Conflict mitigation in
the hot spot areas – organic waste
GOAL SITUATION
Croatia (Rijeka-Zagreb highway)
25 garbage containers 26 garbage containers
Slovenia (settlements)
5 conflict hot-spots 6 conflict hot spots
100 garbage containers 119 garbage containers + more
100 compost bins 100 compost bins + more
Monitoring of garbage containers
and compost bins
Ongoing
Illegal rubish dumps
detection/removal
Ongoing
Work with local communities Ongoing
Protection of human property
• Goal of the project: to help livestock breeders, beekeepers and
other landowners protect their property
• Two approaches:
– Electric fencing
– Livestock guarding dogs
• Distribution focus:
- areas with high densities of damages
- based on the Analysis of occurrence of human-bear conflicts in Slovenia
- Alpine area
• Sheep herds – pastures protected: 17
– High electric nettings (170 cm)
– Perimeter: 300-450 m
Project result:
• 14 stationary beehives
• 19 mobile beehives = 50 farmers equipped with electric fences
• 17 pastures
Protection of human property – electric fences
• Stationary beehives protected: 14
Protection of human property – electric fences
- 6 lines of metallic wire
- Bottom line 10-15 cm from the ground (prevents digging under the fence)
- Fixed posts
• Mobile beehives protected: 19
– High electric nettings (170 cm)
– Easy to set up around a truck or trailer
Protection of human property – electric fences
5 „intervention kits“ at SFS regional offices - available for
immediate help - to protect proterty when damages occur frequently
in a short period of time
Protection of human property – electric fences
AVG. DAMAGES / YEAR SUM OF DAMAGES AVG. DAMAGES / YEAR SUM OF DAMAGES
Breeder 1 2011 1.984 5.952 0 0
Breeder 2 2012 5.806 17.417 0 0
Breeder 3 2012 6.531 19.592 0 0
Breeder 4 2011 4.596 13.789 0 0
Breeder 5 2011 7.990 23.970 133 796
Breeder 6 2012 4.119 12.358 0 0
Breeder 7 2011 1.857 5.571 0 0
Breeder 8 2012 1.412 4.237 0 0
Breeder 9 2011 84.032 252.095 2.506 15.033
Breeder 10 2012 0 0
SUM 118.326 € 354.981 € 2.639 € 15.829 €
RECEIVERYEAR OF
DONATION
3 YEARS BEFORE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH EL.
FENCES
AFTER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH EL.
FENCES
- SloWolf project (2010-2013)
Protection of human property – electric fences
AFTER DONATION
AVG damage /
year
SUM of
damagesSUM of damages
1 sheep 2015 0 0 0
2 sheep 2015 597 1792 433
3 sheep 2015 0 0 0
4 sheep 2015 477 1431 170
5 sheep 2015 1465 4395 182
6 sheep 2015 0 0 0
1 stat. beehive 2015 0 0 0
2 stat. beehive 2015 0 0 0
3 mob. Beehive 2015 79 238 0
4 stat. beehive 2015 121 362 0
5 stat. beehive 2015 0 0 0
6 mob. beehive 2015 54 161 0
7 mob. beehive 2015 40 120 0
8 mob. beehive 2015 371 1114 0
9 mob. beehive 2015 0 0 0
10 mob. beehive 2015 226 679 0
11 stat. beehive 2015 1843 5528 0
7 sheep 2016 0 0 0
8 sheep 2016 0 0 0
9 sheep 2016 1039 3117 0
10 sheep 2016 61 182 0
11 sheep 2016 0 0 0
12 sheep 2016 100 300 0
12 stat. beehive 2016 3272 9817 0
13 mob. Beehive 2016 191 573 0
14 stat. beehive 2016 107 322 0
15 mob. Beehive 2016 153 459 0
16 mob. Beehive 2016 6784 20353 0
17 stat. beehive 2016 133 400 0
18 stat. beehive 2016 40 120 0
19 mob. Beehive 2016 193 580 0
20 stat. beehive 2016 120 360 0
21 mob. Beehive 2016 227 682 0
22 mob. Beehive 2016 329 987 0
23 mob. Beehive 2016 468 1405 0
SUM 18.490 € 55.477 € 785 €
3 YEARS BEFORE DONATION
RECEIVER PROTECTED PROPERTY YEAR OF DONATION
DONATED KITS (2015-2017)
Project LIFE DINALP BEAR 50
- sheep breeders 17
- beekeepers 33
Protection of human property – electric fences
AFTER THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF
HIGH EL. FENCES
AVG. DAMAGES / YEAR SUM OF DAMAGES SUM OF DAMAGES
Breeder 1 2015 6.511 19.532 0
Breeder 2 2015 0 0 0
Breeder 3 2015 1.104 3.313 0
Breeder 4 2015 3.047 9.141 0
Breeder 5 2015 6.374 19.123 961
Breeder 6 2015 7.120 21.359 9.999
Breeder 7 2016 484 1.453 0
Breeder 8 2016 1.684 5.051 0
SUM 26.323 € 78.972 € 10.960 €
RECEIVERYEAR OF
DONATION
3 YEARS BEFORE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH EL.
FENCES
- Slovenian Environment Agency – co-financing 80% of purchase to farmers, beekeepers who experienced damages
KITS CO-FINANCED (2015-2017)
Slovenian Environment Agency 18
- sheep breeders 15
- beekeepers 3
Protection of human property – electric fences
Protection measures are effective, if used correctly
– Regular field-controls: 2 per year
– Checking the voltage, maintenance and the set-up of fences
– If the equipment is not used properly – contacts with owner
Protection of human property – electric fences
Controlling the efficiency of implemented measures
• automatic cameras
Protection of human property – electric fences
SFS damage officials instructed for controlling the use of equipment on
the field
Protection of human property – electric fences
• The most common irregularities
– Lack of electric current
– Low voltage (less than 5 kV)
– Poor grounding system
– Bad maintenance
– Small fence perimeter
– Irregular fence set-up
– Some animals left outside the fence
Common „mistakes“ in using electric fences
Handbook:
Protecting sheep from large
carnivores
Livestock guarding dogs
– 5 working lines established and contracts signed
• 4 breeds:
– Caucasian shepherd -- Tornjak (2 breeders)
– Karst Shepherd -- Sarplaninac (Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog)
Livestock guarding dogs
• The goal: to distribute 20 pups from established working lines to interested
livestock breeders
• December 2016 - first project litter (Tornjak breed)
• 8 pups distributed / subsidized to new owners as future guarding dogs for
livestock
Their first steps in a new environment
Breeders of working lines check young
dogs‘ behaviour (visits and regular
contacts with new owners)
Regular visits (LGD breeders + dog experts)
• New litters expected in late Autumn/Winter 2017
Checking their
integration into
the sheep herd
Damages caused by brown bears in Slovenia N
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Year
Number of damage cases Estimated value of damages