NEW FOLDERGjpa /Nghy;lh;
COMPUTERAN INTERVIEW:
A Computer is an Electronic Machine, which is capable of receiving data as INPUT and PROCESS the given data by programs and gives the OUTPUT result as useful information.
It helps us to do our work with easy & makes our life easy. Computer is used to play games, write letters, do calculations, draw, etc.,
PARTS OF THE COMPUTER
• CPU - CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT• VDU (MONITOR)- VISUAL DISPLAY UNIT• KEYBOARD• MOUSE• UPS- UNINTERRUPTED POWER SUPPLY• PRINTER• SPEAKER• JOYSTICK
1. INPUT UNIT2. PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)3. OUTPUT UNIT
The computer parts can be grouped as three units:-
COMPUTER
INPUT UNIT
To get data and instruction from the user and transmit
them into computer memory.Ex- Keyboard, Mouse.
PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)
It is the heart of the computer. It consists of1. Memory Unit2. ALU (Arithmetic & Logic Unit)3. Control Unit.
OUTPUT UNIT
To get the output result from the memory and give it to the user in human readable form.Ex-Monitor, Printer, Speaker.
Arithmetic and Logic Unit
Control Unit
Auxiliary memory
Main Memory
Input Unit Output Unit
CPU
1. MEMORY UNITThis unit stores data and instructions.
2. ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit)It does all arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) and Logical operation (comparison of data).
3. CONTROL UNITIt is the supervisor of all the other unit. Main function are
Give command to transfer data from the input device to the memory and from memory to ALU.
Transfer the results from memory to the output device.
Stores the program in memory. Take instruction one by one from memory, understand and give command to other units.
MEMORY
• Primary / Main MemoryThe memory unit of a computer is called
Primary / Main Memory. Data, instructions and programs are stored in this memory in binary form. Information stored in this memory can be erased and rewritten. Information stored in main memory are directly processed by the computer at a very great speed. It is volatile memory. The memory capacity is limited.
• Secondary MemoryThe primary memory of a computer is limited and
also volatile. So, we need secondary memories like floppy disk or hard disk. We can store large amount of information in secondary memory. Information stored in this memory are permanent. They can be got back any time.
Units of Measurements of Memory
BitBit means Binary digIT. It is either the digit 0 (OFF state) or the digit 1 (ON state). Data and instruction are stored in memory as a combination of 0’s and 1’s.
0,1 - Each one bit8 bits - 1 Byte1024 Bytes - 1 Kilo Byte (KB)1024 KB - 1 Mega Byte (MB)1024 MB - 1 Giga Byte (GB)
Various Semi-Conductor Memories
• RAMRAM means Random Access Memory. It is also known as read and write memory. Information stored in this memory can be erased and rewritten. It is a volatile memory. This memory lost when power goes off.
• ROMROM means Read Only Memory. It is
non-volatile memory. Information stored in this memory are not lost when the power goes off. Writing into ROM is done only once.
OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)
DEFINITION
Operating system is a collection of programs which controls the activities of the computer. It is stored in the Hard Disk / Floppy Disk. It is loaded into the memory when the power is switch ON. Without operating system, no can do any work on the computer.
Examples- DOS, WINDOWS, LINUX, UNIX.
windows,
WINDOWS
Windows is an operating system. It is useful for maintaining and managing user files. Today most of the softwares are developed for windows operating system.
The various versions of windows are
Windows 3.1
Windows 95
Windows 98
Windows ME (Millennium Edition)
Windows XP (Experience)
Windows Vista
DESKTOP
TASKBAR
ICONS
START MENU
APPLICATION WINDOW
TITLE BAR
MENU BAR
TOOL BAR
SCROLL BAR
STATUS BAR
MAXIMIZE
CLOSEMINIMIZE
• TITLE BARIt contains the title of the application document.
• TOOL BARIt contains the tools.
• MENU BARIt contains menus. Each menu contains a list of
commands.• SCROLL BAR
It has arrow buttons to move through a document left or right, up or down.• STATUS BAR
It has the current page details.
WINDOWS SHORTCUT KEYS
1. WINDOW + E - Open My Computer2. F1 - Help topic3. ALT + F4 - Close the window4. ALT + Space bar + X - Maximize the window5. ALT + Space bar + N - Minimize the window 6. ALT + Space bar + R - Restore the window7. ALT + Space bar + S - Arrange the window size8. ALT + Space bar + M - Move the window9. ALT + Space bar + C - Close the window10.WINDOW + D - To see the desktop11.WINDOW + F - Search12.ALT + TAB - Cycling action on the taskbar13.WINDOW + Break- To see system properties14.Shift + F10 - Right Click option15.F5 - Refresh
Create New Folder
RIGHT CLICK in any empty place
Then click, NEW
Then click, FOLDER
Rename the Folder
Right click on the folder
Then click, Rename
Right click on the folder
Then click, Delete
Delete the Folder
TO CREATE NEW FOLDERGjpa /Nghy;liu cUthf;f
right click in any empty placentw;wplj;jpy; itj;J iul; fpspf; nra;aTk;