+
+ Le cinéma à
l’école
CYCLE III L'École donne une place importante au cinéma et à l'audiovisuel dans le cadre plus large de l'éducation à l'image. La première pratique culturelle des jeunes est celle de l’image : cinéma, photo, télévision, jeux vidéo, Internet, etc. Depuis plus de 20 ans, l’École a mis en place une éducation théorique et pratique à ce langage complexe dont les codes et les techniques évoluent sans cesse. Dès l’école primaire, l’éducation à l’image, au cinéma et à l’audiovisuel permet aux élèves d’acquérir une culture, d'avoir une pratique artistique et de découvrir de nouveaux métiers.
2
Le cinéma: L'éducation à l'image, au cinéma et à l'audiovisuel
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8 décembre 1861 : Naissance à Paris : son père est le propriétaire dʼune fabrique de chaussures de luxe. Lors de ses études, passionné de dessins, il caricature ses professeurs. 1877 : Premières représentations théâtrales. 1884 : Départ vers Londres pour perfectionner son anglais : il y découvre la prestidigitation. 1886 : Retour à Paris : il souhaite exercer un métier artistique, mais son père refuse, il doit travailler dans lʼentreprise familiale. Il donne des soirées privées de prestidigitation. 1888 : Héritage dʼune partie de la fabrique de chaussures : il revend sa part pour se consacrer à sa passion et achète le théâtre de Robert-Houdin, sa troupe, ses automates, et monte des spectacles de prestidigitation et de « grandes illusions ». 1895 : Première représentation du cinématographe Lumière : émerveillé par cette invention, il fait une offre dʼachat aux frères Lumière qui refusent. 5 avril 1896 : Réalisation de ses premiers films (dès quʼil acquit une caméra), installation dʼun atelier de montage dans sa villa de Montreuil. De 1896 à 1913 : Création de plus de 600 petits films. Il développe de plus en plus de trucages : 1896 : Escamotage dʼune Dame chez Robert-Houdin 1901 : LʼHomme à la tête en caoutchouc 1902 : Le Voyage dans la Lune 1913 : Arrêt définitif de ses créations cinématographiques : ruiné, il quitte le théâtre Robert- Houdin. De 1915 à 1923 : Présentation de pièces de théâtre : celles-ci plaisent de moins en moins au public. Il est contraint de vendre sa propriété à Montreuil. Déçu, celui-ci brûle ou vend une grande partie de ses œuvres. 1925 : Changement de profession : il devient marchand de jouets et de confiseries à la gare Montparnasse. 10 décembre 1925 : Mariage avec Jehanne dʼAlcy, la principale interprète de ses films. 1929 : Présentation du gala Méliès à la salle Pleyel : cʼest une sorte de renaissance pour son œuvre, acclamée par les spectateurs. 1930 : Mort de sa fille : il décide de sʼoccuper de sa petite-fille Madeleine.
21 janvier 1938 : Décès à Paris : il est enterré au cimetière du Père Lachaise.(
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