Overview of Overview of Wastes Management Wastes Management
in Mauritiusin Mauritius
B.BEERACHEEDEPUTY DIRECTOR
Solid Waste Management Division Ministry of Local Government and Outer Islands, Mauritius
Seoul, KOREA, 05 September 2012
ContentsContents
MauritiusMauritius……..
Mauritius is a small island Mauritius is a small island developing state (SIDS) found in developing state (SIDS) found in the southwest Indian Ocean, about the southwest Indian Ocean, about 900900 kilometres east of Madagascarkilometres east of Madagascar
Some Fact & Figures About MauritiusSome Fact & Figures About Mauritius
Mauritius is very small .(2000 km2)Mauritius is very small .(2000 km2)Independence : 12 arch 1968Independence : 12 arch 1968Population : Population : 1,284,264 ( july 09) ( 650/km2)1,284,264 ( july 09) ( 650/km2)Population growth :Population growth : 1.1 1.1 ‐‐ 1.2%1.2%Urban Population : Urban Population : 44%44%Asian origin: 68%, African origin; 27%, SinoAsian origin: 68%, African origin; 27%, Sino‐‐Mauritian 3%, FrancoMauritian 3%, Franco‐‐Mauritian 2% Mauritian 2% Official language : English ( least spoken)Official language : English ( least spoken)Literacy Rate: Literacy Rate: 86 %86 %
EconomyEconomy based on Tourism, Financial based on Tourism, Financial Services, Textile Industry, Sugar Export.Services, Textile Industry, Sugar Export.
Characteristics common to SIDS includeCharacteristics common to SIDS include::Remoteness from economic polesRemoteness from economic polesLimited land space & Scarce resourcesLimited land space & Scarce resourcesHigh population densityHigh population densityHigh degree of dependence on importsHigh degree of dependence on importsPoor resilience to external shocks Poor resilience to external shocks ––EUROZONEEUROZONEFragile ecosystem compounded by natural Fragile ecosystem compounded by natural calamities calamities ‐‐ Severe Cyclones , floods, sea level Severe Cyclones , floods, sea level rise due to climate changerise due to climate change
Mtius is a Small Island Developing State. Mtius is a Small Island Developing State.
Strategies Strategies
VisionVision
To contribute to sustainable use of To contribute to sustainable use of natural resourcesnatural resources
Enhance the lifestyle, economy Enhance the lifestyle, economy and environment of the countryand environment of the country
Current Solid Waste Management Current Solid Waste Management
SystemSystem
WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT BEFORE YEAR 1997BEFORE YEAR 1997
Dumpsites were natural depressions Dumpsites were natural depressions
Waste was placed and compacted in some of Waste was placed and compacted in some of
the dump sitesthe dump sites
Most of the time the dumpsites were under fireMost of the time the dumpsites were under fire
No record of incoming waste was keptNo record of incoming waste was kept
Only estimates available prior to 1997Only estimates available prior to 1997
Pollution of ground water and aquiferPollution of ground water and aquifer
Current Situation of Waste Current Situation of Waste ManagementManagement
Amount of Wastes LandfilledAmount of Wastes Landfilled
In 2008: 398,070 tonnes In 2008: 398,070 tonnes In 2009: 413,236 tonnes In 2009: 413,236 tonnes In 2010: 427,000 tonnesIn 2010: 427,000 tonnesIn 2011: 414,000 tonnes In 2011: 414,000 tonnes
Costs of Solid Waste ManagementCosts of Solid Waste Management
In
2009
was
nearly
MUR
1,069
million
(USD
$
35.6 In
2009
was
nearly
MUR
1,069
million
(USD
$
35.6 million)
that
is
nearly
MUR
832
(USD
$
27.7)
per million)
that
is
nearly
MUR
832
(USD
$
27.7)
per
capita and MUR 2515 (USD $ 83) per Tonnecapita and MUR 2515 (USD $ 83) per Tonne
Increase expected in view of: Increase expected in view of: Types of collection Types of collection (source separation / mixed)(source separation / mixed)Transportation (Price of fuel etcTransportation (Price of fuel etc……))Disposal Technologies Disposal Technologies (Landfilling / Incineration)(Landfilling / Incineration)
BUT THE STRATEGY IS BRING DOWN COST!!!BUT THE STRATEGY IS BRING DOWN COST!!!
Composition of Solid WasteComposition of Solid Waste
Strategic GoalsStrategic Goals
Goal 1 . Additional Infrastructure and Services
Goal 2 . Improvements in cost effectiveness
Goal 3 . Improve Partnership
Goal 4 . Improve Institutional and legal set up
Goal 5 . Market Development to promote reuse and recycling
Goal 1: Additional Infrastructure and Goal 1: Additional Infrastructure and ServicesServices
Waste collection Waste collection
Transfer Facilities Network Transfer Facilities Network
Additional disposal capacity Additional disposal capacity
Hazardous waste interim storage facility Hazardous waste interim storage facility
Civic amenity centres Civic amenity centres
Composting plants Composting plants
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Mare Chicose Sanitary Mare Chicose Sanitary LandfillLandfill
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Status on site : OVER 32 Ha. To Develop 13 HaStatus on site : OVER 32 Ha. To Develop 13 Ha
Solid WasteSolid Waste: disposal in a sanitary landfill ( : disposal in a sanitary landfill (
since 1997) with clay + double HDPE line ( 1.5 since 1997) with clay + double HDPE line ( 1.5
mm), leachate collection system, flaring of mm), leachate collection system, flaring of
landfill methane gas and final cover + post landfill methane gas and final cover + post
closure management Environmental , Surface & closure management Environmental , Surface &
Ground water Monitoring. Now Gas to EnergyGround water Monitoring. Now Gas to Energy
Hazardous waste:Hazardous waste:haz waste cell for some solid haz waste haz waste cell for some solid haz waste ––encapsulation in concreteencapsulation in concrete
Contractual Contractual ArrangementsArrangements
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Waste disposal & compactionWaste disposal & compaction
{{
Sanitary Landfill: A contained structureSanitary Landfill: A contained structure
{{
Welding & testing of LinerWelding & testing of Liner
{{
Gas well drillingGas well drilling
{{
Gas capture & flaringGas capture & flaring
Gas to EnergyGas to Energy
LANDFILL GAS TO ENERGY ENGINES
{{
Construction Capping, grassing & surface water drain Construction Capping, grassing & surface water drain
{{THIS IS NOT
SUSTAINABLE: WHAT’STHE WAY
FORWARD
Market Development to promote Market Development to promote Reuse and RecyclingReuse and Recycling
Status of Recycling In MauritiusStatus of Recycling In Mauritius
Presently, the materials that Presently, the materials that are being recycled are Paper, are being recycled are Paper, Plastic, Glass, Textile, Metals Plastic, Glass, Textile, Metals and some hazardous Wastesand some hazardous Wastes
Barriers according to recyclersBarriers according to recyclers
Lack of incentives from the Government.Lack of incentives from the Government.
Lack of laws and regulations to control the Lack of laws and regulations to control the illegal exportation of waste materialillegal exportation of waste material
High cost of collection and transportation of High cost of collection and transportation of the wastesthe wastes
Lack of labour.Lack of labour.
Lack of awareness among the public.Lack of awareness among the public.
Some Options for Improving Recycling Some Options for Improving Recycling
Legal instrumentsLegal instruments
Economic instruments Economic instruments
Increase public educationIncrease public education
Improve drop Improve drop ––off points in public places off points in public places
Implement Procurement guidelines for Implement Procurement guidelines for government purchase government purchase
Government decided to supply 180,000 Government decided to supply 180,000 tons of unsorted waste to a private tons of unsorted waste to a private company for compostingcompany for composting
Two additional compost plants of Two additional compost plants of capacity 130,000 tons and 30,000 tons is capacity 130,000 tons and 30,000 tons is foreseen under Public Private Partnership foreseen under Public Private Partnership projectprojectAround 70% will be diverted from Around 70% will be diverted from landfilllandfill
COMPOSTING PROJECTSCOMPOSTING PROJECTS
Hazardous Waste Management Hazardous Waste Management in Mauritiusin Mauritius
•• Waste oilWaste oil•• Medical wastes Medical wastes •• Obsolete pesticidesObsolete pesticides•• Used mobiles phones and batteriesUsed mobiles phones and batteries•• Obsolete school chemicalsObsolete school chemicals•• EE‐‐wasteswastes•• Mercury wastesMercury wastes
Our present hazardous waste management system is Our present hazardous waste management system is currently deficient in terms of data on amounts of hazardous currently deficient in terms of data on amounts of hazardous waste being generated, stored and disposed, enforcement of waste being generated, stored and disposed, enforcement of legislations and appropriate treatment/disposal infrastructurelegislations and appropriate treatment/disposal infrastructure
Minimize hazardous waste generationMinimize hazardous waste generation
Encourage onEncourage on‐‐site recycling and site recycling and treatment of hazardous wastes treatment of hazardous wastes
Encourage exchange of hazardous Encourage exchange of hazardous wasteswastes
Export of hazardous wastesExport of hazardous wastes
Policy on Hazardous Wastes Management Policy on Hazardous Wastes Management
To conduct a comprehensive national To conduct a comprehensive national inventory of hazardous waste inventory of hazardous waste To develop and maintain a hazardous To develop and maintain a hazardous waste waste database database To investigate To investigate feasibility of onfeasibility of on‐‐site site recycling/treatment recycling/treatment of hazardous wastesof hazardous wastesTo devise and setTo devise and set‐‐up up hazardous waste hazardous waste exchange schemesexchange schemesTo setTo set‐‐up an up an interim storage facility interim storage facility prior prior to exportation of hazardous wastes for to exportation of hazardous wastes for treatment/disposal treatment/disposal
StrategyStrategy
Hazardous Waste ManagementHazardous Waste Management in Mauritiusin Mauritius
Hazardous waste management in Mauritius is limited to Hazardous waste management in Mauritius is limited to the following practices:the following practices:
Solid hazardous wastes Solid hazardous wastes are not collected separately are not collected separately but discharged with nonbut discharged with non‐‐hazardous wasteshazardous wastesLiquid hazardous waste is discharged with the Liquid hazardous waste is discharged with the sewage water sewage water Some hazardous waste stored at the premises of Some hazardous waste stored at the premises of industries due to the lack of treatment/disposal industries due to the lack of treatment/disposal facilitiesfacilitiesIn hospitals, hazardous waste is collected separately In hospitals, hazardous waste is collected separately and incinerated in hospital incineratorsand incinerated in hospital incinerators
Hazardous Waste ManagementHazardous Waste Management in Mauritiusin Mauritius
Infrastructure for disposal of hazardous wastes is Infrastructure for disposal of hazardous wastes is limited to a hazardous waste cell at the Mare Chicose limited to a hazardous waste cell at the Mare Chicose Landfill, where only certain types of hazardous wastes Landfill, where only certain types of hazardous wastes are accepted.are accepted.
HazardousHazardous waste cell of waste cell of capacity 2,000 mcapacity 2,000 m33 and and equipped with double equipped with double synthetic lining system synthetic lining system to prevent groundwater to prevent groundwater contaminationcontamination
My Ministry has started working on My Ministry has started working on Education and Sensitization campaigns with Education and Sensitization campaigns with stakeholders including stakeholders including Central Level Central Level ‐‐ Relevant MinistriesRelevant MinistriesLocal LevelLocal Level
Municipalities & district authoritiesMunicipalities & district authoritiesWaste Generators Waste Generators
Residential, commercial, institutional, industrial, Residential, commercial, institutional, industrial, medical facilitiesmedical facilities
Operators Operators Municipal and district councils solid waste service, Municipal and district councils solid waste service, and private operators privateand private operators private
Education & AwarenessEducation & Awareness
Thank you for your Thank you for your kind attentionkind attention……