North Africa North Africa and and
The Middle The Middle EastEast
North AfricaNorth AfricaMoroccoMoroccoAlgeriaAlgeriaTunisiaTunisiaLibyaLibyaWestern SaharaWestern SaharaEgyptEgypt
Southwest Asia/ The Middle Southwest Asia/ The Middle EastEast
TurkeyTurkey SyriaSyria IraqIraq Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia YemenYemen JordanJordan LebanonLebanon IsraelIsrael
CyprusCyprus IranIran AfghanistanAfghanistan OmanOman QatarQatar BahrainBahrain KuwaitKuwait UAEUAE
Central AsiaCentral AsiaKazakhstanKazakhstanUzbekistanUzbekistan
TurkmenistanTurkmenistanTajikistanTajikistan
KyrgyzstanKyrgyzstan“stan”means “land of”
The Sahara Desert is a natural The Sahara Desert is a natural boundaryboundary
Extends across North AfricaExtends across North AfricaCovers ~3.5 million square Covers ~3.5 million square miles of landmiles of land
Little vegetations/ wind Little vegetations/ wind erosion commonerosion common
~130 degree- 0 degree ~130 degree- 0 degree temperaturestemperatures
Found in the SaharaFound in the Sahara OasisOasis- an isolated area of vegetation- an isolated area of vegetation ErgErg- windswept sand - windswept sand Reg-Reg- gravel covered plain gravel covered plain DepressionDepression- low land- low land WadisWadis- dry stream bed which fills - dry stream bed which fills
with water during the rainy seasonwith water during the rainy season
Erg Reg
Wadi
Negev and Syrian Negev and Syrian DesertsDeserts
Syrian Desert covers Syrian Desert covers portions of Syria, Iraq, portions of Syria, Iraq, Jordan, and Saudi ArabiaJordan, and Saudi Arabia
Negev Desert is located in Negev Desert is located in Southern IsraelSouthern Israel
Atlas Atlas MountaiMountai
nsns Located in Morocco, Algeria & TunisiaLocated in Morocco, Algeria & Tunisia 1500 miles long1500 miles long Separate the Atlantic & Mediterranean Separate the Atlantic & Mediterranean
coastlines from the Sahara Desertcoastlines from the Sahara Desert Inhabited by the Berbers (Inhabited by the Berbers (Indigenous peopleIndigenous people))
Zagros MountainsZagros MountainsLargest mountain range in Largest mountain range in
Iran and IraqIran and Iraq
Elburz MountainsElburz Mountains Located in Located in
IranIran
Tallest Tallest mountain mountain in the in the Middle Middle EastEast
Arabian PeninsulaArabian Peninsula Saudi Arabia, Oman, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Yemen,
Bahrain, Kuwait, UAE, Qatar, Israel, Bahrain, Kuwait, UAE, Qatar, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Syria, SW IraqPalestine, Jordan, Syria, SW Iraq
Surrounded by Red Sea, Gulf of Surrounded by Red Sea, Gulf of Oman, Gulf of Aden, Mediterranean Oman, Gulf of Aden, Mediterranean Sea & Persian GulfSea & Persian Gulf
Contains the worlds largest oil Contains the worlds largest oil reservesreserves
Tectonic plate movement has created many gulfs and seas
Sinai PeninsulaSinai Peninsula
Located in EgyptLocated in Egypt Lies between the Lies between the
Mediterranean Mediterranean Sea to the North Sea to the North and the Red Sea and the Red Sea to the Southto the South
Joins Africa to Joins Africa to AsiaAsia
Persian GulfPersian GulfLocated Located between Iran between Iran and the Arabian and the Arabian PeninsulaPeninsula
Worlds largest Worlds largest source of oilsource of oil
Nile River- “Great Nile River- “Great River”River”
Longest river in Longest river in world 4,160 miles world 4,160 miles longlong
Flows North to the Flows North to the Mediterranean Mediterranean SeaSea
Two major Two major tributaries: White tributaries: White Nile and Blue NileNile and Blue Nile
Nile River Delta at the Mediterranean Sea
Nile River
The Fertile Crescent
The Fertile CrescentThe Fertile CrescentTigris and Euphrates RiversTigris and Euphrates RiversHistorically referred to as Historically referred to as
“Mesopotamia” or the “Cradle of “Mesopotamia” or the “Cradle of Civilization”Civilization”
Located in IraqLocated in IraqHeadwater is the Taurus Headwater is the Taurus
Mountains Mountains Mouth is the Persian GulfMouth is the Persian Gulf
Dead Dead Sea-”Sea Sea-”Sea of Salt”of Salt”
Salt lake borders Salt lake borders Jordan & IsraelJordan & Israel
Shoreline- lowest Shoreline- lowest elevation on earth elevation on earth 1385 ft bsl1385 ft bsl
38% salt therefore 38% salt therefore animals cannot flourishanimals cannot flourish
Aral Sea- “Sea of Aral Sea- “Sea of Islands”Islands”
Located in Central Asia Located in Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan)(Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan)
Formerly the 4Formerly the 4thth largest lake in largest lake in worldworld
10% remains (Russian irrigation, 10% remains (Russian irrigation, drought, and industrial pollution)drought, and industrial pollution)
““One of the planet’s worst One of the planet’s worst environmental disasters”environmental disasters”
Caspian SeaCaspian SeaLargest lake or inland body of Largest lake or inland body of water on Earth water on Earth
Landlocked by Azerbaijan, Landlocked by Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, TurkmenistanTurkmenistan
Freshwater in the North and Freshwater in the North and more saline in the southmore saline in the south
Red SeaRed Sea Located between Located between
Africa and AsiaAfrica and Asia Becoming wider Becoming wider
as the Arabian as the Arabian and African and African plates spreadplates spread
18 desalinization 18 desalinization plants along the plants along the seasea Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia
ClimateClimateArid Climate dominates Arid Climate dominates
regionregionMediterranean Climate Mediterranean Climate
along the coastalong the coastSemi-Arid Climate between Semi-Arid Climate between
the Sahara and the Coastthe Sahara and the Coast
The most valuable The most valuable resource resource on Earth on Earth
(especially NA/ ME)(especially NA/ ME)
Water!!!!Water!!!!
Demographics of SW Demographics of SW AsiaAsia
Birth Rate = 27/1000Birth Rate = 27/1000 Death Rate = 6/1000Death Rate = 6/1000 Rate of Increase = 2.0%Rate of Increase = 2.0% Infant Mortality Rate = 48/1000Infant Mortality Rate = 48/1000 Fertility Rate = 3.7 Fertility Rate = 3.7 Life Expectancy = 68Life Expectancy = 68 % Urban = 63% Urban = 63 Pop. Density = 114 people per Pop. Density = 114 people per
square milesquare mile
Egypt – 79 million people
Bahrain- 807,000 people
Oil ConsumptionOil Consumption The U.S. consumes about 146 billion The U.S. consumes about 146 billion
gallons (about 550 billion liters) of gallons (about 550 billion liters) of gasoline each year gasoline each year
The U.S. The U.S. Strategic Petroleum Strategic Petroleum ReserveReserve currently stores about 570 currently stores about 570 million barrels of oil in underground million barrels of oil in underground salt caverns along the Gulf of Mexico. If salt caverns along the Gulf of Mexico. If all imports were cut off this would leave all imports were cut off this would leave the US with a 60 day supply of oil.the US with a 60 day supply of oil.
Thanks America!!!!United States $41,560
Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries
OPECOPEC One of the most powerful cartels in the world. One of the most powerful cartels in the world.
Collectively it has about three quarters of the Collectively it has about three quarters of the worlds discovered and recognized oil reserves.worlds discovered and recognized oil reserves.
Headquarters are in Vienna, AustriaHeadquarters are in Vienna, Austria
These countries control the price of oil by These countries control the price of oil by how much they produce each day. Of all how much they produce each day. Of all internationally traded oil OPEC produces 58% internationally traded oil OPEC produces 58% of it.of it.
How many gallons are in 1 barrel of oil? 42 How many gallons are in 1 barrel of oil? 42 gallonsgallons
OPEC member OPEC member nationsnations
Top 5 Oil Producing Top 5 Oil Producing Countries in NAMECountries in NAME
Saudi Arabia: Saudi Arabia: 11,150,00011,150,000 Barrels/dayBarrels/day
Iran: Iran: 4,231,000 Barrels/day4,231,000 Barrels/day Iraq: Iraq: 3,400,000 Barrels/day3,400,000 Barrels/day UAE: UAE: 3,087,000 Barrels/day3,087,000 Barrels/day Kuwait: Kuwait: 2,682,000 Barrels/day2,682,000 Barrels/day (United States(United States 9,023,000 9,023,000
Barrels/day)Barrels/day)
Islam Christianity Judaism
ReligionReligion IslamIslam ChristianityChristianity JudaismJudaism
Holy BookHoly Book Qur’anQur’an BibleBible TorahTorah
Place of Place of worshipworship
MosqueMosque ChurchChurch SynagogueSynagogue
SymbolSymbol Star & crescent Star & crescent moonmoon
CrossCross Star of DavidStar of David
Deity or GodDeity or God AllahAllah YahwehYahweh YahwehYahweh
Founder or Founder or prophetprophet
MohammadMohammad JesusJesus Moses or Moses or AbrahamAbraham
Holy cityHoly city Mecca, Medina, Mecca, Medina, JerusalemJerusalem
JerusalemJerusalem JerusalemJerusalem
HolidaysHolidays RamadanRamadan
HajjHajjChristmasChristmas
EasterEasterYom KippurYom Kippur
Rosh HashanahRosh Hashanah
HanukahHanukah
PassoverPassover
Important Important DatesDates
622- 622- Mohammad Mohammad founded Islamfounded Islam
732-732- Islam spread to Islam spread to EuropeEurope
313-313- Emperor made Emperor made Christianity state Christianity state religionreligion
1054-1054- Roman Roman Catholic & Orthodox Catholic & Orthodox church splitchurch split
1096-1270-1096-1270- Crusades Islam Crusades Islam conquered Jerusalemconquered Jerusalem
1517-1517- Martin Luther Martin Luther demands changedemands change
7070 Roman army Roman army enslaves the Jew in enslaves the Jew in JerusalemJerusalem
1948-1948- Israel- Arab Israel- Arab wars; most Jews fled wars; most Jews fled to Europeto Europe
ReligionReligion IslamIslam ChristianityChristianity JudaismJudaism
““Called”Called” MuslimsMuslims ChristiansChristians JewsJews
# of # of WorshipersWorshipers
1.3 billion1.3 billion 2 billion2 billion 14 million14 million
World RankWorld Rank 22ndnd Largest Largest LargestLargest 1212thth largest largest
ConcentrationConcentrationss
Middle East, Middle East, Southeast AsiaSoutheast Asia
Europe, North Europe, North and South and South America, Rapid America, Rapid growth in Africagrowth in Africa
Israel, Europe. Israel, Europe. USAUSA
Main day of Main day of worshipworship
FridayFriday SundaySunday SaturdaySaturday
Date foundedDate founded 622 CE622 CE 33 CE33 CE UnknownUnknown
Type of Type of TheismTheism
MonotheismMonotheism MonotheismMonotheism MonotheismMonotheism
Arabic is the most widely spoken language
Farsi is the 2nd most spoken language
Turkish is the 3rd most spoken language
English is a common 2nd language in most countries
Ethnic DiversityEthnic DiversityAssyriansAssyrians are a distinct ethnic group are a distinct ethnic group whose origins lie in ancient whose origins lie in ancient Mesopotamia. They are Semitic, who Mesopotamia. They are Semitic, who speak and write dialects of Eastern speak and write dialects of Eastern Aramaic (about 4 million).Aramaic (about 4 million).
Arab peopleArab people, are an ethnic group , are an ethnic group located in Western Asia and North located in Western Asia and North Africa. As a single ethnic group, they Africa. As a single ethnic group, they constitute one of the world's largest constitute one of the world's largest after Han Chinese (approx. 300 after Han Chinese (approx. 300 million).million).
EgyptianEgyptian identity is closely tied to identity is closely tied to geography. The population of Egypt is geography. The population of Egypt is concentrated in the lower Nile valley, and concentrated in the lower Nile valley, and they speak a dialect of Arabic (91 million).they speak a dialect of Arabic (91 million).
The The GeorgiansGeorgians are a Caucasian ethnic are a Caucasian ethnic group that are indigenous to Georgia, where group that are indigenous to Georgia, where they constitute a majority of the population. they constitute a majority of the population. The majority of Georgians are Eastern The majority of Georgians are Eastern Orthodox Christian (about 6 million).Orthodox Christian (about 6 million).
The The JewsJews are a nation and an ethnoreligious are a nation and an ethnoreligious group, originating in the Israelites or group, originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation (14 traditional faith of the Jewish nation (14 million). million).
The The Kurdish people Kurdish people are related to the are related to the people of Iran, mostly inhabiting a region people of Iran, mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes parts known as Kurdistan, which includes parts of Turkey, Syria, Iran, and Iraq. They speak of Turkey, Syria, Iran, and Iraq. They speak the Kurdish. The Kurds number about 38 the Kurdish. The Kurds number about 38 million, the majority living in Southwest million, the majority living in Southwest Asia, with significant communities in Asia, with significant communities in western Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Israel, western Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Israel, Azerbaijan, Russia, and Lebanon. Azerbaijan, Russia, and Lebanon.
LursLurs are an Iranian peoples living mainly are an Iranian peoples living mainly in south-western Iran. Their population is in south-western Iran. Their population is estimated at around 5 million. The Lur estimated at around 5 million. The Lur people mostly speak Luri, a Southwestern people mostly speak Luri, a Southwestern Iranian language related to Persian. Iranian language related to Persian.
Persians Persians are an Iranian people who speak are an Iranian people who speak the modern Persian language and similar the modern Persian language and similar Iranian dialects and languages. Besides Iranian dialects and languages. Besides modern Iran ethnic Persians are also found modern Iran ethnic Persians are also found in Central Asia (Afghanistan, Tajikistan, in Central Asia (Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan) where they are usually called Uzbekistan) where they are usually called Tajiks and Farsiwans, as well as in Tajiks and Farsiwans, as well as in southern Iraq (about 81 million).southern Iraq (about 81 million).
The The TurkmensTurkmens are a Turkic people located are a Turkic people located primarily in the Central Asian states of primarily in the Central Asian states of Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, northeastern Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, northeastern Iran, Syria, Iraq and North Caucasus. They Iran, Syria, Iraq and North Caucasus. They speak the Turkmen (about 8 million). speak the Turkmen (about 8 million).