Transcript
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.KDLURQL]DP��0�=��DQG�1RUPD�5DVKLG��<�Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur

9.1 Introduction0XGVNLSSHUV��RQH�RI�WKH�ÀVKHV�WKDW�DUH�UHVWULFWHG�WR�WKH�FRDVWDO�DQG�HVWXDULQH�KDELWDWV�LQ�WKH�2OG�:RUOG��DUH�PHPEHUV�RI�WKH�*RELLG�VXEIDPLO\�2[XGHUFLQDH��7KH�VXEIDPLO\�FRPSULVHV�PRUH�WKDQ�������VSHFLHV��0XUG\���������1RW�RQO\�FDQ�WKH\�VXUYLYH�RXW�RI�ZDWHU��EXW�DUH�DOVR�DEOH�WR�FOLPE�WUHHV�ZKLOH�PDLQWDLQLQJ�WKHLU�DELOLW\�WR�VZLP�OLNH�RWKHU�ÀVKHV��7KH\�DUH�UHVWULFWHG�WR�WKH�VRIW�PXG�ERWWRP�VKRUHV�LQ�LQWHUWLGDO�DUHDV��HVWXDULQH�KDELWDWV�DQG�PDQJURYH�VZDPSV�RI�WKH�,QGR�3DFLÀF�UHJLRQ��*RUGRQ�et al���������&OD\WRQ���������0XUG\��������UHSRUWHG�WKH�SUHVHQFH�RI����JHQHUD�LQFOXGLQJ����VSHFLHV�ZRUOGZLGH��7KRVH�FRQÀQHG�WR�WKH�FRDVWDO�DUHDV�RI�WKH�ZHVW�FRDVW�RI�3HQLQVXODU�0DOD\VLD�ZHUH���VSHFLHV�IURP���JHQHUD�

7KH� LQWHUWLGDO�]RQHV�RQ� WKH� FRDVW�RI�3HQLQVXODU�0DOD\VLD� FRQVLVW�RI�PDQJURYHV��HVWXDULQH�DQG�PXGÁDW�KDELWDWV�ZKLFK�KRVW�D�GLYHUVH�PDULQH�IDXQD��.XDOD�6HODQJRU�RQ�WKH�6HODQJRU�FRDVW�KDV�H[WHQVLYH�PDQJURYHV��6HYHUDO�DVSHFWV�RI�WKH�PDQJURYH�IDXQDO�HFRORJ\�KDYH�EHHQ�UHYLHZHG�E\�0DFQDH���������%HUU\���������6DVHNXPDU��������DQG�6DVHNXPDU�et al�� ��������0DK� ������� VWXGLHG� WKH�EHKDYLRXU�ZKLOH�RWKHUV� �)DULGDK�+DQLP��������0XKDPPDG�$OL��������+DP]DK��������VWXGLHG�PDQ\�DVSHFWV�RI�PXGVNLSSHU�HFRORJ\�

7KH�REMHFWLYHV�RI�WKLV�SDSHU�DUH�WR�UHYLHZ�WKH�VSHFLHV�ULFKQHVV��GLVWULEXWLRQ�DQG�RFFXUUHQFH�RI�PXGVNLSSHUV�LQ�WKH�YDULRXV�KDELWDWV�RI�WKH�6HODQJRU�FRDVW��

9.2 The study area7KH�VWXG\�ZDV�FDUULHG�RXW� LQ� WKH�FRDVWDO�DUHDV�RI�0RULE� �����·1��������·(���6HPHQWD�����·1��������·(���-HUDP������·1��������·(���.DPSXQJ�.XDQWDQ������·1��������·(���DQG�.XDOD�6HODQJRU������·1��������·(��LQ�6HODQJRU��RQ�WKH�ZHVW�FRDVW�RI�3HQLQVXODU�0DOD\VLD�

0RULE�DQG� -HUDP�KDYH�H[WHQVLYH�PXGÁDWV�RQ� WKH� IRUHVKRUH�RI� WKH�PDQJURYHV��6DPSOHV�ZHUH�FROOHFWHG�IURP�PXGÁDWV��ULYHU�EDQNV�DQG�IRUHVWHG�DUHDV��IURP�VHDZDUG�IRUHVKRUH� WR� WKH� HURGHG�EDQNV���+HUH�� � � WKH�PDQJURYH� IRUHVWV�ZHUH�GRPLQDWHG�E\�Avicennia alba, Sonneratia alba and Rhizophora mucronata��7KH�PDQJURYH�IRUHVW�KHUH�FDQ�EH�GLYLGHG�LQWR�IRXU�]RQHV�1 Avicennia alba�]RQH�� `��PDQJURYH2 Avicennia alba and Sonneratia alba�PL[HG�IRUHVW�]RQH�� `�SLRQHHU�VKRUH��3 Sonneratia alba�]RQH��� `��ORFDWHG�DW�WKH� Rhizophora mucronata�]RQH�� `�HURGHG�EDQN�DUHDV��

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9.3 Materials and methods7KLV�VWXG\�DQG�RWKHU�VWXGLHV�UHSRUWHG�KHUH�ZHUH�FDUULHG�RXW�IURP�6HSWHPEHU������XQWLO�$XJXVW�������4XDGUDWHV�PHDVXULQJ����P2�ZHUH�HUHFWHG�LQ�YDULRXV�ORFDWLRQV�WR�VDPSOH�GLYHUVH�KDELWDWV��WKH�VL]HV�ZHUH�DOWHUHG�DFFRUGLQJ�WR�VWXG\�ORFDOLW\����[���P2�LQ�PDQJURYH�IRUHVW�ÁRRU�DQG�PXGÁDW��DQG���[���RU���[����P2�RQ�ULYHU�EDQNV���2WKHU�PHWKRGV�IRU�FROOHFWLQJ�PXGVNLSSHUV�ZHUH�E\�XVLQJ�KDQG�RU�VFRRS�QHWV��FDVW�QHWV��GLJJLQJ�EXUURZV�DQG�SXUFKDVLQJ�IURP�ÀVKHUPHQ·V�WUDZO�FDWFK�

7KH�ÀVKHV�ZHUH�LGHQWLÀHG�XVLQJ�WKH�NH\V�RI�.RXPDQV���������.RWWHODW�et al.���������0XUG\��������DQG�0XUG\�DQG�7DNLWD���������:H�IROORZHG�0XUG\��������IRU�QRPHQFODWXUH��)LVKHV�ZHUH�NLOOHG�ZLWK�����IRUPDOLQ��7KH�IUHVKO\�NLOOHG�VDPSOHV�ZHUH�ZDVKHG�ZLWK�ZDWHU�DQG�GULHG�ZLWK�D�SLHFH�RI�FORWK��7KH�FRORXU�RI�HDFK�VSHFLPHQ�ZDV�UHFRUGHG�

9.4 Results6SHFLHV�ULFKQHVV�DQG�VSDWLDO�GLVWULEXWLRQ�RI�PXGVNLSSHUV7KLUWHHQ�VSHFLHV�IURP���JHQHUD�ZHUH�IRXQG�LQ�WKH�VWXG\�DUHDV��7DEOH�����7KH�GLVWULEXWLRQ�RI�PXGVNLSSHU�VSHFLHV�UHYHDOHG�GLVWLQFW�SUHIHUHQFHV�IRU�FHUWDLQ�KDELWDWV�

Periophthalmus chrysospilos Bleeker7\SLFDOO\��Ps. chrysospilos��)LJ�����KDV�PDUNHG�RUDQJH�VSRWV�RQ�RSHUFOHV�DQG�ÁDQNV��'��ÀQ�EULJKW�RUDQJH��GXVN\�VWULSHV�RQ�'��ÀQ�DQG�ZLWK�D�GLVWLQFW��URXQG�GLVN�SHOYLF�ÀQ��Ps.

chrysospilos�LV�WKH�RQO\�VSHFLHV�WKDW�FRXOG�EH�IRXQG�LQ�DOO�ORFDOLWLHV�RI�WKH�VWXG\�DUHDV��7KLV�VSHFLHV�ZDV�IRXQG�LQ�KLJK�GHQVLWLHV�MXVW�VKRUHZDUG�WR�WKH�ORZ�WLGH�OLQH��,W�LV�GRPLQDQW�RQ�WKH�PXGÁDWV�DQG�ULYHU�EDQNV�LQ�PRVW�VWXG\�VLWHV��7KH\�DUH�IRXQG�LQ�WKH�PDQJURYH�IRUHVW�ÁRRU�QHDUE\�WKH�HURGHG�EDQNV��EXW�QRW�IRXQG�ZLWKLQ�PDQJURYH�IRUHVWV�LQ�6HPHQWD�DQG�.XDOD�6HODQJRU��7KXV�WKH�VWXG\�VKRZHG�Ps. chrysospilos�ZDV�GRPLQDQW�LQ�SLRQHHU�PDQJURYH�]RQHV�RI�Avicennia alba�DQG�PL[HG�IRUHVW�]RQHV�RI�Avicennia alba and Sonneratia

alba��+RZHYHU��LW�RFFXUUHG�LQ�ORZ�DEXQGDQFH�RQ�WKH�HURGLQJ�EDQNV�

Periophthalmus spilotus 0XUG\�DQG�7DNLWD7KLV�LV�D�QHZ�VSHFLHV�GHVFULEHG�E\�0XUG\�DQG�7DNLWD���������7KLV�VSHFLHV�LV�VLPLODU�WR�DQG�SUREDEO\�PRVW�UHODWHG�WR�Ps. chrysospilos��)LJ������,W�KDV�PDUNHG�DQG�QXPHURXV�VPDOO�

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Table 1��7KH�GLVWULEXWLRQ�RI�PXGVNLSSHU�VSHFLHV�LQ�WKH�PDQJURYH�IRUHVW�ÁRRU��ULYHU�EDQNV�DQG�PXGÁDWV�RQ�WKH�6HODQJRU�FRDVW�

No. Species Mangrove Forest Floor � � 0DQJURYH� (URGHG�� 7UXH�� 5LYHU�%DQNV� 0XGÁDWV� � 3LRQHHU� %DQN� 0DQJURYH 1. Periophthalmus chrysospilos �� �� �� �� �2. Periophthalmus novemradiatus �� �� �� �� �3. Periophthalmus gracilis �� �� �� �� ���� Periophthalmus argentilineatus �� �� �� �� ���� Periophthalmus spilotus �� �� �� �� ���� Periophthalmus walailakae �� �� �� �� ���� Periophthalmodon schlosseri �� �� �� �� �8. Periophthalmodon septemradiatus �� �� �� �� ���� Boleophthalmus boddarti �� �� �� �� ����� Pseudapocryptes elongatus �� �� �� �� �11. Parapocryptes serperaster �� �� �� �� �12. Scartelaos histophorus �� �� �� �� �13. 2[XGHUFHV�GHQWDWXV� �� �� �� �� �

��� �VSHFLHV�SUHVHQW����� �QRW�IRXQG�

ZKLWLVK�EOXH�VSRWV�RQ�WKH�ÁDQNV�DQG�RSHUFOHV��'��ÀQ�LV�UHGGLVK�EURZQ��'��ZLWK�VLQJOH�GXVN\�VWULSH��D�UHGGLVK�VSRW�RQ�SHFWRUDO�ÀQV��DQG�IUHQXP�RI�SHOYLF�ÀQV�DUH�SURPLQHQW�DQG�IXVHG�ZLWK�WKH�SHOYLF�ÀQV�LQWR�D�URXQG�GLVN��7KLV�VSHFLHV�ZDV�IRXQG�WR�EH�DEXQGDQW�LQ�WKH�KLJK�VKRUH�PDQJURYH�IRUHVWV�LQ�6HPHQWD�

Fig. 1. Periophthalmus chrysospilos Bleeker.

Fig. 2. Periophthalmus spilotus�0XUG\�DQG�7DNLWD�

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Periophthalmus walailakae 'DUXPDV�DQG�7DQWLFKRGRN7KLV�LV�DOVR�D�QHZ�VSHFLHV��)LJ�����GHVFULEHG�E\�'DUXPDV�DQG�7DQWLFKRGRN���������7KH�VSHFLHV�LV�FKDUDFWHULVHG�E\�D�VLQJOH�URZ�RI�WHHWK�LQ�XSSHU�MDZ�DQG�VWURQJ�IUHQXP�WKDW�IXVHV�ZLWK�WKH�SHOYLF�ÀQ��IRUPLQJ�D�URXQG�GLVN��7KH�FRORXUDWLRQ�RI�KHDG�DQG�ÁDQNV�LV�JUHHQLVK�EURZQ��ZKLWH�VSRWV�DUH�REYLRXVO\�VHHQ�VFDWWHUHG�RQ�ÁDQNV��SHFWRUDO�ÀQV�DQG�RSHUFOHV��'��UHGGLVK�EURZQ��'��ZLWK�VLQJOH�GXVN\�VWULSH��SHFWRUDO�DQG�FDXGDO�ÀQ�VSLQHV�DUH�GXVN\�DQG�SHOYLF�ÀQV�WRWDOO\�IXVHG��IRUPLQJ�D�URXQG�GLVN��7KLV�VSHFLHV�OLYHV�V\PSDWULFDOO\�ZLWK�Ps. novemradiatus and Ps. gracilis�LQ�WKH�PL[HG�IRUHVW�RI�Sonneratia alba and Rhizophora mucronata�LQ�0RULE��7ZR�ELJ�VSHFLPHQV��!�����PP�6/��ZHUH�FDXJKW�LQ�WKH�XSSHU�VKRUH�PDQJURYHV�LQ�6HPHQWD��7KH�FRPPRQ�PXGVNLSSHUV�LQ�WKH�KDELWDW�ZHUH�Ps. novemradiatus, Ps. gracilis, Ps. spilotus, Pn schlosseri and B. boddarti.

Fig. 3. Periophthalmus walailakae�'DUXPDV�DQG�7DQWLFKRGRN�

Fig. 4. Periophthalmus gracilis Eggert.

Periophthalmus gracilis Eggert0RUSKRORJLFDOO\��Ps. gracilis� �)LJ�� ��� LV�GHWHUPLQHG�E\� WKH� DEVHQFH� RI� IUHQXP�� WKH�SHOYLF�ÀQV�DUH�HQWLUHO\�VHSDUDWHG�DQG�WKH�ÀUVW�GRUVDO�ÀQ�LV�UHODWLYHO\�VKRUW��FRQYH[�DQG�URXQGHG�ZLWK�QR�HORQJDWHG�VSLQH��'RUVDO�ÀQV�DUH�QRW�FRQQHFWHG��'��VKRUW��JUH\�ZLWK�EODFN�VSRWV�DQG�EODFN�VWULSH�WKDW�HQG�LQWR�D�ODUJH�EODFN�VSRW��'��HOHPHQWV�JUH\�ZLWK�D�VLQJOH�EODFN�SDOH�VWULSH��3HFWRUDO�DQG�FDXGDO�ÀQV�KDYH�HOHPHQWV�RI�JUH\LVK�EURZQ��$QDO�ÀQ�HOHPHQWV�DUH�VKRUW�DQG�GXVN\�\HOORZ��'RUVDO�EORWFKHV�JUH\�EXW�QRW�YHU\�REYLRXV��7KH�EODFN�VSRW�DQG�WKH�YHUWLFDO�ZKLWLVK�EOXH�VWULSH��FRPSRVHG�RI�VPDOO�VSRWV�ZHUH�XVHG�WR�GLIIHUHQWLDWH�WKH�Ps. gracilis IURP�Ps. novemradiatus. Ps. gracilis�LV�UHVWULFWHG�WR�PRUH�LQODQG�PDQJURYH�IRUHVWV�

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Fig. 5. Periophthalmus novemradiatus��+DPLOWRQ��

Periophthalmus novemradiatus��+DPLOWRQ�Ps. novemradiatus��)LJ�����LV�FKDUDFWHULVHG�E\�WKH�GLVWLQFW�VHSDUDWLRQ�RI�SHOYLF�ÀQV�DQG�WKH�H[LVWHQFH�RI�D�VPDOO�SHOYLF�IUHQXP��ZKLFK�LV�YLVLEOH�ZLWKRXW�PDJQLÀFDWLRQ��'��KHLJKW�PRGHUDWH��JUH\�ZLWK�UHGGLVK�FRORXUDWLRQ�RQ�WLSV�RI�VSLQHV��SDOH�PDUJLQ�DQG�D�VLQJOH�EODFN�VWULSH�RQ�HOHPHQWV�DQG�VRPH�EODFN�VSRWV�LQ�WKH�SRVWHULRU��'��JUH\�ZLWK�EODFN�SDOH�VWULSH�DQG�VRPH�UHGGLVK�VSRWV��%RWK�'��DQG�'��DUH�QRW�FRQQHFWHG��&DXGDO�DQG�SHFWRUDO�ÀQ�HOHPHQWV�DUH� UHGGLVK�EURZQ�ZLWK�EURZQ�VSRWV��$QDO�ÀQ�HOHPHQWV�DUH� VKRUW�DQG�WUDQVSDUHQW�LQ�FRORXU��7KLV�VSHFLHV�LV�GRPLQDQW�DQG�ZLGHO\�GLVWULEXWHG�LQ�WKH�PDQJURYH�IRUHVW�ÁRRU��7KHLU�FDUQLYRURXV�QDWXUH��IHHGLQJ�PDLQO\�RQ�LQVHFWV�DQG�FUXVWDFHDQV��OHDG�WKHP�WR�IRUDJH�DZD\�IURP�WKHLU�UHVWULFWHG�KDELWDWV�DQG�LQWR�DTXDFXOWXUH�VKULPS�SRQGV�

Periophthalmus argentilineatus�9DOHQFLHQQHV7KLV�VSHFLHV�ZDV�IRXQG�E\�6ZHQQHQ�et al����������LQ�WKH�IRUHVW�ÁRRU�QHDU�WKH�VWUHDPV�DQG�HVWXDU\�RI�3DWWDQL��7KDLODQG��,Q�WKLV�VWXG\��Ps. argentilineatus��)LJ�����ZDV�IRXQG�LQ�the Sonneratia alba and Rhizophora mucronata�]RQHV�RI�0RULE��ZKHUH�WKH�VXEVWUDWHV�ZHUH�VDQG\�PXG��7KH�PXGVNLSSHUV�ZHUH�IRXQG�FOLQJLQJ�RQWR�WKH�PDQJURYH�VWHPV��7KH\�FDQ�EH�GLVWLQJXLVKHG�E\�WKH�UHG�PDUNLQJV�ZLWK�D�ZLGH�EODFN�VWULSH�DQG�VPDOO�ZKLWH�VSRWV�RQ�'��'��PDUJLQ�UHG�ZLWK�D�ZLGH�EODFN�VWULSH�DQG�ODFN�VSRW��VPDOO�ZKLWLVK�EOXH�VSRWV�RQ�RSHUFOH��SHOYLF�ÀQV�ZHUH�WRWDOO\�VHSDUDWHG�DQG�QR�SHOYLF�IUHQXP�ZDV�REVHUYHG��7KH�VSHFLHV�ZDV�GLVWLQJXLVKHG� IURP�Ps. gracilis� E\� WKH� FRORXUDWLRQ�RI�'��ÀQ� �Ps. gracilis KDYLQJ�'��VKRUW��JUH\�ZLWK�EODFN�VSRWV��DQG�IURP�Ps. novemradiatus�E\�WKH�DEVHQFH�RI�SHOYLF�IUHQXP��SHOYLF�IUHQXP�LQ�Ps. novemradiatus�LV�SURPLQHQW��

Fig. 6. Periophthalmus argentilineatus�9DOHQFLHQQHV��6/�����PP�

Periophthalmodon schlosseri��3DOODV�0XUG\��������UHIHUUHG�WR�WKLV�ÀVK�DV�WKH�ORUG�RI�WKH�PXGÁDW�LQ�YLHZ�RI�LWV�ELJ�VL]H�DQG�ZLGH�GLVWULEXWLRQ�RQ�PXGÁDWV��Pn. schlosseri��)LJ�����ZDV�GLVWLQJXLVKHG�E\�LWV�ODUJH�VL]H�

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�6/������������PP�OHQJWK�RI�DGXOW��DQG�ZDV�FOHDUO\�GRPLQDQW�LQ�WKH�PXGÁDW��ULYHULQH�DQG�PDQJURYH�IRUHVW�ÁRRU��8VXDOO\��MXYHQLOHV��6/�����������PP�OHQJWK��ZHUH�IRXQG�LQ�WKH�PDQJURYH�IRUHVW�ÁRRU��OLYLQJ�V\PSDWULFDOO\�ZLWK�Ps. novemradiatus, Ps. gracilis, Ps.

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Fig. 7. Periophthalmodon schlosseri��3DOODV��

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Fig. 8. Periophthalmodon septemradiatus��+DPLOWRQ���6/�����PP�

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Fig. 13. Parapocryptes serperaster��5LFKDUGVRQ���6/������PP�

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novemradiatus, Ps. gracilis, Ps. spilotus, Ps. argentilineatus, Ps. walailakae, B. boddarti, and Pn. schlosseri.

7KH�GLVWULEXWLRQ�ZDV�DOVR�GLIIHUHQW�ZLWKLQ�WKH�IRUHVW�]RQHV��,Q�WKH�Avicennia alba and LQ�WKH�PL[HG�IRUHVW�RI�Avicennia alba and Sonneratia alba�]RQHV�LQ�0RULE�DQG�-HUDP�ZKHUH�WKH�VXEVWUDWHV�ZHUH�VDQG�PXG��RQO\�Ps. chrysospilos�ZDV�IRXQG�GXULQJ�WKH�ORZ�WLGH��,Q�WKH�]RQHV�RI�Sonneratia alba and Rhizophora mucronata��KLJK�QXPEHUV�RI�Ps. novemradiatus and Ps. gracilis�ZLWK�VPDOO�QXPEHUV�RI��Ps. chrysospilos, Ps. argentilineatus, Ps. walailakae, B. boddarti and Pn. schlosseri�ZHUH�IRXQG��Ps. novemradiatus, Ps. gracilis, Pn. schlosseri and B. boddarti�ZHUH�FRPPRQO\�IRXQG�RQ�WKH�PDQJURYH�IRUHVW�ÁRRU�LQ�6HPHQWD�DQG�.XDOD�6HODQJRU��Ps. spilotus and Ps. walailakae�ZHUH�QRW�FRPPRQ�

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B. pectinirostris, B. dussumieri and Pss. borneensis�DOWKRXJK�WKHVH�ZHUH�UHSRUWHG�E\�RWKHU�DXWKRUV�IURP�ORFDOLWLHV�RXWVLGH�WKH�SUHVHQW�VWXG\�DUHDV�LQ�3HQLQVXODU�0DOD\VLD��7DEOH�����Ps. malaccencis�ZDV�GLVFRYHUHG�LQ�.XDOD�/DQJDW�E\�.RXPDQV��������DQG�B. pectinirostris ZDV� UHSRUWHG� WR� H[LVW� LQ�3HQDQJ�DFFRUGLQJ� WR� WKH�ROG� UHFRUGV�RI�&DQWRU� ������� DQG�.RXPDQV� ��������$OWKRXJK�Pss. borneensis�ZDV� UHSRUWHG� IURP�3HQDQJ�DQG�6DUDZDN�E\�.RXPDQV���������0XUG\��������RQO\�UHGLVFRYHUHG�WKLV�VSHFLHV�LQ�6DUDZDN��$�PRUH�UHFHQW�ZRUN�E\�7DNLWD�et al���������FDUULHG�RXW�LQ�.DPSXQJ�6XQJDL�<X��.XDOD�6HODQJRU�added B. dussumieri to the list.

Table 2��7KH�RFFXUUHQFH�RI�PXGVNLSSHU�VSHFLHV�LQ�WKH�FRDVWDO�KDELWDWV�RQ�WKH�6HODQJRU�FRDVW�DV�UHSRUWHG�IURP�SDVW�DQG�SUHVHQW�VWXGLHV��

1R�� 6SHFLHV� &DQWRU� .RXPDQV� %HUU\� 0XUG\� 7DNLWD�et al. Present Study (1849) (1953) (1972) (1989) (1999) (Khaironizam & Norma-Rashid)1. Ps. chrysospilos �� �� �� �� �� �2. Ps. novemradiatus �� �� �� �� �� �3. Ps. gracilis �� �� �� �� �� ���� Ps. argentilineatus �� �� �� � � �� ���� Ps. spilotus �� �� �� �� �� ���� Ps. malaccencis �� ����������������������������������� �� �� �� �� � � ��.��/DQJDW���� Ps. walailakae �� �� �� �� �� �8. Pn. schlosseri ������������������� �� �� �� �� �� � �3HQDQJ���� Pn. septemradiatus �� �� �� � � �� ����� B. boddarti ������������������ �� �� �� �� �� � �3HQDQJ�11. B. pectinirostris ���������������� ����������������������� �� � � �� �� � �3HQDQJ�� ��3HQDQJ�12. B. dussumieri �� �� �� �� �� �13. Pss. elongatus ��� ��� �� �� �� �� � �3HQDQJ�� �3HQDQJ�� ����� Pss. borneansis �� ������������������������ �� � � �� �� � � ��3HQDQJ�� ����� Pa. serperaster �� �� �� �� �� ����� S. histophorus �� �� �� �� �� �� � �3HQDQJ�� �3HQDQJ������ 2��GHQWDWXV� �� ��� �� �� �� �� � ��3HQDQJ�

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References%HUU\��$�-���������7KH�QDWXUDO�KLVWRU\�RI�:HVW�0DOD\VLDQ�PDQJURYH�IDXQDV��Malayan

Nature Journal 25����������&DQWRU��7�(���������&DWDORJXH�RI�0DOD\DQ�ÀVKHV� Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal

18(2)���������&OD\WRQ��'�$���������0XGVNLSSHUV��2FHDQRJUDSK\�DQG�0DULQH�%LRORJ\�$QQXDO�5HYLHZ 31��

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�*RELLGDH�2[XGHUFLQDH��IURP�VRXWKHUQ�7KDLODQG��Phuket Marine Biological Center

Research Bulletin. 64����������)DULGDK�+DQLP��$���������%HEHUDSD�DVSHN�HNRORJL�LNDQ�WHPEDNXO�GL�3DQWDL�0RULE��%6F��

7KHVLV��(FRORJ\���'HSDUWPHQW�RI�=RRORJ\��8QLYHUVLW\�RI�0DOD\D��.XDOD�/XPSXU����SS�

*RUGRQ��0�6���%RHWLXV��-���(YDQV��'�+��DQG�2JOHVE\��/�&���������$GGLWLRQDO�REVHUYDWLRQV�RQ�WKH�1DWXUDO�+LVWRU\�RI�WKH�PXGVNLSSHU��Periophthalmus sobrinus. &RSLHD���������������

+DP]DK��0���������.HODNXDQ�Periophthalmus chrysospilos�GL�KXWDQ�EDNDX��%6F��7KHVLV��(FRORJ\���'HSDUWPHQW�RI�=RRORJ\��8QLYHUVLW\�RI�0DOD\D��.XDOD�/XPSXU����SS�

+RUD��6�/���������(FRORJ\�DQG�ELRQRPLFV�RI�WKH�JRELRLG�ÀVKHV�RI�WKH�*DQJHWLF�'HOWD��International Congress of Zoology 12����������

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