Now, listen & watchcarefully ladies &
gentlemen!
We are going totalk about...
Het meervoud
The PLURAL is the form of a verb, pronoun or noun,
used when talking or writing about something of which there is
MORE THAN 1
This presentation is aboutThe PLURAL-form of the NOUN
Study these examples:
1 carrot… 2 carrots1 bean...
1 grape...
2 apples1 apple…
2 beans
2 grapes
What will be the rule?
Try to find this out yourselves and...find more examples!
Main Rule
enkelvoud +s = meervoud
So: Bean +s = Beans
Study these examples:
1 glass… 2 glassES1 box...
1 church...
2 busES1 bus…
2 boxES
2 churchES
What will be the rule?
Try to find this out yourselves and...find more examples!
Rule 2
Woord eindigt op sisklank?
So: bus +es = buses
+es in het meervoud!
Study these examples:
1 cherr Y… 2 cherrIES
1 raspberrY... 2 raspberrIES1 babY… 2 babIES
What will be the rule?
Try to find this out yourselves and...find more examples!
Rule 3a
Woord eindigt op Y?
So: cherry cherries
-y wordt -ies in het meervoud!
BUT...
1 boY… 2 boyS1 monkeY... 2 monkeyS
What will be the rule here?
Try to find this out yourselves and...find more examples!
Rule 3b
Woord eindigt op KLINKER + Y?
So: boy + s boys
+s in het meervoud!
You haven’t fallen asleep have you!?
Study these examples:
1 potato… 2 potatOES1 negro... 2 negrOES
1 tomato... 2 tomatOES
What will be the rule?
Try to find this out yourselves and...find more examples!
Rule 4a
Woord eindigt op O?
So: potato potatoes
+es in het meervoud!
BUT...
1 radio… 2 radioS1 studio… 2 studioS
Rule 4b
Woord eindigt op KLINKER + O?
So: radio + s radios
+s in het meervoud!
Exceptions...
1 mosquito… 2 mosquitoS1 piano… 2 pianoS1 disco… 2 discoS
Learn these by heart!
Study these examples:
1 knife… 2 knives
1 wolf... 2 wolves
1 thief... 2 thieves
Rule 5
Woord eindigt op -f of -fe?
So: wolf wolves
-f/-fe wordt –ves in het meervoud!
Study these examples:
1 cactus… 2 cacti
1 nucleus... 2 nuclei
1 focus... 2 foci
Rule 6
Woord eindigt op -us?
So: cactus cacti
-us wordt -i in het meervoud!
Study these examples:
1 analysis… 2 analyses
1 crisis... 2 crises
1 thesis... 2 theses
Rule 7
Woord eindigt op -is?
So: crisis crises
-is wordt -es in het meervoud!
Study these examples:
1 phenomenon… 2 phenomena
1 criterion... 2 criteria
Rule 8
Woord eindigt op -on?
So: criterion criteria
-on wordt -a in het meervoud!
Special cases1 man / 2 men
1 woman / 2 women
1 child / 2 children1
Learn these by heart!
1 goose / 2 geese
1 foot / 2 feet
1 tooth / 2 teeth2
Learn these by heart!
Special cases
1 louse / 2 lice
1 mouse / 2 mice
But: 1 house / 2 houses
3 Learn these by heart!
Special cases
1 sheep / 2 sheep
1 deer / 2 deer1 salmon / 2 salmon 4
Any rule here?
Special cases
police
wateroil 5
Any rule here?
Special cases
money
time
cattle
people
Sommige woorden staan al in het meervoud:
Jeans, tights, shorts, trousers, goggles, etc. 6aHet werkwoord dat bij deze vorm hoort heeft ook de meervoudsvorm !
Example: Her jeans are too long.
Special cases
Na een telwoord gebruik je pair(s) of bij:
Jeans, tights, shorts, trousers, goggles, etc. 6bExample: I have a pair of new jeans.
I have two pairs of new jeans.
Special cases
Sommige zelfstandige naamwoorden eindigen met –ics maar zijn geen meervoud:
gymnastics, athletics, politics, physics, etc. 7Example: Gymnastics is my favourite sport.
Special cases
News is geen meervoud!
8Example: What time is the news on television?
Special cases
Sommige zelfstandige naamwoorden eindigen op een –s maar kunnen enkelvoud of meervoud zijn:
A means of transportA television seriesa species of birds 9Example: I know 200 species of birds.
Special cases
Als het gaat om meer dan 1 persoon of ding wordt in het Engels altijd meervoud gebruikt.
Examples:- It happened ten years ago.- His two sons are farmers. 10Let op! In het Nederlands gebruik je dan vaak het enkelvoud.
Special cases
Did you really learn something?
Or are PLURALS still a mystery to you?
If so...
Check these sites:http://www.digischool.nl/en/ (oefenen/grammatica/zelfstandige nmw)
http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/
http://webster.commnet.edu/grammar/plurals.htm (with additional information on special cases!)
http://english-zone.com/spelling/nouns1.html (with many exercises)
Plural PoemOne little crocodile swimming in the pond,
Then he sees two little _______Hopping all around.
Flying high up in the sky, go three flapping______,
Then they dive and land upon three______________.
Four little ___________Drinking all the water.
Will they notice five big ____________Oh, I think they ought to!
Six slimy __________Slithering on the shore,
Will they catch their tea today?Seven _________________.
Eight climbing ____________Whizzing up the tree, chasing their best friends,
Nine ___________.Night is falling quickly, time to say goodbye,
Ten shining __________Sparkle in the sky.