Industrialization in England 1750- 1914
Causes Effects
Scientific Revolution Paves the way for new innovations
Previous revolutions had already occurred
Agricultural Rev.
Commercial rev.
Surplus capital, a growing economy, and a new infrastructure
Growing population creates a new work force. This leads to urbanization.
Shortage on wood for shipbuilding and heat
Stemmed new ideas
Many alternative natural resources in England
Coal, Iron
Multiple water ways in England
Provide adequate transport
Waterways in England
Coal
Iron
New Inventions
Mining Lamp
Battery massproduction
Steam engine
Crucible steel Seed drill
Crompton's mule
Cotton gin
Water frame
Spinning jenny
Products of the industrialization
Crompton’s mule
Seed drill
Spinning Jenny
Cotton Gin
Important people in innovation
• James Watt (more efficient engine)
• Eli Whitney (cotton gin)
• Benjamin Huntsmen (crucible steel)
• Jethro Tull (seed drill)
• Thomas Newcomen (workable steam engine)
• Samuel Crompton (Crompton's Mule)
• William Cruickshank (first mass produced battery)
• Sir Humphrey Davy (mining lamp)
WattWhitney
TullNewcomen
Crompton
Impacts
• Short term impact• Negative • Long hours • Low pay• Dangerous working conditions• Child labor• Abuse from bosses
• Long term impact• Positive• Changes by legislation (ch 24)• Industrial rev. led to
imperialism • B/c labor source land natural
resources• Slavery ended• Justification for dominance• Social Darwinism• White mans Burden• Formation of unions (collective
bargaining)
Collective bargaining-process of negotiation between employers and representatives of employees. Terms on working conditions were made.
Japan: Meiji Restoration (1868-1912)Tokugawa Shogunate (1603-1868)
• Tokugawa Shogunate (1603-1868) preceded
• Feudal military dictator ship
• Edo period• First ruler Tokugawa
Ieyasu• Strict class hierarchy• (def) Burakumin dealt
with taboo trades and death
Shogun
Daimyo
Samurai
peasants
Artisans, Merchants
Burakumin
Emperor
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Causes of the restoration
Under Tokugawa Under the Meiji
Taxes Re-regulated taxes
No technological advances Transportation and communication systems rapidly growing industrial system
Dislike for the current government Centralized bureaucracy,
Constitution for parliament
Class restrictions Feudal class restrictions broken, highly educated population
Tokugawa samurai lacked Western technology
Powerful army and navy (hi-tech)
Matthew Perry
• 1794-1858(years alive 64)
• 1853 arrived Japan
• Over several months a negotiation is worked out
• Treaty is madea) Peace and friendship will exist between
b) Japan and the U.S.
c) Two ports are opened: Shimoda and Hakodate
d) Help provide for wrecked American ships
e) America is allowed to buy products at designated ports
Mutsuhito
• Reign 1867-1912
• 1852-1912(60 years old)
• Abolished the feudal system
• Made treaties with America
• Capital moves from Kyoto to Edo (Tokyo)
• Supports the rise of Militarism in Japana) Domestic violence (Saga and Satsuma Rebellions)
b) The army (samurai) were turned into a caste and became professionals
Yamagata Aritomoprime minister of Japan
• In office 1st term 1889-1891
• 2nd term 1898-1900
• 1838-1922 (84 years old)
• Involved in Genrō a) Seven men lead
b) Saw as advisors to the emperor
c) Made the important decisions/ came up with new ideas
d) They dominated Japan for many years
Muhammad Ali (Egypt)
• Ruled 1805-1848• 1769-1849 (80 years old)• Modernization of Egypta) New army's and fleets
b) Egyptian students studied in European universities
c) Major export was unique type of cotton
d) Strong connections with Europe
e) Broke away from the ottoman empire
• Britain takes control of the Suez canal