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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
ÍNDICE
1.- RESUMEN……………………………………………………..Pág. 3
2.- OBJETIVOS…………………………………………………...Pág. 3
3.- FUNDAMENTO TEORICO…………………………………..Pág. 4
4.- EUIPOS E INSTRUMENTOS A UTILI!AR………………Pág. 1"
5.- DATOS…………………………………………………………Pág. 1#
".- CALCULOS Y RESULTADOS………………………………Pág. 21
$.- CONCLUSIONES Y OBSERVACIONES……………….....Pág. 3$
#.- BIBLIO%RAFIA…………………………………………….....Pág. 3$
1&.- ANE'OS……………………………………………………..Pág. 3#
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.2
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
INFORME TECNICO DEL CUARTO Y QUINTO
LABORATORIO
1.- RESUMEN:
E( )*+,++ /0*+ + (**/ * ,*+ +( +,6/ + (, )*á+*,
+0+7/8,9 ,: 7 + (, )+*/, +7á/7, ; +0/7/+7/ +7á/7 + (,
*+, + +7+/ )* 7 + +,7+?/= + 7/(/*, + +( * D/ + *+ + +( * D/+,+( P++* @MEC. C (, , +/,
+( (**/ ,+ 7(76(* )*á+*, (+, 7 +( 7,6 +,)+7:0/7 +(
76,/(+9 +( + +0+7/89 (, )+7/, +0+7/89 //7 ; +
)+*/, +7á/7, ; +á, ( +0/7/+7/ +7á/7 ; +0+7/8. T/> ,+
68/+* (, 76*8, 7*7+*:,/7, @)*á+*, +0+7/8, + 067/= +(
*>g/+ + 8+(7/. A7/67/ ,+ 06+* ( +(g:
+)(+9 ; ),+*/*++ ,+ ,** ; (/* (, *+,6(,
+/,.
2.-OBJETIVOS:
• D++*/* (, 76*8, 7*7+*:,/7, + (, *+, EC ; EC.
•
E,6/* ( /0(6+7/ +( *>g/+ + 8+(7/ +( * ,*+ (g/6 + (, )>*/, +7á/7, + (, *+, EC ; EC.
• D++*/* ( /0(6+7/ +( *>g/+ + 7*g ,*+ +( 7,6
+,)+7:0/7 + 76,/(+ + (, *+, EC ; EC.
• D++*/* ( 8*/7/= + ( +0/7/+7/ +7á/7 + 067/= +( *>g/+
+ 8+(7/ + +( * EC.
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.3
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
• D++*/* ( 8*/7/= + ( +0/7/+7/ +0+7/8 + 067/= +( *>g/+
+ 8+(7/ )* +( 7, +( * EC.
3.- FUNDAMENTO TEORICO:
CARACTERÍSTICAS EXTERNAS DE VELOCIDAD.S+ +/ ,: ( 8*/7/=9 + 067/= + ( 0*+76+7/ + *7/= n9 + (
)+7/ +0+7/8 N+9 + )* +0+7/8 M+9 +( 7,6
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
• Var&a)#% D#+#*'*"#%: E )*/+* (6g* +( 7,6 +,)+7:0/7 +
76,/(+ @g+ ;9 + ,+g6 (6g* +( 7,6 */, +7á/7,9 ,+ +(+8 7,/+*(+++ (, :/7+,
+ +?)(7/=. P* /g6(+, 7/7/+, + 067//+ +( *
/0+*++, 7*g, ; *+g:++, + 8+(7/9 + 7, + *+67/* (, )>*/,
+7á/7,9 +7*+7+ ( 7/ + 7(* *,// ( +/ *+0*/g+*+ ;
/,/6;+ ( /+,/ + (, )/+, 0*/77/+, +( *. S/+ +*+,
(, )>*/, )* 0*/77/= /,/6;+ (, )>*/, + )+7/ 7,6/ )*
77/* ( + 7+/+ ; +( 8+/(*9 ,: 7 +g6 (, /+,/+,
á?/, ; (, ,, +( 8+/(* ; (, ,, +( */*. C6 +*+,
,+ (, )>*/, )* 0*/77/= +* ,+*á +( +,g,+ + (, )*/7/)(+,
)/+, 0*/77/+,9 ,+*á ;* ( 8/ /( ; +* +( +* + 0((, +(
* 6*+ ,6 ,+*8/7/.
A )+,* +( 7,/+*(+ )*7+, (7 + ( 0*/77/= + *+,9 (,
8(*+, + N @)+7/ +7á/7 , *+(/8++ )+6+, + +( *>g/+
/( g++*(++ ,6)+*/*+, + &9$5-&9#& N?. A( /,/6/* ( 7*g +(
8(* + N. +7*+7+.
L g/6 + (, )>*/, )* 0*/77/= 6+ +0// )* ( ,6 +
7)++, 8/76(, 7 +( +,)(/+ *+(/8 + (, )/,+, ;
/((, + (, 7/(/*,9 + (, 6(+, + (, 7,6/((,9 + (, 7/g+(+, ; +(
á*( + (+8, + (, 7H/++,9 +( 6> ; (, 8á(86(, + (, g6:,9 ,: 7
(, /,/g/0/7+, )>*/, + 8+/(7/= 6+9 )*+7+ ( g/** +( 7/g+( ; +(
8(+ ; ,6 0*/77/= 7 +( /*+.
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.5
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
L, 7)++, + (, )>*/, )* */+ +)++ )7 + ( 7*g
,*+ (, +(++, +( +7/, )+* +)++ )*á7/7++ + +*
(/+( ( *>g/+ + 8+(7/ +( * 7*7+*/ )* ( 8+(7/ +/
+( )/,=.
L, 7)++, + (, )>*/, )* */+ (:/+ +)++
,6,7/(++ + ( 77/= + (, g,+, ; + +* +/ + (, 06+*,
/+*7/(+,.
L, )>*/, +7á/7, @+ )* /0+*++, *+,G
PERDIDAS E7+/
C
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
PRDIDAS POR FRICCIN
L 0*/77/= + (, */76(7/+, 7 (6*/77/= (:/+ )6++ 7*+7+*
/+,++ ( +(+8* (, 7*g,9 6+ +,á ++*/, )* ( )*+,/= +(
g, ; (, 06+*, + /+*7/.
L 77/= + +, (/ ,*+ (, )/+, +( g*6) )/,= 7/(/* ,+ *+8+(
(+H, + (, )6, 6+*,9 76 ( 06+* + ,6,+7/= + ( 76
(6*/7+ +, *+(/8++ g*+. E, 767+ 6+ +( 7,6 )* 0*/77/=
+)++ >/(++ + (, 06+*, + /+*7/.
C *+,6( + ( )++*7/= +( g, + +( +,)7/ +*+ (, *, ; (,
*6*, +( )/,= ,6*g+ 6 )*+,/= +/ )6+ 6+ 7 ,*+
/7*/, )* 0*/77/=. S+ +,6/ (, ),/(+, 8:,G
D/,/67/= +( á*+ + 77 G S+ 7* (, ,6)+*0/7/+, + (, 0(/((, +
(, )/,+, ; +( +* + /((, +( )/,=.
L +(//7/= + 6 /(( + 7 )/,= /,/6;+ ( )>*/ + 0*/77/= +
6 )*+/ + &9&12 M).
P+*0+77/= + ( 0* ; 7(/ +( 7 + ( ,6)+*0/7/+ + 77. E(
*+(/+8+ + ( *6g,/ + ( ,6)+*0/7/+ + 77 ++ ,+* =)/. S/ (
*6g,/ +, +?7+,/8 )6++ /7*++*,+ /(+*(+++ (, )*+,/+, +
77. A6+* +( +,)*+//+ +,)+7:0/7 + 7(* 6+ 767+
*,)6*, ; ( +,g,+ + (, /((, ; +( 7/(/*.
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.$
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
M+H*/+ + ( 7(/ + (, (6*/7+, 6+ ,+ +)(+G L, )>*/,
+7á/7, + (, *+, +)++ + ( 8/,7,/ +( 7+/+. E
7/7/+, *+(+, + 067//+ 6+ +0// )* ,6 7*7+*:,/7 +
8/,77/-+)+*6*. L +)+*6* +( (6*/7+ /0(6;+
7,/+*(+++ + (, )>*/, )* 0*/77/=9 ,/+ :/, +*+ #& ;
K&C.
O)//7/= +( +, >*/7 +( *G E( +, >*/7 + (, ,6)+*0/7/+,
+ (, )/+, 6+ +0// )* ( 7*g9 )* +( *>g/+ + 8+(7/ +(
* ; )* ( /+,/ + ,6 *+0*/g+*7/=.
I7*++ + ( 7*gG A( 6+* ( 7*g9 ( +)+*6* + ( 7)
(6*/7+ ,+ +(+89 ( 6+ )+*/+ +0//* */, )*
0*/77/=.
PRDIDAS EN EL INTERCAMBIO DE ASES
E (, *+, *á)/, + 6=8/( ( )*+ + )>*/, 7**+,)/++ (
/+*7/ + g,+, )6++ 7,/6/* */, (+,. P* +, , + 76(/ (, *H, /*/g/, *+67/* (, )>*/, + +(
/+*7/ + g,+, /,/6;+ (, *+,/,+7/, +*/á/7, + (
/,/= ; +( +,7)+.
POTENCIA
A ( )+7/ +,**(( + +( /+*/* +( 7/(/* +,á )(/7
:+g*++ ( 7/g+(9 )6+, 6 )*+ + +(( +, ,*/ )* (,
*+,/,+7/, ),/8, @7(*9 */+9 +7. F6+(++ )+,
/,/g6/* 3 7(,+, + )+7/ + +( *G ( //79 ( +0+7/8 ; (
,*/ @ +7á/7.
L )*/+* )6++ 7(76(*,+ )*/+ +( 7/7( //79 76; á*+ +(
/g* *+)*+,+ +( *H *+(/ )* +( 7/(/* 6*+ +( 7/7(. L
)+7/ +0+7/8 ,+ /++ //+ 7 á6/, )*)/, +( *H 6+
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.#
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
+,á +,**(( +( *. L )+7/ ,*/ +, ( /0+*+7/ +*+ (,
, +*/*+, 6+ )6++ ,+* +/, /> 7 +( *H +7+,*/ )*
, + ( )*+,/=
+/ //7 +( 7/7(.
Ni Pmi Vh n
= × ×
120
LA POTENCIA EFECTIVA
L )+7/ +0+7/8 +, g++* )* 6 )* @)(/7 ( /+( ; *,// (
7/g+( ; ,+ 77+ /> 7 )+7/ ( 0*+ ; 6+ ,+ /+
+)(+ 6 /,),//8 0*++9 6+ )(/7 ( +H+ +( *9 ,+ )+ (
)* * )+*//+ (++* ,6 8(*.
LA POTENCIA MECANICA
R+,6( /0:7/( + +/* ( /8+*,/ + (, 76,, + (, )>*/, )*
*/+ ; (, (+*7/+, + ,6 8(* ( 8*/* (, 7/7/+, +
067//+. P6++ ++*,+ ,6 8(* ( //+ ( )+7/ +0+7/8 ;*+, + ( //7. C + +,+ )*7+//+ *+,6( 7)(+H (
++*/7/= + ( )+7/ ,*/ ,6+(+ 7+*7*,+ (/g g/** (
* ,/ 6+ +,+ 067/+. M//+ ( )*)/ /+) ( )+7/ 6+ +,
+7+,*/ +)(+*.
Ne Ni Nm −=
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.K
9550
n Me Ne
×=
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
P* )+*/, +7á/7, ,+ +/++ (, )+*/, */g/, )* ( 0*/77/=
+*+ (, )/+, +( *9 +( /+*7/ + g,+,9 +( 77//+ +
+7/,, 6?/(/*+, @, + g69 + 7+/+9 + 76,/(+9 8+/(*9
g++** ; +( 77//+ +( 7)*+,* @,)(*. E (, *+, D/+,+(
7 7á*, + 76,/= ,+)*,9 (, )+*/, +7á/7, ,+ ++
/> (, )+*/, g,/á/7, 76**/, ( ),* ( +7( *8>, +(
7( 6+ 76/7 ( 7á* 6?/(/* 7 ( 7á* )*/7/)( +( *.
P* (g: ( )*+,/= +/ //79 76 ,+ +,6/ (, )>*/,
+7á/7,9 78+7/(++9 ,+ /*67+ +( 77+) + )*+,/= +/ +
)>*/, +7á/7,9 ( 76( 6>*/7++ +, /g6( ( *H +,)+7:0/7 +
)>*/, + 6 7/7(. M+á/7++ ( )*+,/= +/ + )+*/,
+7á/7, ,+ *+)*+,+ +/+ ( ,/g6/++ +?)*+,/=G
P m = P fr + P i.g + P aux + P v!" + P #$m%
+G
P0* GP*+,/= +/ + )+*/, +7á/7, )* 0*/77/=.
P/.g GP*+,/= +/ + )+*/, +7á/7, )* /+*7/ +
g,+,.
P6? GP*+,/= +/ + )+*/, +7á/7, )* 77//+
+ +7/,, 6?/(/*+,.
P8+ GP*+,/= +/ + )+*/, +7á/7, )* 8+/(7/=.
P7) GP*+,/= +/ + )+*/, +7á/7, )* 77//+
+( 7)*+,* )* +( 7, + *+, 7
,*+(/+7/= +7á/7.
L, ;*+, )>*/, +7á/7, ,+ ++ (, )>*/, )* 0*/77/= P 0* 9 6+
7,/6;+
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
METODOS PARA ALLAR LAS PRDIDAS MEC/NICAS
L ++*/7/= + (, )>*/, +7á/7, ,+ )6++ +0+76* )* (,
,/g6/++, >,G
- M> )* **,*+ @*+
- M> )* /g* I/7
- M> + +,7+?/= + 7/(/*,
- M> +):*/7.
M4"('( +(r Arra%"r#
E +,+ >9 +( * + +,6/ ,+ +76+* )g. O* *9 6+
+,*á 7)( /*+7++ ( +,;9 ,+*á 77/ + ( 0* 6+ ,+
)6+ +/* +( 8(* + ( )+7/ ( +H+ 7,6/ +
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
F&,ra 1: M4"('( '# M("(r#(
M4"('( '# D#%!(*#5&6* '# C&&*'r(%
E,+ > ,+ *+(/ + 6 * 6(/7/(:*/79 7 +( * F*9 + (
0* 6+ ,+ )6+ +,7+7* 7 6 + +((, )* ,+)* )* ,:
*/, +7á/7,.
C+ *+,(* 6+ +/+ +,+ > (, 8(*+, +/, /++ 6
)*7+H+ + +***9 +)+/+ >,+ + 8*/, 07*+, +( * + +,6/9
7 ,G /) + *9 ,/,+ + +7+/9 g* + +,g,+9 ,/,+ +
(/+7/= + 76,/(+9 +7.
E,+ )*7+H+ + +***9 ,+ ++ ( +,7+, + (, *+8(67/+, (
+,7+7* 6 7/(/*9 ,/+ 6+ + +,, +)++ /*+7++ (
)+7/9 7 ( 76( -7*/ 6 *+(7/= +á/7 /*+79 +*+ (
)+7/ +( * 7 7/(/*, 067/ ;9 7 -1 7/(/*, 067/.
S/ (, 7/7/+ +( * + +,6/9 , (, +H*+, +( 7, (, *+(7/+,
,+ )*á +0+76* ; (, 8(*+, + (, )+*/, +7á/7, +/, ,+*á
,+ )*?/,.
A 7/67/= ,+ +(( ( *+(7/= +á/7 )* ++* ( )+7/
+0+7/8 (G
9550
*n Me Ne =
4321 −−−−+++=
iiii N N N N Ni …. (1)
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.12
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
eeeeeem
i
eim
eeeei
eeeei
eeeei
eeeei
N N N N N N N N paratenemosecuacionlade y
N N N Además
F F Ln
N N N
F F Ln
N N N
F F Ln
N N N
F F Ln
N N N
−−−−−=
−=
−=−=
−=−=
−=−=
−=−=
−−−−
−−−
−−−
−−−
−−−
)4(:)1(
efectiva.Potencia: Ne
indicada.Potencia: Ni
mecánicas.Perdidas: Nm
:Donde
:
)(9550
*
)(
9550
*
)(9550
*
)(9550
*
4321
444
333
222
111
R+,(8/+ ++,G
)3(9550
*4321 −−−−
−−−−=eeeeem
F F F F F Ln
N
D+ 6: +*:, ( ,/g6/++ g*á0/7G
N
NA2
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.13
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
F&,ra 2: Var&a!&6* '# N7 #* r4,&7#* '# 8#(!&'a'
E,+ > + +,7+?/= + 7/(/*, +, 6/(/ + +( * P++*
+/9 6+ +( * P++* +, 7/(/*/79 ,( +, )(/7(+ *+,
7 (/)(+, 7/(/*, 7 + +( 7, +( * F*. P* +( 7, +
*+, 7/(/*/7, ,+ 6/(/ +( > +( **,*+9 7 6 * +(>7*/7
+ 7**/++ 7/6.
M4"('( E7+$r&!(
S+ +7/ +*/*++ 6+ +( #& + (, )+*/, +7á/7, ,
)+*/, )* 0*/77/= ; +* + +,, 6 5& 7**+,)+ )*?/++
(, )/+, +( g*6) 7/(/*-+(9 )* ( 76( ( )*+,/= +/ + )+*/,
+7á/7, ++7+ ( ,/g6/++ *+(7/= +):*/7G
Pm = A + B.V %
+G
A ; B GS 7+0/7/++, +):*/7, 6+ +)++ +( /) + *.
V) GV+(7/ +/ +( *.
M*
E.C A B M* EC A B
SD1 &.&5 &.&155
Cá* +
76,/=
,+)*
&.1&5 &.13#
SD1 &.&4 &.&135
Cá* +
76,/= &.1&5 &.1&2
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.14
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
,+/,+)*
; ,+)*
Ta)a B: Va(r#% '# A 9 B +ara M("(r#%
E.C 9 E.C.
E,+ > +, 6 0* )*7/7 + ++* (, )+*/, +7á/7, + 6
* ; ,+ /+,+( ,+ 6 * g,(/.
.- EQUIPOS E INSTRUMENTOS UTILI;ADOS:
4.1.- MOTOR ECG
• U 7 + )*6+, + 6 * D/
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
F&,ra 2: M("(r Da&
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
• U 7 + )*6+, + 6 * D/+,+( P++* @+ 1 7/(/*
F&,ra : T#r767#"r( a a #*"ra'a F&,ra ?: M("(r E4!"r&!(
'# &@&'( r#r&,#ra*"#
F&,ra : M("(r P#""#r =EC> F&,ra : D&*a767#"r(
?.- DATOS:
5.1.- PARA EL BANCO DE PRUEBAS DEL MOTOR ECG
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.1$
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
N
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
P+* C(*:0/7G 42.5 MJQg
• E,)+7/0/77/+, +( *G
/ 3 7/(/*,L 32 7 @* +( /=+*
5.2.- PARA EL BANCO DE PRUEBAS DEL MOTOR ECG
N
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
2 5&& 25 43 3#
3 5&& 3& 41 33
4 5&& 4& 2K 22
5 5&& 5& 2" 13
" 5&& 5K 21 #
$ 5&& $& 1#.5 5
# 5&& $K 1" 3
Ta)a : M#%"ra (% 'a"(% '# a)(ra"(r&( N? a+&!a*'( # 74"('( '#7("(r#( +ara * ? r+7 =!"#>
N @*) TE@C F@N P7+/+@PSI
1 2&& #& 5 1
2 3&& #& 11 1
3 4&& #& 15 1
4 5&& #& 1K 2
5 "&& #& 2" 5
" $&& $K 31 1&
$ #&& $K 3$ 1"
# K&& $# 43 2&
K 1&&& $# 4K 25
1& 11&& $$ 54 2$
11 12&& $$ "& 32
12 13&& $" "4 35
13 14&& $" "" 3#
14 15&& $" "K 42
Ta)a : M#%"ra (% 'a"(% '# a)(ra"(r&( N? a+&!a*'( # 74"('( '#7("(r#( +ara * 8ar&a)#
• E,)+7/0/77/+, +( 76,/(+G
lt kg Diesel !94.0= ρ
• E,)+7/0/77/+, +( *G
/ 1 7/(/*
L 31& @* +( /=+*
L 23& @* + )+*/, +7á/7,
.- CALCULOS Y RESULTADOS:
".1.- MOTOR ECG
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.2&
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
CALCULO DE LOS PARAMETROS EFECTIVOS
U,*+, ( ( 1. L, )*á+*, +0+7/8, 7(76(* ,G
• M+ E0+7/8 @N-G
L F Me ×=
F G F6+* )(/7 ,*+ +( /=+* @NL G B* +( 0*+ @&.32
• P+7/ E0+7/8 @QG
9550
n Me Ne
×=
M+ G M+ E0+7/8 @N-
G RPM
•
C,6 E,)+7/0/7 + C6,/(+ @g*Q
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.22
1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 300020
40
60
M+@N-2
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
g+@g*Q
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
VARIACION DEL CONSUMO ESPECÍFICO DE COMBUSTIBLE EN
RIMEN DE CARA
U,*+, (, , + ( ( 2.
• C,6 E,)+7/0/7 + C6,/(+ @g*Qg/+ + 7*gG
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.23
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.24
2 4 6 8 10 12 14300
400
500
600
700
800
900
N+ @Q
g+ @g*Q
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
CALCULO DE PERDIDAS MECANICAS
S+ 6, +( > + +,7+?/= + 7/(/*, )* ( 6+ 6,*+, (, ,
+ ( ( 3G
• P+7/ E0+7/8 @QG
9550
n Me Ne
×=
M+ G M+ E0+7/8 @N-
G RPM
• P+7/ + P+*/, M+7á/7, @QG
∑=
−−=3
1
2i
i Ne Ne Nm
N+ G P+7/ E0+7/8 @Q
/ G 6+* + 7/(/*,
• P+7/ I/7 @QG
Nm Ne Ni +=
N+ G P+7/ E0+7/8 @Q
N G P+7/ + P+*/, M+7á/7, @Q
• E0/7/+7/ M+7á/7
Ni
Nm
Ni
Nem
−== 1η
P* )+* )*+7/* ( ++7/ + +,, )*á+*, (, *+, + 6
(G
N @*) F+ F+-1 F+-2 F+-3 N+ N+-1 N+-2 N+-3
1 3&&& #.$ 4.1 3.K 3.K #.5$K4 4.&432 3.#45K 3.#45K
2 2$&& 1&.2 4.K 4.# 4." K.&52$ 4.34#K 4.2"&1 4."
3 24&& 11." 5.# " " K.1513 4.5$5$ 4.$335 4.$335
4 21&& 13.2 ".K $ $ K.111K 4.$"3& 4.#321 4.#321
5 1#&& 14.4 # $.K $.K #.52&2 4.$335 4."$43 4."$43
Ta)a 1: M#%"ra a% +("#*!&a% ##!"&8a% '# !a'a !&&*'r(
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.25
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
N @*) N+ N N/
1 3&&& #.5$K4 5.423$ 14.&&31 &."12$
2 2$&& K.&52$ 5.413K 14.4""" &."25#
3 24&& K.1513 4.2"&1 13.4115 &."#244 21&& K.111K 3.$K"" 12.K &.$&5K
5 1#&& #.52&2 2.K5#4 11.4$#" &.$423
Ta)a 11: M#%"ra a% +("#*!&a% ##!"&8a% '# +4r'&'a% 7#!0*&!a% #&*'&!a'a 9 a #&!*!&a 7#!0*&!a #* *!&6* '# a% r+7
CALCULO DE LA EFICIENCIA EFECTIVA
U,, (, , + ( ( 3G
• E0/7/+7/ E0+7/8G
ge Hue
×
×=
310".3η
6 G P+* C(*:0/7 +( 76,/(+ @42.5 MJQg
g+ G C,6 E,)+7/0/7 + C6,/(+ @g*Q
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.2$
1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 30000
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
N+9 N29 N/ @Q
Ne
Nm
Ni
1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 30000.6
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
@*)2
2
%RAFICA DE LAS POTENCIAS EFECTIVA9 INDICADA9 DE PERDIDAS MECANICAS Y DE LA EFICIENCIA MECANICA EN FUNCION DEL RE%IMEN DE VELOCIDAD
nm
Condiones de Trabajo:
a) n: variable (1800rpm - 3000rpm)
b) hc = 25% (cte)
c) Temperatura del motor: Te (cte)
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.2#
1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 30000.2
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.27
@*)2
+
%RAFICA DE LA EFICIENCIA EFECTIVA EN FUNCION DEL RE%IMEN DE VELOCIDAD
datos
ne
Condiciones de trabajo:
a) n : variable (1800rpm - 3000rpm)b) hc = 25% (cte)
c) Temperatura del motor : Te (cte)
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
".2.- MOTOR ECG
CALCULO DE LOS PARAMETROS EFECTIVOS
U,*+, (, , + ( ( 4. L, )*á+*, +0+7/8, 7(76(* ,G
•
M+ E0+7/8 @N-G L F Me ×=
F G F6+* )(/7 ,*+ +( /=+* @N
L G B* +( 0*+ @&.31
• P+7/ E0+7/8 @QG
9550
n Me Ne
×=
M+ G M+ E0+7/8 @N-
G RPM
• C,6 E,)+7/0/7 + C6,/(+ @g*Q
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.3&
1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 200020
22
24
26
M+ @N-2
%RAFICA DE LOS PARAMETROS EFECTIVOS EN FUNCION DEL RE%IMEN DE VELOCIDAD
300
350
400
450
g+ @g*Q
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
VARIACION DEL CONSUMO ESPECÍFICO DE COMBUSTIBLE EN
RIMEN DE CARA
U,*+, (, , + ( ( 5.
• C,6 E,)+7/0/7 + C6,/(+ @g*Q
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.32
2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
N+ @Q
g+ @g*Q
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
CALCULO DE PERDIDAS MECANICAS
P* +,+ 7á(76( ,+ )(/7 +( > + *+9 )* ( 6+ 6,*+, (,
(, " ; $. A7/67/ ,+ 7(76(* (, )+*/, +7á/7, )* (,
/0+*++, /), + *+g/++,G
a> S#,* a 8ar&a!&6* '# a T '# &@&'( r#r&,#ra*"#
S+ 68 + 76+ (, ,/g6/++, 7/7/+, + *HG
• L, *) ,+ 68 7,+ @ 5&& *)
• T+)+*6* +( * @+)+*6* ( +* +( (/6/
*+0*/g+*+G TE 8*/ +,+ 1K C
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.34
20 30 40 50 60 700.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
Te (ºC)
N2@Q
%RAFICA DE LAS PERDIDAS MECANICAS EN FUNCION DE LA VARIACION DE LA TEMPERATURA DEL LIUIDO REFRI%ERANTE
Nm
datos
Condiciones de Trabajo:
a) n = 500 rpm (cte)
b) Te : variable (19ºC - 79ºC)
c) hc = 15 mm (cte)
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
)> R4,&7#* '# V#(!&'a'
S+ 68 + 76+ (, ,/g6/++, 7/7/+, + *HG
• L, *) 8*/* +,+ 2&& *)
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
MOTORES DE COMBUSTION INTERNA Pág.3"
200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
@*)2
N2@Q
%RAFICA DE LAS PERDIDAS MECANICAS EN FUNCION DEL RE%IMEN DE VELOCIDAD
Nm
datos
Condiciones de Trabajo:
a) n : variable (200rpm - 1500rpm)
b) Te : 78ºC (cte)
c) hc = 15 mm (cte)
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
.- CONCLUSIONES Y OBSERVACIONES:
• E( /) + *9 ,/,+ + +7+/9 g* + +,g,+9 ,/,+ +
(/+7/= + 76,/(+9 +7. , 07*+, )*+)+*+, +
8*/7/= + +( > + +,7+?/= + 7/(/*,9 ( 6+ (, )+*/, +7á/7, @)*
0*/77/= +, ,+ ++ 6+ 7*+7+ (, 06+*, + /+*7/ ; ( 8+(7/
*+(/8 + +,)(/+ + (, )/+,. C*+7+ /> ( +)+*6*
; H ( 8/,7,/ +( (6*/7+ (, 06+*, + */+ 6++/ (, 7*g, 7*+7/++, ,*+ (, )/+, + 77.
• E +( * EC9 (, )*á+*, +0+7/8, g6* ( ++7/ + (,
76*8, +=*/7,9 )* +H+)( ( )+7/ +0+7/8 7*+7+ 70*+
6+ (, *) ; (6+g ((+g ,6 )6 ?/ ; /,/6;+. E(
7,6 +,)+7:0/7 + 7/ )*/+* +7*+7+ ; (6+g 6+.
• E +( * EC )* 76/0/7* (, )+*/, +7á/7, ,+ 6, +(
/=+* 7 +( * + )+*/, @L &.23.• E +( * EC9 )* 7,/+** ( +)+*6* +( * ,+ ++*:
+/* ( +( 7+/+9 )+* )* *+67/* +( /+) ,+ ( +)+*6*
( +* +( (:6/ *+0*/g+*+.
• L, )+*/, +7á/7, + +( * EC /,/6;+ 70*+ 6+
( +)+*6* +( * 6 /, *)9 )* +( 7**/ ( )*+,/= +(
7+/+ /,/6;+. E 7/ + *>g/+ + 8+(7/ 6+ (,
)+*/, +7á/7, 7 +( 6+ + ( 8+(7/.
G.- BIBLIORAFIA:
• M*+, + A6=8/(9 J8H9 M.S.9 E/*/( MIR9 M,7 1K#2
• A)6+, + 7(,+ + +*: +( Ig. J6 L/*
• A)6+, + 7(,+ + (**/ +( Ig. J*g+ P7+
• .g+7//+,.7JAM4K+,/+?.
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INFORME TECNICO DEL 4TO Y 5TO LABORATORIO UNI-FIM
H.- ANEXOS: