV/ AIDS. Also, about one in every ten (11%) of institutional deaths in
children was also directly due to HIV/AIDS. Figure 3 gives an outline of the HIV estimates for Lesotho.
Conditions of vulnerability to disasters are exacerbated by lack of knowledge and awareness, under-employment, unemployment, remote and inaccessible settlements, poor implementation of government programs and inefficient service delivery. Poor governance practices such as lack of implementation of laws related to disaster risk reduction and lack of or inadequate resources, such as firefighting equipment and ambulances.
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4.2 SCENARIOS
Table: Hazard Scenarios CRITERIA Scenario
Type of Hazards Drought
Likelihood Almost certain, based on the following assumptions;
• Meteorology Forecasting Report of October – December 2018 – January – March 2019.
• No staple food price increase anticipated
Impact • Death to people and animals
• Disease outbreak
• Shortage of water
• Shortage of Food
• Emaciation of People and Livestock
Location and geographic area Countrywide. However, the hotspots include mostly Southern lowlands & Senqu River Valley and Mountains.
Number and percentage of affected population
Dead Related deaths :
Wounded Number not known.
Sickness Malnutrition ,Water borne diseases such as diarrhea and dysentery
Affected Individual Farmers and the Very Poor and Poor people
Impact on means of subsistence and specific sectors
Agriculture Poor harvest-lower than normal Decrease in agricultural income Food stock losses Livestock death
Infrastructure
Damage to the water pumps
Duration of the emergency phase 6 months to 1 year
Triggers
• Severe crop failure
• decreasing purchasing power among the rural households
Government’s prior experience/exposure to natural disasters at the national and local levels
-Previously drought in 1995/1996, 2001/2002, 2003/2004, 2007., 2015/16
-Snow -Strong winds Frost Hailstorms
Capacities National At the central level, DMA coordinates the involved stakeholders in conducting emergency needs assessments and distribution of humanitarian assistance Water reserves (commission of water)
District DDMT facilitates targeting of beneficiaries and coordinates activities of humanitarian organizations in the district including distribution of humanitarian assistance.
Village -There are Community structures at local level consisting VDMTs, Community councils and Chiefs.
-VDMTs observe and facilitate needs assessments, targeting guide during distribution of humanitarian assistance.
Other organizations with the capacity to respond
- Government Ministries & Departments, UN Agencies; -
Private Sector and other humanitarian agencies
Probable major constraints to the emergency response
General Inadequate Resources (Funds, Human Resource, equipment)
Specific to the affected areas
Beneficiary selection Lack of resources, low purchasing power, change of mindset
of affected people
Priority Needs Financial resources; Food reserves; Better roads - accessibility
Water infrastructure ; Health requirements; Transport; Timely Safety and Security
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5.0 Complementary Plans and Early Warning
Complementary Plans
The risk assessments and planned actions within this plan should reference, or have synergies with:.
Ensuring responses bridge the development framework: Lesotho Resilience Strategy (in progress).
Sector plans where available.
Social Safety net Programmes
WORKING GROUPS (WG)
The DMA has 7 permanently established working groups, which are;
1. The Executive Group;
2. Training Group;
3. Water and Sanitation Group;
4. Health and Nutrition Group
5. Agriculture and Food Security
6. Emergency Services Group;
7. Logistics Group.
Central to all these groups is the National EARLY WARNING UNIT (NEWU) – the objective of which is to provide prior
warning of an approaching disaster and predictions of its effects on the country, its people and their livelihoods. The
NEWU also obtains additional information from the WG quarterly records, as they are supposed to monitor the
situation and provide feedback (water, agriculture, nutrition, health etc.).
The unit prepares and issue out Seasonal forecasts. The Department further monitor conditions of the crops and gives
report based on the forecast and advice. The final product of NEWU should be a monthly Bulletin that comprises all
information on the current season and how it is progressing and the anticipated prediction on the up-coming Food
Security countrywide.
The Institutions that input into the Bulletin comprises;
LMS, Department of Crops, Bureau of Statistics (BOS), Ministry of Trade and WASCO and / Water Commission.
In a similar manner, in times of excess water all other issues pertaining to water and its availability, the Water and
Sanitation Group will issue out a prior warning to the public and this information will be found in the Bulletin.
Likewise the Health and Nutrition Group is supposed to issue out a prior warning of impending diseases, which in this
particular case is any disease outbreak. The Agriculture and Food Security Group as well will issue out prior warning,
having carried out a series of Assessments, which are meant to monitor the Cropping Season – from the planting stage
throughout the entire Crop Maturity. These assessments are meant to accurately forecast the National production and
predict the SURPLUS/DEFICIT and put in place measures that will ensure that there is no shortage at any point in
time.
All the Sectors that are directly impacted whenever there is an impending emergency are supposed to have their own
Contingency Plans. So that they can effectively deal with the situation and contain it with their own resources, failing
which, the particular sector can then call upon the DMA as a coordination body to step in and take charge.
At district level, the District Administrator becomes District Disaster Relief Coordinator. When a disaster induced
emergency is declared and after the national disaster relief plan is approved for implementation, the DAs make their
own relief plan for their district, and the plan has to cover all the sectors that might be impacted; Agriculture and Food
Security, Water and Sanitation, Health and Nutrition and Logistics. These plans are done within the impacted district
and takes care of the needs of the people living in both rural and urban settings – ideally they should be bottom-up
with adequate top-down direction, delegation, supervision monitoring by the centre.
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6.0 Lessons learned
6.1 Drought
The regularity and severity of drought occurrences in Lesotho has increased over the last two
decades. Major drought emergencies were recorded in 1983-84, 1991-93, 1994-1996, 1997/98,
2000/01, 2002-2004, 2007 and in 2012. In 2015 Lesotho experienced a worst El-Nino
phenomenon which plunged the country into a serious food insecurity situation.
Food stocks among households are expected to be depleted in January/February and market
purchases will be the main source of food, in addition to in-kind labor payments. Current maize
meal prices are lower than last year and at near-average levels. Access to green foods for
consumption is usually available in late February but will be reduced this season for most poor
households due to the dry conditions.
The erratic and poor rainfall is expected to contribute to below-normal local labor
opportunities between February and July. Normally, household income sources during the months
of January/February include remittances from relatives working in mining in South Africa, shearing
wool, on-farm weeding labor, self-employment, livestock sales, and safety-net programming.
The key lessons learned from the previous drought experiences in Lesotho are summarized below:
Population affected and community vulnerability
In a typical year, it is estimated that about 30-36% of the total population are usually affected by drought
emergencies. Although the impact of emergencies is felt country wide, the six worst affected districts
normally include: Mohale’s Hoek, Quthing, Qacha’s Nek, Mafeteng, Thaba-Theka and Mokhotlong. In terms
of vulnerability, orphans, child-headed, elderly people (above 55 years), people living with HIV and AIDS
and women were disproportionally affected by the impact of previous drought emergencies
Factors contributing to drought emergencies
While drought must be regarded as a regular feature in Lesotho, its impact is aggravated by chronic food
insecurity associated to adverse weather conditions, land degradation and low agricultural productivity,
increases in prices of staple foods, poverty leading to low purchasing power among the poor households
and the severe impact of the HIV and AIDS pandemic, as well as low nutritional status.
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Table 4: Contingency by Hazard
Contingency by Hazard
EW indicators/triggers Humanitarian consequences Affected population/location
Main actors available Constraining factors/gaps
Drought Prolonged dry spells Crop failure Increasing prices of staple
foods Decreasing purchasing
power among the rural households
Decline in recharge of aquifers and springs
Food Insecurity Disease outbreak Water Shortages Increase of GBV Loss of livestock
273,635 UN agencies and NGOs Private Sector Red Cross Government Ministries
Transport (road and air) Beneficiary selection Global financial crisis
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7.0 Current context
7.1 Forecast for the Coming Season
Figure 6 gives the rainfall season outlook for November, December 2018 to January 2019, indicating that
The country is expected to receive average rains for the entire 2018/2019 rainy season with a possibility of
above average rainfall. However, there is a possibility of receiving below average rainfall countrywide
during the first three months and a likelihood of delayed onset of rains for the coming season.
Average to below average rainfall conditions are expected for the period October to December 2018
countrywide. For the period, January to March 2019, the region which covers extreme central and eastern
Berea, Leribe, Botha-Bothe, central and eastern Qacha’s Nek Mokhotlong and Thaba-Theka average to
above average rainfall is expected. Moreover, the region which covers extreme western Berea, Maseru,
Mafeteng, Mohale’s Hoek, Quthing and extreme western Qacha’s Nek average to below average rainfall is
anticipated.
Furthermore, above average temperatures are anticipated for the period October 2018 to March 2019. For
the period January to March 2019 average temperatures are expected with a possibility of becoming above
average countrywide. Increased temperatures may accelerate the evaporation rate. Occurrences of strong
winds, lightning, thunderstorms and hailstorms are common weather phenomena in summer especially for
the norther and eastern parts of the country where average to above average rainfall is anticipated.
Moreover, climate change is expected to exacerbate occurrence of these conditions resulting in increased
frequency and intensity of these extreme weather events.
Figure 2: November- December-January- February
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7.2 Food insecurity projection
The Food security situation is expected to deteriorate during the peak lean period
December 2018 to February 2019, with the population in IPC Phase 3 or worse increasing
up to about 19% (273,635) of rural population in need of urgent humanitarian support to protect
and save their livelihoods and lives.
The likelihood of El Nino was estimated to be over 90 percent as per mid-November forecast
until March 2019, making the El Nino the most likely situation for the 2018/19 cropping season.
The Lesotho Meteorological Services indicated that from October 2018 to March 2019 the
northern and eastern parts of the country likely to receive normal to above normal rains and the
southern and western parts expected to receive normal to below normal rains.
Poor harvest of main crops (maize, sorghum and wheat) in 2017/18 compared to the previous
year, with maize production reduction estimated at 62.6 percent has resulted in the early start of
the lean season (September2018).
The current cropping season (2018/19) was marked with late onset of rains, poorly distributed
precipitation and high temperatures during October and November which resulted in abnormal
dry conditions, thus reducing opportunities for agricultural based activities for many households.
Food prices remain stable and below 5 year average by13 %.
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.8.0 OVERALL MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION
8.1 Coordination mechanisms
The Government through DMA, is mandated to execute the overall coordination in the implementation of
the multi-hazard contingency plan.
8.2 National
Upon the government’s declaration of a state of disaster-induced emergency, the Cabinet forms the
National Disaster Relief Task Force (DRTF), composed of those Ministries directly involved with the
emergency. The main functions of the DRTF is to provide policy guidelines to the authority, mobilize funds,
manpower and other resources required to implement the National Disaster Relief Plan; supervise and
monitor National and District Disaster relief Plans; initiate the creation of appropriate institutional
structures to support the disaster relief plans; and approve requests for donor assistance. These efforts are
complemented by HCT and DRMT of the UN in Lesotho.
Secondly, the Chief Executive DMA assumes the role and responsibilities of National Disaster
Relief/Coordinator, and sets up the national operations centre in Maseru, at the DMA’s Executive
Headquarters. The National Disaster Relief Coordinator heads and coordinates the work of the executive
group (Food and Logistics; Agriculture and Food Security; Health and Nutrition; Water and Sanitation)
relevant Government Ministries, UN agencies and other local donors, LCN and NGOs as well as the media.
The National Disaster Relief Coordinator also coordinates with the District Disaster Relief Coordinators.
Refer to the organogram in section 2.2 for more information on the national disaster management
coordination architecture.
8.3 District
At the district level, the District Administrators assume the role and responsibilities of District Disaster
Relief Coordinator, and provide, operate and coordinate all disaster management services and activities
within the district. The District Disaster Relief Coordinator also sets up district operations room for
providing a working base for the District Disaster Management Team (DDMT). The DDMT conducts rapid
assessment of the emergency situation; coordinate stockpiling of relief supplies; receive and decide on all
applications of relief assistance in the district.
9.0 FOCAL POINTS BY SECTOR ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
The overall responsibility of coordination rests upon the Disaster Management Authority in particular,
which is in the Office of the Prime Minister. The District and village Disaster Management Teams assume
the local coordination and implementation bodies. There shall be no independent activities carried out by
any organization outside or without the knowledge of the named coordination and implementation bodies.
The draft National Disaster Risk Reduction Policy of 2010 places the responsibility of disaster management
on the “shoulders” of each one of us, including the Disaster victims themselves. It is in line with this that all
our cooperating partners such as the UN agencies, donors, and business houses, non-governmental
23
organizations both local and international are called upon to participate during the implementation of
contingency plan. The details of institutional roles and responsibilities are outlined in the table below.
Table 5: Sector Roles and Responsibilities
Institution
Responsibilities Contacts
DMA The main responsibility of DMA will be to receive information, processing it and disseminating it to the stakeholders through the various channels. The other responsibility will be to coordinate the humanitarian response to ensure that there are no duplications for effective humanitarian response. The DMA will also be responsible for organizing periodic briefings for stakeholders. The DMA also be responsible for the mobilization of initial supplies and logistics to enable the cooperating partners come on board in responding to the emergency.
Chief Executive
Government Ministries
The affected ministries will be required to continue to coordinate the implementation of sector specific activities related to the humanitarian response and emergency.
PSs
UN Agencies The United Nations Humanitarian Country Team shall be called upon by the Government to support resource mobilization and implementation of humanitarian response.
UN Resident Coordinator
Non-Governmental Organizations
These are the primary implementing partners. There major responsibility will be the last mile delivery of humanitarian assistance.
LCN
Private Sectors Through their corporate social responsibility and as good corporate citizens, the private sector will be expected to contribute to the humanitarian response in every way possible. It will be expected that as per tradition, the private sector will come to the aid of Government as part of their responsibility to the citizens of this country. All contributions should be done through DMA
Chamber of Commerce
Bilateral Cooperating Partners
Bilateral cooperating partners have the responsibility of assistance on Government-to-Government basis. The cooperating partners will have the responsibly to work within the existing coordination structures. Bilateral partners are part of the Development Partner Coordination Forum (DPCF) and will therefore have the responsibility of attending DPCF meetings regularly and in turn inform their principle Governments. This will avoid their Governments getting information from the media, which in most cases is highly inaccurate.
DPCF Chairperson
District Disaster Management Teams
DDMTs will Collect and disseminate early warning information in the district. The districts will trigger a response mechanism through the office of the District Administrators should the floods actualize in their district by relaying information to both the province and DMA. The DDMTs will also commence immediate disaster relief operation (primary response) in the event of the flood.
Chair – DDMTs for respective districts
24
9.1 National level
A detailed table of sector actors is below with Government leads in bold.
Table 6: Sector actors and government leads
*Safety and Security, communication and information management are not clusters but highly relevant sectors of intervention.
Sector of intervention Government Participating agencies and partners
Humanitarian Coordination Disaster Management Authority (DMA) LRCS, UNDRMT, WVI, LCN,HCT
Food security MAFS, (DPPA, CROPS, Livestock Research, DFS) FAO, WFP, WVI, CRS, LCN, Send A Cow, LRCS
Education MOET, MAFS (Nutrition & Home Economics), MOHSW (Dept of SW)
UNICEF, WVI, WFP, CGPU, NGOC
Water/Sanitation COW, MOHSW (Environmental Health), WASCO, DRWS
UNICEF, TRC, LRCS, TED, CARE
Nutrition FNCO, MAFS (Nutrition), Health (Nutrition), MOET (SSRFU)
UNICEF, WFP, LHMA
Health MOHSW (Disease control), MCC (Environmental health)
WHO, CHAL, Partners in Health, UNICEF, LRCS
Shelter MOHA, MOHSW (Dept of SW), MOLG UN Habitat, Habitat for Humanity, LRCS
Camp Management MOHA (Commissioner of Refugees), DMA, MOLG
WVI, LRCS, UNHCR
Early recovery DMA, MFDP UNDRMT, Private sector (to be unpacked)
Protection MOHSW (Dept of SW), CGPU, Master of High Court
WVI, UNDP, UNICEF, UNHCR,
Information, Communication, Technology Management
DMA UNDRMT
Logistics FMU, DMA, LDF, LMPS, MOPWT, MOLG WFP, LRCS, WVI, LCN
Safety and Security* MOD & NS, LMPS, LCS Registered Security Firms (e.g. Security Unlimited)
25
Table 7: Lead institutions and contact persons
Sector Role Org. Ms/Mr
Name Telephone Email
Humanitarian Coordination
Lead DMA Ms M.Mojaki 22327944 [email protected]
Co-lead
UNDRMT
Ms Mary Njoronge 22323989 [email protected]
Food security
Lead MAFS 22324029 [email protected]
Co-lead
FAO 22315585 [email protected]
Education Lead MOET Co-lead
WVL Mr P.Mokoai 22314342 [email protected]
Water/Sanitation Lead COW [email protected] Co-lead
Env. Healt
Nutrition Lead Health Co-lead
MAFS Nut
22314232 [email protected]
Health Lead Health Co-lead
CHAL [email protected]
Shelter
Lead MOLG Co-lead
Habitat for Humanity
Camp Management
Lead Co-lead
Early recovery
Lead DMA M. Maloi 22324429 [email protected]
Co-lead
LCN
Protection
Lead Social Welfare
22226004
Co-lead
LMPS
Telecommunications
Lead MOCST Co-lead
Telecom
Logistics
Lead MODNS Co-lead
DMA 22312183
Co-lead
LRCS
Safety and Security*
Lead LMPS Co- MODNS
26
lead
Communication*
Lead Roads Dir.
Co-lead
Foot Bridges
Information management*
Lead DMA 22312183 [email protected] Co-lead
BOS 22323852 [email protected]
9.2 District level
Introduce contact by region.
Table 8: Contact person by district
District Role Ms/Mr
Name Telephone
DA
Mokhotlong Lead Mrs M. Monoto 63133352 [email protected]
Co-lead Mrs. N. Mafole T, m [email protected]
DA
Butha – Buthe Lead Mrs M. Mohloki 63477202 mojabengmohloki@gmail,com Co-lead Mr. N. Ntene 58986638 [email protected]
DA
Leribe Lead Mr R. Molefe 58720510 [email protected] Co-lead Mr. K. Mare 62901219 [email protected]
DA
Berea Lead Mrs. N. Baholo 63278720 [email protected] Co-lead Mr. A. Mpharoane 62444222 [email protected]
DA
Thaba Tseka Lead Mrs. K. Rakolobe 62041985 [email protected] Co-lead Mrs. N. Matete 64038082 [email protected]
DA
Maseru Lead Mrs. C. Mahosi 58400492 [email protected] Co-lead Mrs. S. Ralejoe 59102921 [email protected]
DA
Mafeteng Lead Ms. M. Koloti 63174497 [email protected] Co-lead Mrs. P. Molefi 57832523 -
DA
Mohale’s Hoek Lead Mr. L. Moletsane 58901200 [email protected] Co-lead Mr. T. Letsie 59085480 [email protected]
DA Lead
Quthing Lead Mr. T. Maama
H. Matjopile
58794154 56259822
DA Lead
Qacha’s Nek Co-Lead Mrs. M.Motemekoane 58920398 [email protected] Ms. I. Koneshe 59541268 [email protected]
27
10.0 Overview of participation per sector of humanitarian intervention
Table 9: Humanitarian sector participation
Actor Activities Items Required Items/goods available (indicate quantity)
Humanitarian Coordination
Disaster Management Authority (DMA)
To coordinate and network with the immediate affected or impacted sectors. Make rapid assessment, e.g. call technical meetings
Activate the plan Mobilize required resources internally and
externally Monitor and evaluate resources and
programs
UN Humanitarian Country Team (HCT)
To coordinate UN agencies within and outside the country and other development agencies or partners
To mobilize required resources and programs inside and outside the country
To monitor and evaluate resources and programs
Lesotho Red Cross Society (LRCS)
To mobilize required resources for early recovery inside and outside the country
Rapid Assessment
Lesotho Council of NGOs (LCN)
Coordination of agriculture, environment and natural resources activities, disaster and humanitarian relief management
Ministry of Finance and Development Planning (MFDP)
Receives an appeal document from DMA and mobilize funds or resources for the proposed interventions
Monitor and evaluates use of resources allocated for the emergency activities.
28
World Vision Lesotho (WVL)
Provide assistance to the affected communities within their areas of operation
Serves as an implementing partners in designated relief programs
Actor Activities Items Required Items/goods available (indicate quantity)
Food Security
Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (MAFS) Food and Agriculture Office (FAO) Bureau of Statistics (BOS) World Food Program (WFP) (VAM unit) Disaster Management Authority (DMA) (Early Warning Department EWD), World Vision Lesotho (WVL)
a) Rapid assessment: Involvement of local authorities (notification
for admin purposes) Data on area planted Data on market access (routes, food prices) Extend of damage to crops & livestock Involvement of local technical officers (e.g.
DCPO, DAPO, ext officers, etc.) b) Determine relief commodities required
Acaricides Cropping inputs Seed varieties (drought, pest and lodging
resistant varieties) Insecticides and herbicides Early maturing varieties Promotion of conservation Agriculture
c) Mobilize funds: Possible donor funding and safety nets
programmes
Actor Activities Items Required Items/goods available (indicate quantity)
Education
Ministry of Education and Training (MET)
Continuous sensitization and awareness creation of the hazard to the concerned section of the population
World Food Program (WFP)
Relief and Recovery service delivery. Support on logistics and materials, assist in the continuation of the implementation resources mobilization
29
UN Children Education Fund (UNICEF)
Resources mobilization, support on health, hygiene and sanitation together with nutrition enhancement of the children and their protection.
Strengthen ongoing initiatives on children education in emergencies and t
Integration of DRR in primary and secondary schools’ curricula.
Support capacity building for emergency preparedness and DRR, with a special focus on women and children.
Ministry of Social Development
Mobilization of resources. Provide psycho-social support to the victims,
particularly the OVC:s Facilitate the placement of survivors
World Vision Lesotho (WVL)
Resources mobilization and relief services
Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (MAFS)
Enhancing the food security at the household level, promote and support the school feeding programmes
Master of High Court (MHC)
Protect children from property crabbing
Children and Gender Protection Unit (CGPU)
Protection of human rights
Actor Activities Items Required Items/goods available (indicate quantity)
Water and Sanitation
Commission of Water (COW)
Coordinating the Water Sector Manage Water Resources
Water and Sewerage Company (WASC)
Water Supply Urban Areas
Department of Rural Water Supply (DRWS)
Water Supply Rural areas
LMS Weather Forecasting
Actor Activities Items Required Items/goods available (indicate quantity)
Nutrition
Food and Nutrition Coordinating Office (FNCO)
Coordinate the sector Ensures that nutrition committees are
functional at all levels Procurement of Anthropometry equipment MUC tapes
Food stock ready to eat
Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (MAFS)
Promote household food production and preservation
Promote income generating activities and labor saving devices
Farm implements; inputs; food items (input protection)
Ministry of Health Growth monitoring and nutrition screening
Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (MAFS) & HEALTH
Health and Nutrition education (infant and young child feeding)
Breastfeeding promotion and support Complementary foods Household sanitation and hygiene
Medicinal fortified food
HEALTH Food and Nutrition Coordinating Office (FNCO) & UN Children Education Fund
Procurement of supplies
Electronic weighing scales Length boards U5s MUAC tapes Adult MUAC tapes Body Mass Index
30
(UNICEF) Wheels Mobile clinics Mobile refrigerator for medical supplies
HEALTH Food and Nutrition Coordinating Office (FNCO) & UN Children Education Fund (UNICEF)
Rapid assessment Nutrition screening Promotion of exclusive breastfeeding and
control of formula feeding Distribution of IEC material
Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (MAFS)
Promotion of labor saving devices Intensify food production and preservation
Food and Nutrition Coordinating Office (FNCO)
Involvement of District nutrition team
HEALTH UN Children Education Fund (UNICEF) World Food Program (WFP)
Plan for supplementary and therapeutic feeding
Food distribution
TEAM Post Disaster needs assessment
Actor Activities Items Required Items/goods available (indicate quantity)
Logistics
World Vision Lesotho (WVL)
• To assist towards implementation of emergency response and recovery plans
Food Management Unit (FMU
Transportation of required items & supplies to the affected areas, provision of storage facilities, provision of man-power for loading & unloading Convene meeting to post-mortem the activities and operations, transport & other supplies may be availed where required
Vehicles Aircrafts Ferry & engine boats Canoes Life jacket
World Food Program (WFP)
• To seek and solicit funding from local and international donors to support the planned emergency response operations to save lives
Disaster Management Authority (DMA)
To avail funds and emergency equipment at its disposal towards implementation of response, relief and recovery plans
To monitor and supervise distribution and utilization of all relief stocks in conjunction with the concerned departments or agencies
Lesotho Red Cross Society (LRCS)
• To assist towards implementation of emergency response and recovery plans
• To provide First Aid Services, tents
Lesotho Defence Force (LDF) & Lesotho Mounted Police Service (LMPS)
Provision of resources such as vehicles, helicopters, fixed wing aircraft, human resources
Search & rescue with all its equipment Provision of two-way radios Provision of tents Provision of mobile clinics
31
Ministry of Public Works and Transport (MOPWT)
Major repairs/ maintenance of roads bridges & air-strips
Maintenance of Maseru container terminal (Railway)
Construction & maintenance of helipads Solicit assistance from other stakeholders in
the affected areas for storage facilities, accommodation in disaster prone areas
Procurement of ferry boats, peddles &life jackets
Training of ferry boats operators Mobilisation of required resources such as
transport & human resources Awareness through road signage Information dissemination Participate in preparatory meetings Procurement of machinery & other
equipment (snow ploughs, TLD, Rough salt) Upgrading of culverts (putting in place
bigger sizes) Procurement of orange reflector strips Hoist basket/ nets Awareness creation/warnings, single
sourcing appropriate contractor Temporary measures, e.g. foot bridges &
roads Engagement of force account teams (direct
labour teams)
Snow ploughs
Lesotho Council of NGO’s (LCN)
Provision of resources such as vehicles, human resource
Monitoring & Evaluation, post term, education/ awareness creation
Actor Activities Items Required Items/goods available (indicate quantity)
Safety and Security Lesotho Defence Force (LDF) & Lesotho Mounted Police Force (LMPS)
• To provide security services to all affected communities working closely with relevant community structures such as Community Policing Committees
Actor Activities Items Required Items/goods available (indicate quantity)
Information Management, Communication and Telecommunications Bureau of Statistics (BOS)
To provide relevant information for various sectors
Collect, compile and analyze data
Ministry of Communication Science and Technology (MOCST)
Media briefing and information
dissemination
Lesotho Red Cross Society (LRCS)
Information dissemination First aid training
Lesotho Council of NGO’s (LCN)
Information dissemination To coordinate NGO community and source
classified information and some equipment towards assisting vulnerable communities or populations
UN Disaster Risk Management Team (UNDRMT)
To provide technical expertise on issues pertaining to communication and information management
Disaster Management Authority (DMA)
To receive and update emergency information to be utilized by various sectors for planning purposes
32
To disseminate information to all concerned
11.0 Thresholds to activate the Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan
Table 10: EPR activation Thresholds
Hazard/Contingency Threshold Source Early Warning and Other Information
Drought/ Food Insecurity
273,646 affected people Percentage of acute malnourished Percentage of chronic malnutrition Morbidity rate
LVA Ministry of Health (MoH)
Satellite data showing decreased harvests Market assessment Crop assessment reports of decreased harvest Reports and requisitions from District and Local Disaster Coordination Leaders
12.0 Standard Operation Procedures (SOP)
Above table, Thresholds to activate the Emergency and Preparedness and Response Plan and call for
assistance’ outlines what can be considered as limits for when it should be called an emergency, and can be
revisited during the first 24 hours, when for instance consulting stakeholders on whether external
assistance will be needed.
12.1 Drought
Table 11: Drought worst case thresholds
Main Hazards Worst case scenario threshold (Number of affected people)
Peak period
Drought 273,646 January to June 2019
Table 12: SoPs for drought/food insecurity
Standard Operating Procedure for DROUGHT/FOOD INSECURITY
Activities By whom? Time frame LVAC for drought shows threshold have been trespassed and the Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan should be activated
Disaster Management Authority (DMA)
Issue press release for media and hold media briefing DMA Issue a Situation Update DMA Call for stakeholder meeting to
Decide on if a follow-up sectoral assessment should be done Decide on a reassessment of stockpiles Decide on assessment plan Identify 3W (Who does what where) Decide if international assistance will be called for
DMA
Decide whether to declare emergency Government Call for a sectoral meeting for coordination and response measures DMA Develop a Situation report DMA
33
Call for stakeholder meeting to validate strategic response plan DMA Contact Resident Coordinator/Humanitarian Coordinator for initiation of Strategic Response Plan, if necessary
Immediately when threshold is trespassed
Request coordination and information management support from OCHA
DMA & HCT
Issue the Strategic Response Plan, if necessary DMA / UDRMT
In cooperation with Humanitarian Country Team (HCT), arrange for stakeholder meeting (sectors, UN Agencies, the RCRC Movement, IOM and NGO’s) to plan, coordinate and implement response by discussing:
Identification and assessment of needs Financing tools and fundraising Advocacy strategies Concrete projects to implement the overall plan Decide on Monitor and Evaluation measures
Government
Strategic Response Plan report to be submitted 14 days after on-set Provide a Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) Within 1 months
after on-set Mid-Year Review report launched To be agreed
Yearly report launched A year after on-set
Monitoring and evaluation of situation and response Quarterly
13.0 Resource mobilization
Resources for the implementation of this emergency response and preparedness plan will be mobilized by
Government. Where necessary additional resources beyond the capacity of the Governments own
(particularly when reaching the worst case scenario threshold will be requested from cooperating
partners, the UN System, the Private Sector, Non-governmental organizations (Local and International) and
those that are community based to be fully involved in the mobilization of the required resources to
implement the contingency plan.
4.0 Damage assessments and need analysis (DANA)
Table 13: Needs Assessment
Type of assessment (applies to all hazards*)
Responsible for the assessment
Objectives Assessment initiated within
Report launched after
Items required
Items/goods available (indicate quantity)
Multi-sectoral rapid assessment
Disaster Management Authority
To determine countrywide scope of impact of the crisis/hazard
24 hours Two weeks 4x4 vehicles
Sectoral assessment
Sector lead
24 hours Two weeks 4x4 vehicles, helicopter
Response Performance & Impact Evaluation
Disaster Management Authority
To take account of achievement and challenges for future interventions
Three months Two weeks 4x4 vehicles
34
Vulnerability assessment
Disaster Management Authority Info can also be sourced from LVAC
Quantify damage and losses for response and intervention
72 hours Two weeks 4x4 vehicles
35
15.0 BUDGET Agriculture and Food Security
General objective
To ensure that the vulnerable population have access to adequate food security during emergency period.
Specific objectives
1. To sensitize community to embark on food preservation
2. To intensify/scale up climate smart agriculture technologies
3. To improve access of vulnerable famers to quality seeds through cash-based interventions or the
distribution of drought tolerant seeds and/ or seed fairs.
4. To improve access to water and water management of vulnerable farmers through the distribution of
rainwater harvesting equipment and water pumps and micro irrigation for off season crop
production.
5. To minimise the loss of livestock
# Activities By whom When*
1 Stockpiling agricultural inputs MAFS, FAO, WVL , CRS, etc
December- January 19
2 Intensification of Water harvesting infrastructure
MAFS, MFLR, FAO
December- January 19
3 Practice proper range management e.g To promote rotational grazing
MFLR/FAO
December- January 19
4 sensitizing communities and training farmer on new farming practices( CA, adoption of drought resistant crop/seed variety)
MAFS, UN agencies, NGOs
December- January 19
5 Encourage Food preservation and diversification
MAFS, UN agencies, NGOs, FNCO
December- January 19
6 Conduct rapid crop and needs assessment MAFS, DMA February- March 19
7 promote cultivation of fodder MAFS,MFLR December- January 19
36
Costed Agriculture and Food Security Plan for Drought Mitigation and Preparedness
Code
Activity
timeframe
Key stakeholders
Unit of measure
Quantity
Unit cost (Maloti)
Amount required (Maloti)
Amount required Short-term (Maloti)
Amount required Medium-Term (Maloti
Outcome: Improve household food security of the affected population
Output 1: increased access to food for vulnerable groups
Provision of social assistance support to vulnerable people
Apr –Jun ‘19 MOSD, DMA, FMU, MOFLR, MOFA, UN, NGO
Transfer per Vulnerable HH
68 250 500 34 125 000 34 125 000 0
Provision of cash /food for asset (conditional)
Jan –June ‘19 MOSD, DMA, FMU, MFRSC, MOFA, UN, NGO, FSP
household for 6 months
32 577 3 600 117 277 200 78 184 800 39 092 400
Provision of agricultural livelihood support for recovery
Dec- Jan ‘19 MOSD, DMA, FMU, MFRSC, MOFA, UN, NGO
Package per HH ( Vegetable seeds)
35 000 300 10 500 000 0 10 500 000
Rehabilitation and construction of water haffirs
Dec- March’19
DMA.WVL,MAFS, MFRSC
Laborers (for 10 dams)
DSA
10
5X5
48 000 700
480 000
17 500
480 000
17 500
0
Construction of roof harvesting tanks ; Spring development tanks
Jan –May ‘19 MFRSC, WVL,MAFS
cement: 50 bags/pptanks
DSA
41
5X5
8630
700
356 830
17 500
356 830
17 500
0
Animal drinking points
Jan –May ‘19 MFRSC, WVL,MAFS, FAO
Cement, accessories, labour,
DSA
100
5X5
3900
700
390 000
17 500
390 000
17 500
Auction sales
(subsistence local) Jan –May ‘19
DLS, DOM
DSA person days
10x4x9
700 252000 252000 0
Protection of wetland
Wetland inspection Jan-Feb ‘19 MFRSC DSA 22x5 700 77 000 77 000 0
37
(subsistence allowance, ) person days Equine
Hire
13x4
100
5200
5200
Reallocation of cattle
posts from wetlands March-April ‘19
MFRSC
DSA Equine Hire
10X5 8x4
700
100
35 000
3200
35 000
3200 0
Awareness creation
Musks (Respiratory)
MAFS, FAO,NGOs,
Unit package
15 900 13 500 13 500 0
Rubber gloves
MAFS, FAO,NGOs,
Box 10 50 500 500 0
Drugs & vaccines[1] (Rabies, Sheep scab and
Anthrax, Goats red lice))
Jan-May ‘19 MAFS,
FAO, NGOs Anthrax
2053590 2053590 0
Jan-May ‘19 MAFS,
FAO, NGOs Rabies
256500 255600
Jan-May ‘19 MAFS, FAO, NGOs
Sheep Scab
2780000 2780000
Jan-May ‘19 MAFS,
FAO, NGOs Goats red lice 2100000 2100000
Lime Jan-May ‘19 MAFS,
FAO,NGOs, 50kg 200 400 80000 80000
Cooler Boxes Jan-May ‘19 MAFS,
FAO,NGOs,
Unit package (20L)
24 650 15600 15600 0
Subsidy on feed and fodder seeds
Jan-May ‘19 Subsidy
value 1
3 000 000
3 000 000
3 000 000
0
Climate Smart Agriculture
MAFS,
FAO,NGOs,
Provision of agricultural livelihood support (drought resistant seeds for both veg. and cereals) to vulnerable household Affected by Drought.
Jan-May ‘19 MAFS,
FAO,NGOs, Package
per HH 1
2000 000
2 000 000
2 000 000
0
Subsistence allowance
1350000 1350000
Transport (Vehicle Hire)
50* 30 days
3371250 3371250
TOTAL
145 188 040
38
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
6.1 Objectives
The main objectives of the Water and Sanitation programme is to increase access to safe
drinking water and sanitation facilities, as well as equipping the communities with good hygiene
practices.
These objectives will be achieved by carrying out the following activities which will be done
in the short term, medium term and long term.
6.2 Strategies
1. Conduct a needs assessment in affected areas.
2. Repair or rehabilitate damaged water supply systems where water is still available.
3. Provide temporarily the required material, equipment, consumable (such as fuel,
lubricants, spare parts, pumps, generators etc).
4. Drilling of boreholes (boreholes throughout the country with the unit price estimated at
R70 000 per borehole with casings included)
5. Hire casual personnel that can drive and operate: Water tankers, mobile water
treatment plants and drilling rig drivers. (28 drivers-11 DWA and 17 DRWS).
6. Procurement of drinking Water storage receptacles for vulnerable household.
7. Strengthen Water Quality Surveillance in affected (Bacteriological analysis and sanitary
inspections).
8. IEC materials.
9. Procure Field Water Testing Kits.
6.3 Targets and Projections
Under normal situation, all water needs for various uses have to be met. However with the
prevailing drought situation, prioritisation and curtailments on uses have to be employed. This
therefore implies that some of the water uses will take precedence over others. This is in line
with Water Act 2008 which provides that in drought situations domestic use takes precedence.
The other uses such as Health facilities, Correctional Services, Schools, Agriculture, Churches,
39
Hospitality centres, Tourism, CBD areas, Energy are then considered for prioritisation according
to their importance. Please refer to table 2 below.
6.4 Implementation and Coordination Mechanisms
The implementation of this assignment at district level will be overseen by the local
structures with District Administrator (DA) being the coordinator. Table 1 below shows the
implementing agencies and their roles.
Table 2: Implementing agencies and their roles
Implementing Body Role
DA Overall coordinator
District Disaster Management Team
(DDMT)
Coordinators
WASCO Urban water and sanitation service
provider
DRWS Rural water and sanitation service provider
Local Authority (District Council) Interface with communities
DMA Procurement (according to DMA act/rules
and regulations)
DWA Assessment and monitoring of water
resources
Monitoring and evaluation of the intervention will be done by the multi-sectoral committee
under the auspices of DMA. The committee will work hand in hand with the agencies shown in
the table below for smooth execution of the exercise.
Table 3: Monitoring and evaluation under the sector
Agency Role
Local Authority (District Council) Interface with communities
DRWS Compliance with the action plan
WASCo Compliance with the action plan
40
Costed Water and Sanitation Plan for Drought Mitigation and Preparedness
Code
Activity timeframe
Key stakeholders Unit of measure
Quantity
Unit cost (Maloti)
Amount required (Maloti)
Amount required Short-term (Maloti)
Amount
required Medium-
Term (Maloti
OUTCOME Communities utilize improved water and sanitation facilities
OUTPUT 1: Increased access to drinking water and sanitation facilities
Conduct water assessment and monitoring, i.e. ground water, borehole, surface water (emergency water release and water level monitoring) etc. Strengthen Water Quality Surveillance in affected (Bacteriological analysis and sanitary inspections)
DWA Subsistence allowance
20 000
250 5 000 000 5 000
000
Repair or rehabilitate broken water supply systems where water is still available
DRWS, WASCO Water system
25 72
000 1 800 000
1 800 000
Provide temporarily the required material, equipment, consumable( such as fuel, lubricants, spare parts,
DWA,DRWS,WASCO
Equipment
200 50
000 10 000 000
10 000 000
41
pumps, generators etc)
Installation of new systems of water supply to increase coverage
DWA,DRWS,WASCO
Water system
50 700
000 35 000 000
35 000 000
Drilling and Installation of newly drilled boreholes casing
DWA Equipped borehole systems (1)
50 80
000 4 000 000
4 000 000
Drivers and operators of water tankers, mobile water treatment, and drilling rig
DWA, DRWS Estimate cost for parts and labour
28 168
000 504 000 504 000
Provide the required material, equipment, consumables (such as fuel, lubricants, laboratory chemicals, spare parts, pumps, generators etc)
DWA
fuel and lubricants
7 35
715 250 000 250 000
spare parts and service
10 200
000 2 000 000
2 000 000
OTT ecoLog 500 water level logger
20 45
000 900 000 900 000
Gauge plates (1-3 ranges)
15 2
000 30 000 30 000
Laboratory chemicals
50 10
000 500 000 500 000
Diesel tank and accessories
1 450
000 450 000 450 000
TOTAL 60 434 000
42
`
43
Health and Nutrition
Overall Objective: Health & Nutrition
1. To provide timely and effective protection of life and wellbeing of the people and a safe the environment.
4.2 Specific Objectives
i. To provide blanket supplementary feeding for prevention of acute malnutrition in children 6 to 59months, and pregnant and lactating from December
2018 to May 2019.
ii. To rehabilitate moderately malnourished through provision of targeted supplementary feeding among children 6 to 59 months, PLW, ART and TB-
DOTS clients from December 2018 to June 2019.
iii. To provide therapeutic feeding for management of severe acute malnourished patients from December 2018 to July 2019.
iv. To increase access to other critical health and nutrition services (i.e. growth monitoring and promotion, micronutrient supplementation, protection of
infant and young child eeding practices, EPI) for children 6-59month years, pregnant and lactating women, promotion of deliveries in health facilities,
prevention of HIV)
v. To provide drugs and medical supplies for treatment of drought-induced illness (e.g. diarrhoeal diseases, worm infestation)
vi. To conduct Health, Nutrition and WASH education to the general public
vii. To systematically monitor response actions to track impact of the interventions.
44
Activities Timeframe Stakeholders
Unit of Measure Quanti
ty required Unit Cost
(Maloti) Amount
required (Maloti)
Outcome : Reduced under-nutrition, including micro-nutrient deficiencies amongst children under 5, patients under ART/TB/PMTCT as well as pregnant and lactating mothers
Output 1: Provide specialised nutrition supplements to children 6 to 59 months of age, pregnant and lactating mothers of identified food insecure households.
Procurement and distribution of FBF (super cereal) for prevention of malnutrition among children 6 to 59 months of age [1]
Dec 2018 to May 2019
MoH -lead, FMU, WFP and WV, DMA
Tonnage
300 8000 2,400,000.00
Procurement and distribution of FBF for prevention of malnutrition among pregnant and lactating women [2]
Dec 2018 to May 2019
MoH-lead, FMU, WFP and WV, DMA
tonnage
30 8000 240,000.00
Output 2: Provided therapeutic and specialised nutrition supplements for acutely malnourished groups Procurement and
distribution of supplementary Fortified Blended Food (FBF) supplements for acute malnourished children 6 to 59months of age[4]
Dec 2018 to May 2019
MoH lead, FMU, WFP and WV, DMA
tonnes
100 8000 800,000.00
Procurement and distribution of supplementary Fortified Blended Food (FBF) supplements for malnourished PLW [5]
Dec 2018 to May 2019
MoH-lead, FMU, WFP and WV
Tonne
25 8000 200,000.00
Procurement and distribution of supplementary Fortified Blended Food (FBF) supplements for ART and TB patients [6]
Dec 2018 to May 2019
MoH, FMU, WFP and WV, DMA
Tonne
250 8000 2,000,000.00
Procurement of therapeutic feeding supplies for Severely Acute Malnourished children 6 to 59 months (Plumpy nut 2000 clients, F75, F100-640 children)
Dec 2018 to May 2019
MOH NDSO, UNICEF, WHO, DMA
Tonne
15 2500 37,500.00
45
Output 3:Targeted populations have access to other critical health and nutrition
services (growth monitoring and promotion, micronutrient supplementation,
protection of infant and young child feeding practices), HIV prevention, care,
treatment and support
Procurement and distribution of food commodities in maternal waiting homes
Dec 2018 to May 2019
tonnage
200 500 100,000.00
Procurement of Oral rehydration solutions (ORS, Resomal, iv solutions)
Dec 2018 to May 2019
MOH, Box 50 700 35,000.00
Procurement of essential drugs, vaccines and medical supplies (antibiotics, antihistamine, painkillers, multivitamin ,nicotinamide , BCo + Iron, eye ointments, measles vaccine )
Dec 2018 to May 2019
MoH Box
100 700 70,000.00
Disposable delivery packs ,under buttocks, sanitiser
Dec 2018 to May 2019
Pack 800 3000 2,400,000.00
Purchase equipment and insecticides
Dec 2018 to May 2019
-Insecticides 3000kg 5 100000 500,000.00
Procure laboratory reagents and kits for emergency period
Dec 2018 to May 2019
MOH re 750 600 450,000.00
Procure iodine testing kits
FNCO Box 10 2500 25,000.00
Output 4: Population have access to safe drinking water and sanitation
Procure water testing kits
Dec 2018 to May 2019
MOH Kits 10 50000 500,000.00
Procure water purifying tablets for communities
Dec 2018 to May 2019
tablets 10 360000 3,600,000.00
Output 5: Targeted populations have increased knowledge on health and
nutrition-related issues in emergency situation
Conduct passive and active case detection at all facilities using Standard case definition
(Lunch) 8suveys*
3months*2pple in 10 districts
20 150 3,000.00
46
Health education targeting whole populations on five keys to safer food
Visits: 8 Visits*3Months*2pple in 10 districts
10 60000 600,000.00
Printing of IEC Material for emergency
10 000Posters and/ Pamphlets
5,000 50 250,000.00
Output 6: Monitoring and Evaluation systems established and strengthened
Strengthen existing nutrition and health monitoring systems: Disease surveillance,
Dec 2018 to May 2019
All stakeholders Assessment
500,000.00
To intensify surveillance Vectors of Public health Importance and include malaria causing Vector
50,000.00
Output 7: logistics Internal Transportation,
storage and handling(10% of total costs)
1,476,050
TOTAL
16,236,550
47
The Information Sector
- 8.4 Costed Information Sector Plan for Drought
Activity timeframe Key
stakeholders
Unit of measure Quantity Unit cost
(Maloti) Amount
required (Maloti)
Amount required
Short-term
Amount required
Long –term
Public Gatherings ( pitso's) targeted at four worst affected districts
Jan to Jun 2019
DDMT
,
Loud Speaker
Vehicle Hire Lunch
packs
10 10 8
M3 500.00
M2 500.00 M180.00
M35 000.00
M25 000.00 M28 000.00
M35 000.00
M25 000.00 M78 000.00
M78 000.00
Press Conferences
Dec 2018
DMA, MET,AGRIC,WATER,
Health
Boardroom, Prime Minister’s office, Bottled water
50x bottled water per conference
M10.00 M500.00 M 500.00
Media field visits
Jan 2019 Media,
DMA Transport,
food and water 16
M7,880.00
M28,800.00 M28 800.00
Brochures Feb2019 DMA Design and
print 40 000 M3,50 M70,000.00 M70 000.00
Billboards Jan
2019-Mar 2019
DMA Billboards 10 M7,000.00
M70, 000.00 M210 000.00
48
Posters Feb2019 DMA Posters 200 M80.00 M16,000.00 M16 000.00
Bulk Text Messaging
Dec 2018-Jun 2019
DMA Text
Messages
1,5 0000000 subscribers
M0,30 M450,000.00
M450 000.00
Advertising Jan
2019-Jun2019
DMA
Radio Newspaper Television adverts
Audio and visual messages before prime news once a day per month.
M15,000.00
M465,000.00 M465 000.00
Sub-Total Communications
M1 378 300 M1 378 300
49
TOTAL BUDGET
Contingency Plan total Budget
SECTOR IMMEDIATE RESOURCES REQUIRED (M)
IMMEDIATE RESOURCES REQUIRED (US$)1:14
Agriculture & Food Security
145 188 040
10,370.574.29
Health & Nutrition
16,236,550 1,159,753.57
Water & Sanitation
60 434 000 4,316,714.29
Information 1.378,300.00 98,450.00 Grand Total
223,236,890.00 15,945,490,00
50
Participants list
NAME ORGANISATION DESIGNATION Email Contact
Cell/tel
Francis Nkoka World Bank [email protected] 266
Marcela
Tarazona
World Bank [email protected] 266
Xiaolan Wang World Bank [email protected] 266
Sergio Dinoi UNICEF Programme
Coordinator
58947869
A.Asel RCO UN
Coordinator
Tsuene Tsuene WASCO Regional
Manager
63250360
Penelope
Muteteli
RCO Programme
Officer
57650544
Haretsebe
Mahosi
DMA Chief
Ecexutive
haretsebemahosi@gmail,com 266
Ts’epang
Maama
DMA DDMai [email protected] 266
58794154
‘Mabatlokoa
Maloi
DMA Chief
Economic
Planner
68857507
Rets’elisitsoe
Molefe
DMA DDM [email protected] 266
Paul Mokoai WVI Disaster
Manager
56622864
Khopotso
Phafoli
DMA Info Officer [email protected] 266
58905165
‘Mamamello
Komota
MoPWT Economic
Planner
5890542
Seboka
Moloinyana
DPPA Assistant
Economic
Planner
59195553
M.Mojaki DMA Deputy CE [email protected] 266
59321
51
326
Mojabeng
Mohloki
DMA DDM [email protected] 266
62407276
Thabo Pitso DMA Economic
Planner
57093112
‘Mats’itso
Motemekoane
DMA DDM [email protected] 266
Nonkosi
Tshabalala
DMA Senior
Training
Officer
63080521
Mats’eliso
Khesa
UNFPA GBV
Officer
59042521
‘Masemela
Khomoealefifi
DMA DDMO [email protected] 266
68775652
Ntoetse Mafole
DMA DDMO [email protected] 266
63951057
Thapelo
Rankoe
DMA A
Economic
Planner
59096300
Mabolao
Tsibela
DMA DDMO [email protected] 266
63669739
‘Mankhatho
Linko
MOSD Director [email protected] 266
62001845
Caroline
Mahosi
DMA DDM [email protected] 266
Keneng
Motjamela
MOSD
Chief E
Planner
om
266
62727290
Nkaiseng
Monaheng
MOH DIR Planning nkaisengmonaheng@gmail.
com
266
Rammolenyane
Lethaha
LMS Weather
Forecaster
Moeletsi
Khoanyane
MOH Principal
Health Officer
m
266
59359451
Mabaleha MOH Paramedic [email protected] 266
52
Mahamo 58664214
Khojane
Lepholisa
LHDA SSPA [email protected] 266
Thato Mxakaza WHO HPO [email protected] 266
Thabang
Makubakube
FMU Projects
Officer
266
58196049
Rethabile
Pelane
FAO M&E Officer Rethabile.pelane@fao,org 266
59484148
Bokang
Mantutle
FAO SAO [email protected]
Lesetla Makoae MAFS SCFO [email protected] 266
58748912
Maeaea
Mokhethi
MOSD Director SA [email protected] 266
63787817
Ntsoaki Tau FMU Projects
Officer
266
38940010
Nteboheng
Mothae
FNCO RFNCO [email protected] 266
63951057
‘Maaseeiso
Hlongwane
MFRSL [email protected] 266
22323600
Ramotsoku
Rampai
MFRSL [email protected] 266
58025981
Mokitjima
Tsilane
MFRSL [email protected] 266
57686244
Setlaba
Phalatsi
MOSD 266
63000570
Lipula Maseru BOS [email protected] 266
56880925
Moeko Letsie MAFS [email protected] 266
56684927
Leeto Semethe MAFS [email protected] 266
58523261
‘Makhotso
Malibeng
MAFS [email protected] 266
58002941
Tlomoko
Molapo
MAFS [email protected] 266
59462194
Thabang Phori DWA [email protected] 266
53
62188484
Ntsiuoa
Phakisa
DWA [email protected] 266
58092353
Tabitha Seeiso MAFS [email protected] 266
58854212
Mpaki Makara MAFS makaramo@@yahoo.com 266
58905422
Lisemelo
Zacharia
MOH [email protected] 266
50757491
Kenalemang
Cheli
DRWS [email protected] 266
50217922