HISTORY 26

Lecture Eight:

The Old Kingdom(c. 2686 - 2160 BC)

The Old KingdomDynasties 3 and 4 (2686 -

2494 BC)3rd Dynasty (2686 -

2613)

NebkaDjoser (Netjerikhet)SekhemkhetKhabaSanakht?Huni

4th Dynasty (2613 - 2494)

SneferuKhufu (Cheops)Djedefra (Radjedef)Khafra (Chephren)Menkaura (Mycerinus)Shepseskaf

Djoser’s Step-Pyramid at Saqqara

Djoser’s Step-Pyramid at Saqqara

1 Entrance 2 South Tomb 3 Chapel of the South

Tomb 4 Heb-Sed Court 5 Boundary Marker 6 Altar 7 Djoser's Step Pyramid 8 Northern Temple 9 Court of the Serdab10 Pavilion of the South 11 Pavilion of the North 12 Western Mastifs

A User-Kaf's PyramidB Unas's PyramidC Ptah-Hotep and Ankti-

Hotep's mastabaD Philosopher's Circle

Djoser’s Step-Pyramid at Saqqara

Imhotep, High Priest of Heliopolis

Ra

Imhotep the Mummy

Sneferu (Horus Nebmaat,2613 - 2589 BC)

The Bent Pyramid (Southern Dahshur)

Sneferu (Horus Nebmaat,2613 - 2589 BC)

The Red Pyramid (Northern Dahshur)

The Pyramids at Giza(c. 2589 - 2503 BC)

Khufu (Cheops, Horus Medjedu,

2589 - 2566 BC)

Khufu (Cheops, Horus Medjedu,

2589 - 2566 BC)

Khufu (Cheops, Horus Medjedu,

2589 - 2566 BC)

Khafra (Chephren, Horus Weserib,

2558 - 2532 BC)

The Great Sphinx

Menkaura (Mycerinus, HorusKakhet, 2532 - 2503 BC)

The Pyramids at Giza(c. 2589 - 2503 BC)

The Pyramids at Giza(c. 2589 - 2503 BC)

Kingship and the Afterlife A mediator between the gods and

the Egyptian people– A manifestation of Horus– Netjer nefer, junior god– “Son of Ra”

Both maintained and was subject to ma‘at– “Truth, right behavior, correct

balance” Little internal dissent and few

mechanisms of coercion