Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation
Outside the Net Personal Protection Project towards elimination of residual transmission
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
-Nature, Sept 2015 “Effect of malaria control on Plasmodium falciparum in Africa 2000 – 2015” S.Bhatt, D.J.Weiss, E.Cameron
50% reduction in Pf infection prevalence40% reduction in clinical disease incidence668 million cases averted over 15 years
Persistence of Malaria187 million clinical cases in 2015
Attributable effects of control measures68% Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs)19% Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT)13% Insectide Residual Spraying (IRS)
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundationtowards elimination of residual transmission
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
towards elimination of residual transmission
Harar, Ethiopia
Block inside biting mosquitoes at night
Kill landing mosquitoes (permethrin)
Industrially impregnated net material for lasting effect
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN)
towards elimination of residual transmission
Resistance
Mosquito resistance to pyrmethrin detected
Three new classes of insecticides needed (IVCC)
Residual transmission remains- outside the net biting
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation
2015
-Nature, Sept 2015 “Effect of malaria control on Plasmodium falciparum in Africa 2000 – 2015” S.Bhatt, D.J.Weiss, E.Cameron
Highlights “This analysis demonstrates current malaria interventions have
been highly effective at reducing prevalence and incidence……Provides strong support for sustaining and increasing access to these interventionsRedoubling of efforts to delay the spread of drug and insecticide resistanceTools needed to address residual transmission that persists in areas of high vector control efforts”
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundationtowards elimination of residual transmission
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
towards elimination of residual transmission
-Malaria Journal 2015‘A bite before bed’: exposure to malaria vectors outside the times of net use in the highlands of western Kenya
Mary K Cooke Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
Results and conclusions“overlap of early biting habit of vectors and human
activity in this region indicates that additional methods of vector control are required to limit transmission”
Anopheles gambiae
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
towards elimination of residual transmission
Mosquito and human behavior vary by location
Evening meal preparations in central Malawi
Biting times and locations PovertyInsecticide resistance DwellingsSelection of outdoor biting Livelihoodsand resting behaviors Customs
Anopheles funestus
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
towards elimination of residual transmission
Categories of Vector Control Measures Complementary to LLINs IRS & ACT
Outside sprayingLarvacidesTrapsSterile mosquitoesProtective clothing and repellents
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
Protective clothingEfficacy with consistent use
Refugee camp studies (Kenya, Afghanistan)US ArmyPymethrin most common
Industrial pretreatment of clothing (uniforms)Imperfect measures of efficacy (no standard methods)
towards elimination of residual transmission
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology(2014) Insecticide-treated clothes for the control of vector-borne diseases: a review on effectiveness and safetyS. D. BANKS Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
“Under the correct circumstances, insecticide-treated clothing is a promising intervention against disease transmission, but further studies are needed to define the most appropriate guidelines for testing insecticide-treated clothing.”
“The utilizing of existing clothing and habits promotes stronger compliance and greater acceptability.”
“If treated clothing does actively repel arthropods, it may provide protection even in places where physiological resistance to pyrethroids is found.”
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
“Under the correct circumstances, insecticide-treated clothing is a promising intervention against disease transmission” S. D. BANKS Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
towards elimination of residual transmission
Effective protection: treated clothing and protective skin products
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
“Under the correct circumstances, insecticide-treated clothing is a promising intervention against disease transmission” S. D. BANKS Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Areas with effective LLINs and IRS
Areas with emergent resistance
Easy to implement clothing treatment program
towards elimination of residual transmission
Compliance not a problem for an Army with pretreated uniforms
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
“The utilizing of existing clothing and habits promotes stronger compliance and greater acceptability.”S. D. BANKS Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
towards elimination of residual transmission
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
“The utilizing of existing clothing and habits promotes stronger compliance and greater acceptability.”S. D. BANKS Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
towards elimination of residual transmission
Mulago Hospital, Kampala
Civilians need a different solution – insecticidal treatment for existing clothes
Simple insecticidal treatment of personal clothing in the field
-soak and dry manually or use washing machine
Safe to use, safe to wear (IR3535)
Sleeping blankets, wraps, bed nets
Effective against mosquitoes and other insects
Implement using existing LLINs and IRS infrastructure, village health committees
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
towards elimination of residual transmissionOutside the Net Personal Protection Project
Mozzie Armor® clothing treatment
Mozzie Armor® clothing treatment
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
towards elimination of residual transmissionOutside the Net Personal Protection Project
Long lasting protection – 60 to 80% effective after 20 industrial washes
-nano technology formulation -addresses permethrin resistance today-adaptable to alternative pesticides and
repellents
Mozzie Armor Textile® formulation
Treatment of textiles before clothing manufactureLong lasting protection – 60 to 80% effective after 50 industrial washes
-uniforms of all types
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
towards elimination of residual transmission
Anti Malaria Fashion FoundationOutside the Net Personal Protection Project
Extend protection from vector transmission to outside the net
Early evening, early morning hours
Outside biting activity
Emerging resistance to pyrethroids, physiologic and behavioral
Implement and test insecticide treated clothing solutions
Field treatment of civilian clothing. Pretreatment of uniforms and work clothes. Integrate into malaria control programs. ‘Push-pull’ intervention.
Anti Malaria Fashion Foundation 2015
towards elimination of residual transmission
Anti Malaria Fashion FoundationOutside the Net Personal Protection Project
Contact:
Nelly Kolodny, PhDAnti Malaria Fashion Foundation240-401-2959www.antimalariafoundation.org