S20 D I A B E T E S R E S E A R C H A N D C L I N I C A L P R A C T I C E 1 0 3 S ( 2 0 1 4 ) S 1 – S 6 1

toxicities) were evaluated at a dose of 300 mg/kg of body weightin rats fed on high fructose/high cholesterol diet.

Results: The hydroethanolic fruits and twigs had significantlyhigh anti α-amylase effects. Both extracts had antihyperglycemiceffects (percentage increase 21.566% vs 8.208%) with the twigsbeing most active. Finally, the preventive study results show thatco-administration of these extracts significantly reduces fastingblood glucose, Triglyceride, Total and LDL cholesterol, creatinineand total protein levels, while they significantly increase HDLcholesterol and nitric oxide levels. The fruits were the mostactive. Thus these extracts could enable us to ameliorate ormaintain these changes to nearly normal levels.

Conclusion: These results suggest that the hydroethanolicfruits and twigs could be of interest in the prevention of hyper-lipidemia and hyperglycemia associated with type 2 diabetes.

OP40Efficacité et tolérance de Sattagha Bôwal dans le traitementdu diabète de type 2

E.S. Baldé a, N.M. Baldé b, M.S. Traoré a, M.S.T. Diallo a,M.A. Baldé a, A.M. Baldé a. aCentre de Recherche et de Valorisationdes Plantes Médicinales, Dubréka, Guinée, Département de Pharmacie,Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie-Odontostomatologie, Université deConakry, Guinée ; bService d’endocrinologie CHU Donka ConakryGuinée/Département de Médecine, FMPOS Université Gamal AbdelNasser Conakry Guinée

Introduction : Des enquêtes ethno médicales et un criblagesélectif ont permis de sélectionner une plante (nommée SattaghaBôwal dans la région du Foutah Djallon). Les objectifs étaientde tester son efficacité et d’identifier ses effets secondairespotentiels dans le traitement du diabète de type 2 de l’adulte.

Méthodes : Un essai ouvert a inclus 30 sujets volontairesayant un diabète de type 2 connu depuis moins d’un an, nonsoumis à un traitement médicamenteux et dont les glycémies àjeun étaient comprises entre 175 et 250 mg/dl, sans acétonurieni protéinurie sont suivis en ambulatoire. Sattagha Bôwal, condi-tionné en infusettes de 5 g, est administré pendant 12 semaines(15 g par jour). Le critère principal de jugement de l’efficacitéétait la baisse moyenne de la glycémie à jeun et ceux de la to-lérance étaient les effets secondaires rapportés et l’évolution desbilans : numération formule sanguine, transaminases, bilirubine,créatinine et protéinurie après 6 et 12 semaines de traitement.

Résultats : 25 sujets (9 hommes et 16 femmes ; âge moyen : 49ans) ont été au terme de l’essai. 4 patients ont été perdus de vueet 2 patients sont sortis de l’essai. La glycémie à jeun a baissé enmoyenne de 80 mg/dl (205 mg/dl vs 125 mg/dl ; p<0.001) avec unehausse concomitante des taux de cholestérol total (5,2 mmol/Lvs 6,3 mmol/L ; p<0,01) et de créatinine (60 μmol/L vs 88,8μmol/L ; p=0,04). Les paramètres suivants indice de masse corpo-relle, pressions artérielles systolique et diastolique, triglycérides,transaminases et bilirubine n’ont significativement varié.

Conclusion : Les résultats observés indiquent une efficacitéde Sattagha Bôwal sur la glycémie à jeun mais avec une hausseconcomitante et significative des taux de créatinémie et decholestérol.

OP42Comparative ameliorative effects of Ficus exasperata leaveextracts on pathophysiological and histopathologicalcomplications of diabetes mellitus in albino rats

O. Olutoba a, A. Akindele a, B. Adekunle b. aAnimal Physiology Unit,Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan; bCell Biology and GeneticsUnit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder withgrievous pathophysiological complications. Methanolic extract

of Ficus exasperata leaves has been reported to ameliorate thevarious complications of the disease. This study was carried outto compare the ameliorative potentials of various extracts of F.exasperata in diabetic albino rats.

Methods: Thirty-five male albino rats divided into 6 treatmentand one control groups were used for the study. DM wasinduced by single intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg alloxanmonohydrate. The effects of treatment with 200 mg/kg of n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts on thepathophysiology and histopathology of DM were studied.

Results: Test for secondary metabolites in all the extractsshowed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins and fla-vanoids. Hyperglycemia was reversed in all rats treated with thefour extracts within 6 days of treatment. Blood glucose concen-tration was significantly lower (p<0.05) in rats treated with theextracts compared to the rats treated with glibenclamide. Ratstreated with the chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts recordedthe least blood glucose levels (93 and 97 mg/dl respectively). Ratstreated with ethyl acetate fraction recorded the highest hemato-logical values, least cholesterol and coronary risk index values.Also, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed better liverand kidney function parameters. Various degenerations observedin the pancreas, kidney, liver and heart were milder in ratstreated with ethyl acetate extracts compared to others.

Conclusion: Results from this study have demonstrated thatethyl acetate extract of F. exasperata has best ameliorative effectson the pathophysiology and histopathology of DM.

OP43Performance of three glomerular filtration rate estimationequations in patients with Type 2 diabetes in Yaounde –Cameroon

A. Agoons a, F.F. Kaze a, M. Azabji b, C. Djonou a, Y. Munang a,B. Bate a, E. Sobngwi a, J.C. Mbanya a. aFaculty of Medicine andBiomedical Sciences, Internal Medicine and Specialties; bFaculty ofMedicine and Biomedical Sciences, Physiological Sciences

Introduction: In clinical practice, glomerular filtration rate (GFR)is often estimated by equations such as the Modification of Dietin Renal Disease (MDRD), Chronic Kidney Disease EpidemiologyCollaboration (CKD-EPI) and Cockcroft-Gault (CG) equations.These equations however have not been validated in Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of our study was to evaluate theperformance of these equations to estimate GFR in patients withtype 2 diabetes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 103 participants(51 patients with type 2 diabetes and 52 healthy non-diabeticcontrols) aged 55.4±8.5 years; 64 (62%) were men. Creatinineclearance (CrCl) was measured in two consecutive 24-hoururine samples, and the result adjusted for body surface areausing the Dubois formula. Venous samples were collected for themeasurement of serum creatinine using the kinetic Jaffe method.Measured serum creatinine was calibrated to standardized levelsusing the following equation: Standardized Scr = 0.95 x Scr. GFRwas estimated according to the re-expressed MDRD, CKD-EPI andCG equations. Bland-Altman analysis was used to examine theagreement between measured and estimated GFR.

Results: In diabetic individuals, CrCl was 72.7±45.7 ml/min/1.73 m2, MDRD GFR 72.5±25.7 ml/min/1.73 m2, CKD-EPI GFR74.5±27.4 ml/min/1.73 m2 and CG GFR 67.3±22.9 ml/min/1.73m2 (p=0.298). In healthy volunteers, the corresponding valueswere 65.0±42.2, 84.4±14.6, 88.0±15.1 and 78.3±15.8 ml/min/1.73m2 (p<0.0001). In diabetic patients, the MDRD (r=0.58), CKD-EPI(r=0.55) and CG (r=0.61) correlated well with CrCl (all p<0.05). Innon-diabetic controls, the correlations ranged from 0.18 to 0.62.Bias was 0.3 for MDRD, −1.7 for CKD-EPI and 5.4 for CG in diabeticpatients. All three equations overestimated GFR in control sub-jects. Precision and accuracy were sub-optimal in both groups.