MAKING MOBILE SERVICESWORK FOR YOUR LIBRARY
Cody HansonUniversity of MN LibrariesALA TechsourceMarch 9, 2011
Web Architect and User Experience Analyst at the University of Minnesota
Libraries
@codyhcodyhanson.com
AGENDA
• Why mobile, why now? (I hope you like charts)
• What do we mean by mobile?
• The mobile marketplace
• Simple strategies
• How mobile will change libraries
WHY MOBILE?WHY NOW?
“Mobile devices are one year away from transforming education.For the third straight year.”
ALMOST EVERY U.S. ADULT HAS A MOBILE PHONE
ALMOST EVERY U.S. ADULT(WHO IS GOING TO HAVE A MOBILE PHONE)
HAS A MOBILE PHONE
82%
18%
U.S. adults who have a cell phone
Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Less than High School HS Diploma Some College College+
90%86%76%72%
Perc
ent
who
hav
e a
cell
phon
e
U.S. adults by education level
Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.
Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Less than $30,000 $30K-50K $50K-75K $75K and up
93%90%82%
71%
Perc
ent
who
hav
e a
cell
phon
e
U.S. adults by household income
Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Hispanic (English-speaking)
87%87%80%
Perc
ent
who
hav
e a
cell
phon
e
U.S. adults by race/ethnicity
Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Cell Phones and American Adults”.
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
18-29 30-49 50-64 65+
57%
82%88%90%
Perc
ent
who
hav
e a
cell
phon
e
U.S. adults by age
MANY AMERICANS ALREADY HAVE SMARTPHONES
Source: FCC
0%
13%
25%
38%
50%
10/06 1/07 4/07 7/07 10/07 1/08 3/08 6/08 9/08 12/08 3/09 6/09 9/09 12/09
15% 16% 17%
20% 21% 22% 23%
27%
32% 32%34%
37%39%
42%
Percentage of U.S. Consumers Who Own a Smartphone
Source: asymco.com
Source: FCC
13%
87%
Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011
Smartphones represented 13% of handsets globally in
2010
SMARTPHONE SALES HAVE ALREADY SURPASSED
PC SALES
Q4 2010
Smartphone manufacturers shipped 100.9 million units.
PC manufacturers shipped92.1 million units.
Source: IDC Worldwide Quarterly Mobile Phone Tracker, January 27, 2011.
USAGE OF MOBILE DATA SERVICES IS EXPLODING
Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011
2009Mobile Data
Traffic
Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011
2009Mobile Data
Traffic
2010 Mobile Data Traffic
2009Mobile Data
Traffic
2010 Mobile Data Traffic
2000The Internet
Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011
13%
87%
Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011
Smartphones represented 13% of handsets globally in
2010
78%
22%
Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011
Smartphones accounted for 78%
of mobile data traffic in 2010
0
20
40
60
80
Feature phones Smartphones
Dat
a us
age
per
mon
th, in
MB
2009 2010
Data source: Cisco Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update. Feb. 1, 2011
More than 2x increase in data use across phone types
USERS IN KEY DEMOGRAPHICS ALREADY
RELY HEAVILY ON THEMOBILE INTERNET
Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
18-29 30-49 50-64 65+
20%
49%
69%
84%
17%
44%
61%
73%
Perc
ent
who
use
wire
less
inte
rnet
U.S. adults by age group
April 2009 May 2010
Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Less than $30,000 $30K-50K $50K-75K $75K and up
80%
67%
55%46%
72%63%
53%
35%
Perc
ent
who
use
wire
less
inte
rnet
U.S. adults by household income
April 2009 May 2010
Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Hispanic (English-speaking)
16%18%10%
10%10%22%37%36%
25%
Perc
ent
who
are
wire
less
inte
rnet
use
rs
U.S. adults by race/ethnicity
Laptop & cell Laptop only Cell only
Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Hispanic (English-speaking)
53%54%
35%
Perc
enta
ge w
ho a
re c
ell i
nter
net
user
s
U.S. adults by race/ethnicity
Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
18-29 30-49 50-64 65+
5%
9%
13%
19%
9%
23%
22%
19%
6%
17%
35%
45%
Perc
ent
who
are
wire
less
inte
rnet
use
rs
U.S. adults by race/ethnicity
Laptop & cell Laptop only Cell only
Data source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, “Mobile Access 2010”.
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
18-29 30-49 50-64 65+
11%
26%
48%
64%
Perc
ent
who
are
cel
l int
erne
t us
ers
U.S. adults by race/ethnicity
“Within five years, we want to make it possible for businesses to put high-speed wireless services in reach of virtually every American.”
- President ObamaFeb. 10, 2011
WTF!
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY “MOBILE”?
Call me on my mobile.
Daughter :
Mother:
Daughter :
Mother:
What’s a camera?
A thing that takes pictures.
Oh, you mean a camera phone.
No, just a camera.All it does is take pictures.
Daughter :
Mother:
Daughter :
But how do you call people?
...On the phone.Phones used to do nothing but make phone calls.Cameras were separate.
But that was a long time ago.
Mother:
Daughter :
Yes. Those are old-school!
That school must've fallen down a few days ago, Mom. It's a VERY old school.
WHY TODAY’S DEVICESARE DIFFERENT
High-resolution screens
Powerful cameras
GPS and location services
Dramatic improvements in battery life
©2010 George Kokkinidis
Flexible form factor
©2010 George Kokkinidis
©2010 George Kokkinidis
©2010 George Kokkinidis
©2010 George Kokkinidis
Software
THE MOBILE MARKETPLACE
Source: asymco.com
MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEMS
• iOS
• Android
• BlackBerry OS
• WebOS
• Windows Phone 7
WebOS
• Developed by Palm
• Palm purchased by HP
• Proprietary OS
• Available only on Palm/HPhardware
• Sold to carriers
• App development using Web Standards
WebOS
WindowsPhone 7
WINDOWS PHONE 7• Developed by Microsoft
• Proprietary software, browser
• Limited to phones
• Licensed to hardware manufacturers
• Devices sold by hardware manufacturersto carriers
• Development limited to Windows
BLACKBERRY OS
BLACKBERRY OS• Developed by Research In Motion
• Proprietary software available onlyon RIM hardware
• Devices sold to carriers
• Entrenched in business
• Difficult transition to current-gen browserand touchscreen
• Development limited to Windows
I need help.
• Developed by Google
• Largely open-source
• Freely available or licensed to hardware manufacturers
• Development using SDK or App Inventor
• Applications distributed through Android Market or other sources
IOS• Proprietary software and hardware developed by Apple
• iOS hardware sold to carriers and direct to consumers
• Development limited to Mac OS
• Applications distributed exclusively through App Store
IOS• 160 Million iOS devices sold
• 350,000 applications available
• 10 billion apps downloaded
• App store available in 90 countries
STRATEGIES
Become a mobile-only library user
What tasks are difficult?What takes extra time?What takes extra steps?What pieces don’t render?Which of your vendors supply mobile interfaces?
What are you able to accomplish that otherwise would have required you be at your desk?
CONVENE A MOBILE FOCUS GROUP
• Find staff members or patrons with a variety of mobile devices of recent vintage
• OR, install smartphone emulators
• Run through a set of basic tasks
• Home page load
• Contact/hours info discovery
• Catalog search
ENSURE MOBILE-FRIENDLINESS
AVOID FLY-OUTS AND FLASH
NEVER USE A PDF WHEN HTML WILL DO.
@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
CODY’S HAM-FISTED MOBILE STYLE
{ display: none;}
BUILD A MOBILE SITE
Embrace simplicity
KEEP FONTS 15PX OR LARGER
MAKE TOUCH TARGETS AT LEAST48X48PX
Mind your resolution
BUILD AN APP (OR DON’T)
APP DEVELOPMENT COSTS
1,100 hours Objective C development225 hours of designSome existing codeProject managementTestingEquipment
Twitterrific
+
$250,000 (est.)Data source: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/209170/how-much-does-it-cost-to-develop-an-iphone-application/3926493#3926493
APP DEVELOPMENT CHECKLIST
• Do we have something we can sell?
• Should we sell it?
• Does our experience require direct hardware access?
• Do we have platform-specific development expertise in-house?
• If not, are we willing to spend the resources necessary to develop that expertise or contract for it?
PUBLISHERS, PLATFORMS, AND LIBRARIES
New content
New business model
#hcod
QUESTIONS?• Ask me about:
• QR codes
• NFC
• Augmented reality
• Mobile video
• Amanda Hocking
• The mobile context
Cody [email protected]@codyh
CREDITSOpen Source Multitouch Gesture Library and Illustrations by GestureWorks, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Palm Pre open close,” “Omnia7 Windows Button”, and Xperia Play image by abulhussain, used under CC BY 2.0Kindle images by Jon 'ShakataGaNai' Davis, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Nook” by Andrew Magill, used under CC BY 2.0BlackBerry Pearl image by Abu badali, used under CC BY 2.0Apple Store image by Nick Name, used under CC BY-SA 2.0Apple device family photos by Jon Mountjoy, used under CC BY 2.0Android Robot image by Google, used under CC BY 3.0Android system diagram by Kronox, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Palm Pre” by James “whatleydude” Whatley, used under CC BY 2.0Android prototype image by Kai Hendry, used under CC BY 2.0N-Gage photo by Jpk, used under CC BY-SA 3.0“Pink PSP” by Eason Hsu, used under CC BY-SA 2.0“iPod Touch” by Niki Odolphie, used under CC BY 2.0Atrix photos by ETC@USC, used under CC BY-SA 2.0“Jon Rubenstein introduces new HP TouchPad” by Robert Scoble, used under CC BY 2.0iPad fingerprint images Copyright George Kokkindis, Design Language News
Additional photographs by Cody Hanson, used under CC BY-SA 3.0