LANDLAND
14.1 How We Use Land14.1 How We Use Land14.2 Urban Land Use14.2 Urban Land Use14.3 Land Management & Conservation14.3 Land Management & Conservation
Land usesLand uses
Section 14.1
How We Use Land
●Land cover - rangeland- forest land- cropland- parks/preserves- wetlands/mountains/deserts, other- urban land
Compare
●Urban: land covered mainly with buildings and roads
●Rural: contains relatively few people & large open spaces
Write in your notes an example of an urban area and a rural area and underline them both.
Where you live: Chesterfield Where you live: Chesterfield TownshipTownship
In the first decade of the 21st century, In the first decade of the 21st century, much of Chesterfield Township is much of Chesterfield Township is dominated by subdivisions and shopping dominated by subdivisions and shopping developments, in contrast to just thirty or developments, in contrast to just thirty or so years earlier when the community was so years earlier when the community was considerably more rural. The far northern considerably more rural. The far northern end of the township is still largely rural. end of the township is still largely rural. Anchor Bay influences the southeastern Anchor Bay influences the southeastern part of the community, where many part of the community, where many pleasure boats, docks, and marine-related pleasure boats, docks, and marine-related businesses can be found.businesses can be found.
The Urban-Rural Connection
● Ecosystem services: the resources that are produced by natural & artificial ecosystems
examples:
- purification of air & water
- preservation of soil & renewal of soil fertility
- regulation of climate
- aethetic beauty
Section 14.2
Urban Land Use
●Urbanization: Movement from rural areas to cities
Slow growth: - Usually roads and transportation have
been built to handle growth, so traffic flows smoothly.
- These areas are usually more pleasant places to live because “green space” has been planned.
Urbanization, cont.
● There may be trouble when urban growth is rapid.
● Infrastructure
Includes: roads, libraries, hospitals, water mains, schools, sewers, power lines, bridges, fire + police stations
Urbanization
Urban crisis
Urban sprawl in China
● Urban sprawl
Other Impacts of Urbanization
● Heat island The name for the increased temperature in the city. In some areas, increased rainfall is a side effect of the heat island.
Write in your notes why a heat island may result in increased rainfall. Remember what we learned earlier this year about warm air.
Urban Planning
● Land-use planning
- what/where decisions
● Geographic information system (GIS)
- powerful because you can overlay information
Advantages of open spaces
Open spaces include parks, public gardens, and bicycle and hiking trails.
Some of the benefits of open spaces
include:
- Plants absorb CO2/produce O2 and filter out pollutants from the air.
- Urbanites can exercise and relax.
Section 14.3
Land Management & Conservation
Main categories of rural land:
farmland
rangeland
forest land
national and state parks
wilderness
Farmland
Rangeland
Forest land
National Parks
State Parks
Wilderness
Rangelands
● Overgrazing- too many plants are eaten
- changes in plant communities- or all plants are eaten
- nothing to keep soil from eroding/blowing away
Forest lands
People use enormous amounts of wood. The worldwide average is 1,800 cm3 of wood used per person each day. In the United States, each person uses 3.5 times this amount.
● Clear-cutting
● Deforestation
● Reforestation
Wilderness
● Wilderness
- protected from exploitation
● Exploitation: use or utilization, especially for profit: the
exploitation of newly discovered oil fields. 2. selfish utilization: He got ahead through
the exploitation of his friends.
Benefits of protected areas
1. Biodiversity2. Drinking water3. Economics4. Combat climate change5. Recreational pursuits
Threats to protected areas
There is a constant battle in our world between our conservation efforts and the growing population.
Litter and traffic jams that have plagued our cities, now threaten many of our national parks.
Credits – Photos • Farm: http://www.stoneledgefarmny.org/static/img/farm-crop.jpg• City scape: http://www.hickerphoto.com/data/media/25/city-scape-montreal_6157.jpg• Yosemite: http://static.travelmuse.com/docs/artwork/destination-page/yosemite-national-park-page-full.jpg• Subdivision: http://www.youngandconnell.com.au/img/properties/pearsall_mews.jpg• Definition ecosystem: http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_1861607453/ecosystem.html • Chesterfield Township: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chesterfield_Township,_Michigan• Urban/Rural Counties in MI: http://www.mcrh.msu.edu/CAH/MichiganRuralUrbanCounties.pdf• Urbanization: http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/
Urban_sprawl_as_seen_from_Tokyo_tower_towards_West.jpg&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Urban_sprawl_as_seen_from_Tokyo_tower_towards_West.jpg&h=1944&w=2592&sz=2048&tbnid=r8NGwAKNBdbvWM::&tbnh=113&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3Durban%2Bsprawl%2Bimages&hl=en&usg=__kCyGH9aD3_8cJl_Vzml14HTtGzQ=&ei=Md7GSbrNENPgnQeanfDLDQ&sa=X&oi=image_result&resnum=4&ct=image&cd=1
• Urban crisis: http://www.spaceandculture.org/uploaded_images/slums-799434.jpg• Urban crisis – China: http://www.we-make-money-not-art.com/wow/0aatijujua.jpg• Farmland: http://www.esri.com/news/arcuser/0402/graphics/preserve1_lg.jpg• Rangeland: http://www.headquarterswest.com/listings/flyingdiamond/rangeland.jpg• Forest land: http://www.instablogsimages.com/images/2008/01/03/forest-land_8155.jpg• National/State Parks: http://www.glacierparkinformation.com/glacier_park.jpg;
http://www.latimes.com/media/photo/2007-10/32971262.jpg• Wilderness: http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/w/wilderness-522847-sw.jpg
• Reforestation: http://www.treehugger.com/peru-national-reforestation-campaign.jpg and http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/starkey/photos/Starkey/Activities/Forest%20Management/images/reforestation.jpg
• Exploitation: http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_1861609889/exploitation.html• Threats: http://www.nationalparkstraveler.com/files/storyphotos/YELL-Traffic_Jam_NPS.jpg• Prepared by G. LaBruyere