IntroductionResearch QuestionObjectiveSignificance
Literature ReviewBackground Info
MethodsQuantitative Design
ResultsGrades and Educational
ExpectationsDiscussionConclusionsAcknowledgments
OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION
• What factors facilitate or inhibit college enrollment for Latinas? What assists them in achieving academic success?• Compared to Males?• Compared to other ethnic groups?
OBJECTIVES
• To identify facilitatory and inhibitory factors for academic success by examining…
• Individual Resources• Parental/Family Resources• Sociocultural Resources
• To offer insights into the protective factors for Latinas in academic success and lead to combative strategies for the identified barriers
BACKGROUNDLatino students report lower levels
educational aspirations compared to Asian, African American, and Caucasian
students
Latinos report lower rates of college attendance and completion than other ethnic groups
Ethnic minority first-generation college students typically have poorer academic performance and higher dropout rates than other students
BACKGROUND
The lack of contextual resources such as peer support predicts poorer grades and adjustment
Persistent levels of parental support of education were accompanied by elevations in GPA performance
For Latinos academic achievement is linked both to individual- and family-level influences.However, Asian Americans have higher than average
educational goals than Hispanic Americans
BACKGROUND
Latino students with greater psychological and family resources display greater academic achievement
Women outperform males in academia attainment and success across all ethnicities
Amongst Latinas, this gender gap is smaller but still significant
METHODSWith over 1,082 subjects, the coded data from
a longitudinal study spanned over 5 years on students from the Los Angeles Unified School District
We examined waves 1 & 2:Senior high school studentsOne year after high school
The data sets included survey responses from five ethnic groups: European, East Asian, Latin, Africa American, and Other.
METHODSThrough multinomial regressions and
ANOVAs, analyses, we predicated college enrollment by investigating independent variables such as…
Motivational/Personal factorsEx. Educational ExpectationsParental ResourcesEx. Parental EducationSociocultural CharactersEx. Gender roles and expectations
Gender and Ethnicity acted as a moderators
RESULTS
Grades and Educational Expectations were independently significant across gender and ethnic groups Grades were significant when controlledEducational expectations are influenced by
parental warmth, parental education, and parental expectationsNot only by grades, it became more significant
after controlling for gradesLargest predicator for Latinos and Caucasians
RESULTS
Facilitatory ResourcesParental Factors
Parental expectations predicts individual educational expectations and is significant for all ethnic groups
Parental education highly predicts gradesFor Latinos, parental warmth and parental
education were not as strong of predictors as for Caucasians
Personal ResourcesMotivational variables were found not to be
significant Ex. Goal engagements/disengagmenets
RESULTS
Inhibitory ResourcesParental Factors
For Latinos, having low parental warmth does not effect college enrollment
In fact, those with low parental warmth do slightly better
The reverse is said for Caucasians, parental warmth correlates with low college enrollment
For the Caucasians with low Parental education and parental warmth , the probability of failing in their educational attainment and goal achievement increases.
Parental Education levels have no effect for Latinos
DISCUSSIONGrades and educational expectations stood
as the strongest predicators for college enrollment in all ethnic groups, especially for Latinos.
Uneven distribution for college enrollment is explained
Little to no significance was concluded on the main effects model from the other investigated variables
E.g. No significance found on motivational variables Contrary to expectations:
No sociocultural factors were found to be highly significant for college enrollment
CONCLUSIONSThe most significant protective factors for
college enrollment across gender and all ethnic groups are:Grades and Educational Expectations
Emphasizing the importance of grades and having the expectation of academic success becomes an important parenting strategy
For college enrollment, Latino students need educational expectations most of all to succeed in academia
AcknowledgmentsDr. Jutta Heckhausen – Faculty MentorDr. Kris Day – Social Ecology ProfessorJared Lessard – Graduate Student AdvisorMotivational Lab Partners –
Cory Clark, Bernadette Torres, & Alexandria Delgado
UROP Social Ecology Honors Program
Especially my fellow classmates