PUR=

SWrucWural Analysis of HisWorical ConsWrucWions – Jerzy Jasieńko (ed) © 2012 DPNH ProcławH PolandH ISSN 0860-2395H ISBN 978-83-7125-216-7

pfMriATflN ANa bumbofMbNTAi obpbAoCe lN bNbodY afppfmATflN BbeAsflo lc alr-dlNd vuan gianli N, phi ving O ABpToACT aou-dong=Ebracket=setF=is=a=unique=timber=component=in=traditional=Chinese=building.=fn=this=research=the=representative=bracket=sets=in=vingxian=timber=pagoda=are=selected=as=the=investigating=objectI=and=physical= model= testing= method= is= adopted= to= ascertain= the= load= transfer= mechanism=and= deformation=character=of=aouJdong.=By=means=of=horizontal=low=cyclic=loading=test=under=the=vertical=load=actionI=the=hysteresis=curves=and=skeleton=curves=of=the=bracket=set=models=have=been=obtained.=qhe=research=result =indicated =the =lateral =displacement =stiffness =of =the =bracket =set =is =increase =with =the =vertical =load =increaseI =the =friction =and =shear =on =interface =between =members =of =the =bracket =set =is =a =main =means =to =energy=dissipation. According= as= the= mechanical= and= geometrical= parameters= extracted= from= physical= modelI= a= finite=element= model=based= on= energy=dissipation= of=aouJdong= has= been=proposed.= fn= this= cb= model= the=dimensional= bracket= layer= substructure= is= adopted= to= incarnate= the= connecting= rule= of= structural=configurations= of= aouJdongI= and= “contactJtarget”= pair is =set =on =the =interface =between =aou =Ebracket =blockF=and=dong=Ebracket= armF= to=carry=out= the=function=of= energy=dissipation=by=friction=and=shear.=A=typical=cb= model=of=aouJdong=has= been=constructed=by=program=AkpvpI=and= the=whole=loading=processes= of= the=corresponding=physical= model= test= have=been= simulated= and=analyzed.= qhe=analysis=result=proved=that=this=cb=model=with=perfect=simulation=function=for=frictionJshear=actionI=and=can=be=applied=to=seismic=behavior=study=for=the=traditional=Chinese=timber=building.==heywords: aouJdong Ebracket setF, Model test, ioad transfer mechanism, crictionJshear function,

bnergy dissipation, qraditional Chinese timber building NK fNTolarCTflN aou-dong= Ebracket= setF= is= a= unique= structural= component= in= traditional= Chinese= timber= building.=According =to =the =historical =literatur =es =xNzI =aouJdong =had =been =set =up =the =top =of =column =to =bear =overhanging= roof= in= ancient= building= as= early= as= the= initial= stage= of= uiJwhou= aynasty= Earound= NMSS=B.C.F.=Because=of= the=various= functions=on=prettified=building’s=appearanceI= transferred=overhanging=loadI= and= dissipated= earthquake= energyI= aouJdong was= widely= used= in= ancient= significant= Chinese=buildingsI=such=as=palacesI=pagodasI=and=temples.=vingxian=timber=pagoda=built=in=A.a.NMRS=is=the=highest=wooden=pavilion=style=structure=in=China.=qhe=exquisite= bracket= sets= totaled= QQM= are= the= most= remarkable= components= of= the= pagoda= Ecig.=NF=xOz.=rndergone= numerous= strong= earthquakes= and= weather= erosion= nearly= a= thousand= yearsI= vingxian=timber=pagoda=is=severely=damaged=and=needs=to=be=repaired=urgently=xPz.=fn =this =research =the =representative =bracket =sets =in =vingxian =timber =pagoda =are =selected =as =the =investigating= objectI= and= physical= model= testing= method= is= adopted= to= ascertain= the= load= transfer=mechanism=and=deformation=character= of=aouJdong.= And=combined=with=the=application=of=program=AkpvpI= the= practical= generation= method= of= finite= element= model= of= aouJdong= based= on= energy=dissipation=by=friction=and=shear=is=discussed.=

=

================================================N=mrofessorI=Architectural=pcience=and=bngineering=CollegeI=vangzhou=rniversityI=ChinaI=yjl]yzu.edu.cn=O=draduate=ptudentI=Architectural=pcience=and=bngineering=CollegeI=vangzhou=rniversityI=ChinaI=

syPQMOTOURV]NSP.com=

PUS=

== ==

===============EaF=vingxian=timber=pagoda============================EbF=Bracket=sets=under=the=eaves=

cigK N Bracket=sets=in=vingxian=timber=pagoda=

=OK ClNcfdroATflN CeAoACTbo lc alr-dlNd OKNK Main types of aou-dong aouJdong= is= usually= set= between= column= and= floor= or= roof= in= ancient= wooden= structures.= aou= is=a=quadrate= block= member= with= grooveI= and= dong= is= a= bowed= cantilever= arm= member.= Based= on= the=construction= rule= these= block= members= and= cantilever= arm= members= are= tiered= vertically= and=horizontally=to=form=a=bracket=system.=qhe=number=of=layers=of=the=bracket=system=is=depended=on=the=overhanging=length=of=the=roofI=and=is=restricted=by=the=feudalistic=grade=of=the=traditional=buildings.=According= to= the=Construction oule in pong aynasty xQzI= aouJdong=is=mainly=classed= to=three= types=based=on=the=positions=of=bracket=set=and=columnsI=that=isI=Bracket=set=on=columnI=Bracket=set=between=columnsI=and=Bracket=set=on=corner=column.=qhe=representative=bracket=sets=in=vingxian=timber=pagoda=are=showed=in=cigure=O=xOz.==

=

cigK O=Bracket=sets=in=vingxian=timber=pagoda=xOz= OKOK Basic configuration of aou-dong cigure P= shows= the= basic= configuration= and= member= denomination= xQz= of= aouJdong= based= on= the=Construction oule in pong aynasty.=qhe=big=block=located=underlayer=of=aouJdong=is=Cap=blockI=the=Cap=block=with=cross=groove=for= placement= of= Axial=arm=and=clower= arm.= crom=bottom=layer= to= top=layerI=Axial=armI=iong=armI=lval=armI=and=oegular= arm=are=arranged=along=the=vertical=ordinate=of=building.= CorrespondinglyI =clower =armI =pecond =flower =armI =kose =armI =Angled =armI =and =pmall =tieJbeam=are=arranged=along=the=horizontal=ordinate=of=building.=qhe=bracket=arm=layers=are=supported=and=fixed=by=blocks=such=as=Connection=blockI=Center=blockI=and=bnd=block.=fn=the=one=layer=of=aouJdongI=two=crossed=bracket=arms=are=connected=by=means=of=mortise=and=tenonI=and=the=blocks=are=fixed=on=the=bracket=arms=by=wooden=dowel.=

PUT=

======== = = ==

====================EaF Assembled=model=of bracket=set EbF=aisassemble=model=of bracket=set =

cigK P=Basic=configuration=of=aouJdong.=N.=Cap=blockI=O.=Axial=armI=P.=clower=armI=Q.=iong=armI=R.=lval=armI=S.=pecond=flower=armI=T.=lval=armI=U.=iong=armI=V.=oegular=armI=NM.=kose=armI=NN.=Angled=armI=NO.=iong=armI======NP.=oegular=armI=NQ.=kose=armI=NR.=pmall=tieJbeamI=NS.=Connection=blockI=NT.=Center=blockI=NU.=bnd=block=

PK MbCeANfCAi molmboTY TbpT lc alr-dlNd PKNK Test scheme of physical model of aou-dong

PKNKNK aesign and fabrication of physical model qhree =typical =bracket =sets =at =the =key =positions =of =vingxian =timber =pagodaI =that =isI =Bracket =set =on =columnI =Bracket =set =between=columnsI =and=Bracket =set =on=corner =column=Ecig. =OFI =are =made=into=the=physical= models= on= the= scale= of= NWP= Ecig.= QF.= bach= physical= model= is= SVM= mm= tallI= the= detailed=dimensions =can =be =find =in =the =literatures =xSI =Tz.qhe =timber =of =model =is =red =pineI =and =the =assembled =units=are=listed=in=the=qable=N.==

=== === ====EaF=Bracket=set=on=column=============EbF=Bracket=set=between=columns======EcF=Bracket=set=on=corner=column=

cigK 4=mhysical=model=of=aouJdong=

Table N Assembled=units=of=physical=models=

jember=number= Bracket=set=on=column=

Bracket=set=between=columns=

Bracket=set=on=corner=column=

=alr=

Eblock=memberF=

Cap=block= N= N= N=Center=block= Q= Q= Q=bnd=block= NP= ON= PQ=Connection=block= T= T= NN=qotal= OR= PP= RM=

==dlkd=

Earm=memberF=

clower=arm= Q= U= Q=Axial=arm= N= N= O=iong=arm= P= P= S=lval=arm= Q= Q= U=oegular=arm= N= N= =qotal= NP= NT= OM=

PKNK2K ioading scheme qo= understand= the= load= transfer= mechanism= and= energy= dissipation= behavior= of= aouJdongI= the=horizontal=low=cyclic=loading=test=with=the=vertical=load=action=is=adopted.=According=to=the=cb=analysis=

PUU=

to=deadweight=load=of=main=floors=of=the=pagoda=xSzI=three=vertical=loadsI=NR=kkI=OO.R=kkI=and=PM=kkI=are= put= on= the=physical= modelI= which= are= corresponding= to= the= deadweight= loads= act= on= the= top= of=columns=at=fourth=floorI=third=floorI=and=second=floorI=respectively.=eorizontal=low=cyclic=test=is=controlled=by=displacement=act=on=the=Cap=block=of=the=model.=qhe=initial=value=of=the=displacement=is=PmmI=then=an=increment=of=P=mm=each=step=is=applied=up=to=NUmm.=qhe=cyclic=load=repeats=P=times=at=each=step=of=displacementsI=and=the=loading=speed=is=M.NR=mmLs.==PKNKPK ioading equipment and measure method qest=equipment=and=instruments=consist=of=cqp=servo=loading=test=systemI=hydraulic=pressure=jackI=and=displacement=sensors=Ecig.=RF.=fn=the=test=process=the=physical=model=is=upendedI=that=is=the=Cap=block=is=located=on=the=top=layerI=which=is=convenient=for=loading=and=fixation=of=the=model.=qhe=vertical=load=k=is=acted=on=the=geometric=center=of=bottom=side=of=Cap=block=and=loaded=by=hydraulic=pressure=jack.=qhe=vertical=displacementI siΔ I= is=measured=by=displacement= sensors=put=on=the=upside=of=every= layer.=qhe=horizontal= load= m= is=acted=on= the= lateral= side=of= Cap=block=and= loaded=by=cqp= servo=loading=test=system=along=the=horizontal=ordinate=of=model.=qhe=horizontal=displacementI eiΔ I=is=measured=by=displacement=meters=put=on=the=lateral=side=of=every=layer==Ecig.=RF.==

=== ==

===============EaF=bxperiment=equipment===============================EbF=pketch=map=of=load=and=measure=method==

cigK R=ioad=and=experiment=equipment==

PKOK Test result of physical model of alr-dlNd

PK2KNK aeformation and damage process of physical model auring=the=horizontal=low=cyclic=testI=the=block=members=of=the=modelI=such=as=Connection=blocks=and=bnd=blocksI= are= sliding=along= the=direction=of= horizontal= load.= Along=with= the= increase=of= horizontal=loadI=the=slippage=of=block=members=are=increaseI=some=flexual=deformations=and=small=cracks=can=be=found=in=the=arm=membersI=and=the=model=has=a=whole=turn=deformation.=then=the=control=horizontal=displacement eΔ is=around=NRmmI=the=obvious=cracks=can=be=found=in=arm=members=located=the=upper=layer=of=the=models.=qhe=test=is=stopped=with=the=horizontal=split=at=the=weak=internal=groove=of=Axial=arm=Ecig.=SF=when=the=control=horizontal=displacement eΔ reached=NU=mm.=qhe=Axial=arm=is=a=severe=damaged=member=in=each=physical=model=during=the=test.=Because=the=Axial=arm=borne=the=vertical=pressure=k=and=horizontal=shearing=force=m=transferred=from=Cap=blockI=and=the=extrusion=force=me transferred=from=clower=arm.=qhe=complicated=stress=condition=Ecig.=TF=induced=the=failure=that=horizontal=split=along=the=weak=internal=groove=of=Axial=arm.==

========= =

cigK S=eorizontal=split=of=Axial=arm================================cigK T=ioads=act=on=Axial=arm= PK2K2 eysteresis curve and skeleton curve of physical model qhe= emk Δ-- =hysteresis= curves= of= each= physical= model= under= three= vertical= loads= are= showed= in=figure=U.=qhe=energy=dissipation=property=of=aouJdong=can=be=concluded=from=cig.=UWNF=under=the=each=

PUV=

step=of=horizontal=displacement eiΔ I=the=decreases=of=bear=capacity=of=the=model=are=not=obvious=along=with= the= increase= of= cyclic= timesI= which= indicated= aouJdong= has= a= steady= capability= for= energy=dissipation.=OF=under=the=same=step=of=horizontal=displacement eiΔ I= the=frictionJshear= force=is= increase=with=the=vertical=loadI=so=the=horizontal=load=m=acted=on=the=alrJdlkd=is=increase=correspondingly.==cigure= V= shows= the= skeleton= curves= of= models= at= three= vertical= load= conditionsI= which= are= drawn=according=as=the=outline=of=corresponding=hysteresis=curve=in=figure=U.=By=comparison=of=these=skeleton=curves=in=figure=VI=it=can=be=found=the=lateral=displacement=stiffness=of=aouJdong=is=increase=with=the=vertical=load.=fn=additionI=the=lateral=displacement=stiffness=is=proportional=to=the=total=member=number=of= aouJdong= Esee= also= from= qable= NFI= in= stiffness= ascending= sequence= is= Bracket= set= on= columnI=Bracket=set=between=columnsI=and=Bracket=set=on=corner=column.==

== == ==

EaF=Bracket=set=on=column==

== == ==

EbF=Bracket=set=between=columns==

== == ==

EcF=Bracket=set=on=corner=column==

cigK U= eΔmk -- =hysteresis=curves=of=bracket=sets=under=horizontal=low=cyclic=loading===

==

==EaF=ioad=condition=N=Ek Z=NRk=kF====EbF=ioad=condition=O=Ek Z=OO.R=kkF======EcF=ioad=condition=P=Ek Z=PM=kkF==

cigK V=pkeleton=curves=of=bracket=sets=

PVM=

4K obpbAoCe ANa dbNboATflN lc cb Mlabi lc alr-dlNd 4KNK pimplification of structure of aou-dong qhe=structural=configuration=of=aouJdong=is=comparative=complex.=fn=order= to=generate=a=practicable=cb= analysis= modelI= it= is= necessary= to= simplify= the= structure= of= aouJdong= based= on= the= mechanical=property=and=connection=configuration=of=the=structural=members.=According= to= the= mechanical= character= of= aouJdong= that= vertical= load= transfer= by= the= cantilever=bracketsI= the=aouJdong= can=be= regarded= to= a= dimensional= multilayer= bracket= set= Ecig.= NMaF.= fn= this=bracket= setI= Cap=block=and=Center= blocks= located= on= the=vertical=central=axis= as= the=central=standingJpillarI= the=arm=member= as= the=cantilever= fixed=the=central= standingJpillarI= and=Connection=block=and=bnd=block=as=the=stowJwood=fixed=on=the=cantilevers.=Based =on =the =assembling =rule =of =aouJdong =tiered =the =block =and =arm =members =layer =by =layerI =each =bracket= layer=can=be=regarded=as=a=substructure=of=the=dimensional=multilayer=bracket=set.=qhe= ledge=joints=are=set=between=two=substructures=on=the=position=of=blocks= to= incarnate=the=function=of=energy=dissipation=by=friction=and=shear=Ecig.=NMbF.=qhe=ledge=joint=can=transfer=the=vertical=pressureI=shearing=force=and=horizontal=frictionI=but=can=not=transfer=the=pull=force=and=bending=moment.==

========================== ============================EaF aimensional=structure=of=bracket set ===EbF iayer substructure=of=bracket=set =

cigK NM pketch=map=of=simplified=structural=model=of=bracket=set =4KOK Material parameter of cb model qo=obtain=reasonable=material=parameter=of=the=cb=model=of=aouJdongI=it=is=important=to=consider=that=the= timber= is= a= typical= anisotropic= material.= qhe= main= material= parameters= to=be= ascertained= are= as=followsW=NF=aensity=and=moisson=ratio=of=the=timber.=OF=qhe=compressive=strength=and=elastic=modulus=at=across=grain=direction=of=timber.=PF=qhe=compressive=strength=and=elastic=modulus=at=parallel=grain=direction= of= timber.= QF= criction= coefficient= between= the= wooden= membersI= such= as= static= friction=coefficient=and=dynamic=friction=coefficient.=qhe=timber=of=physical=model=is=red=pineI=with=the=density=of=RQU=kgLmPI=and=the=moisson=ratio=is=M.NT.=qhe=compressive=strength=and=elastic=modulus=is=measured=by=axial=compression=test.=cigure=NN=shows=the=σ – ε==curve=of=timber=samples.=qo=simplify=the=hysteresis=behavior=analysis=of=cb=modelI=the=stress=–= strain=behavior= of= the=timber= is= described=by=bilinear= kinematic=hardening=model.= At= across=grain=direction=of=timberI=the=yield=stress=is=N.ST=jmaI=elastic=modulus=is=ONS=jmaI=and=hardening=modulus=is =P.U =jma. =At =parallel =grain =direction =of =timberI =the =yield =stress =is =OP.MU =jmaI =elastic =modulus =is =VMT=jmaI=and=hardening=modulus=is=QQ.T=jma.

============ ==

=======================EaF=Axial=compression=to=across=grain========================EbF=Axial=compression=to=parallel=grain==

cigK NN=σ – ε=curve=of=timber=under=axial=compression=

PVN=

qhe =friction =coefficient =of =timber =is =an =important =parameter =to =the =cb =model =based =on =energy =dissipation=by=frictionJshear.=Considering=the=relative=displacement=between=members=engendered=by=the=practical=horizontal=load=is=smallI=as=well=as=the=contact=interface=of=members=is=not=carefully=madeI=the= static= friction= coefficient= is= adopted= in= the=cb= model= for= structural= analysis.= qhe= static= friction=coefficient= of= timber= used= in= the= physical= models= is= measured= based= on= two= practical= contact=conditions=of=interfaces=xSzI=for=the=contact=condition=of=across=grain=to=parallel=grain=is=jr=Z=M.RNVI=and=for=the=contact=condition=of=parallel=grain=to=parallel=grain=is=jr=Z=M.QRR.==4KPK blement type of cb model fn=order=to=simulate=the=character=of=energy=dissipation=by=friction=and=shearI=it=is=necessary=to=adopt=three=dimension=solid=element=and=set=“contactJtarget”=pair on=the=contact= interface=between=members=for= the= generation= of= cb= model= of= aouJdong.= fn= this= simulation= and= analysis= investigationI= the=program= Akpvp= is= adoptedI= three= dimension= solid= element= plifaQR= is= used= to= generate= block=members=and=arm=membersI=and=contact= element=ClkqANTP=and=target= element=qAodbNTM=are=set=on=every=contact=interface=between=block=member=and=arm=member=Ecig.=NOF.=qhe= contact= element= ClkqANTP= should= be= set= along= inner= surface= of= block= member.= qhe= target=element =qoAdbNTM=can=be=set =on=the=possible =slip =area=of =arm=member=to=reduce=the=total =element =number= of= the= model= and= increase= the= analysis= efficiency.= According= to= the= observation= value= from=physical= model= test= and= considering= a= moderate= slippage= incrementI= the= double= covered= length= of=block =EOiFI =that =is =a =covered =length =EiF =superadd =the =respective =half =length =EiLOF =at =foreside =and =backside=of=blockI=is=adopted=as=the=length=of=slid=area.==

= =cigK NO=petting=of=contact=element=and=target=element=

=RK AmmifCATflN lc cb Mlabi lc alr-dlNd RKNK deneral situation of cb model of aou-dong fn= this= research= the= Bracket= set= on= column= is= selected= as= the= example= to= generate= cb= modelI= and=program=Akpvp=is=adopted=to=simulate=the=mechanical=behavior=according=as=the=progress=of=physical=model=test=introduced=in=above=paragraphs.=qhe=cb=model=of=Bracket=set=is=composed=of=four=substructure=layers=Ecig.=NPF.=ft=is=generated=by=three=dimension=solid=element=plifaQRI=with=total=NQOISVP=mesh=elements=when=the=mesh=size=level=of=S=is=set.=qhe=contactJtarget=pairI=composed=of=contact=element=ClkqANTP=and=target=element=qAodbNTMI=is =defined =on =the =every =contact =interface =between =block =member =and =arm =memberI =with =total =RISOQ =mesh=elements=in=the=cb=model.==RKOK cb analysis and simulation to physical model test fn=order=to=simulate=the=practical=loading=condition=of=physical=model=test=Ecig.=RFI=the=cb=model=is=still=upended=and=the=freedoms=of=fourth=layer=at=xI=y=and=z=direction=are=restricted.=qhe=vertical=load=and=horizontal= load=are=acted= on= the=Cap=blockI= and= the=concentrated= load= is= converted= into= the=uniform=load=to=avoid=the=occurrence=of=stress=singularity=point.=qhree=vertical= load=conditionsI= ENF=k=Z =NR =kkI =EOF =k=Z= OO.R= kk=and= EPF= k=Z =PM =kkI =are =used =in =cb =analysis=and=simulation=by=Akpvp.=rnder=each=condition=the=horizontal=load=is=increased=step=by=step=to= the= scheduled= displacementI= and= the=corresponding= horizontal= load=and=energy=dissipation=area= of=the=cb=model=at=each=control=displacement eΔ are=checked.=cigure=NQaJNQc=show=the=hysteresis=curves=of=cb=model=under=three=loading=conditions.=Along=with=the=increase= of= vertical= load= kI= the= horizontal= load= m= acted= on= the= model= to= reach= the= control=

PVO=

displacement eΔ is=increaseI=and=plump=degree=of=hysteresis=curve=of=the=model=is=also=increaseI=which=indicates= this= cb= model= is= similar= to= the= physical= model= of= aouJdong= on= the= function= of= energy=dissipation=by=friction=and=shear.=qhe=horizontal=loads=need=to=be=acted=on=the=cb=model=and=physical=model= to=reach=the=same=control=displacement=are=listed=in=qable=O=respectivelyI=and=the=calculated=energy=dissipation=values=according=as=the=area=of=hysteresis=curve=are=listed=in=qable=P.=qhe=comparison=of=analysis=value=and=test=value=is=demonstrated= that= this= cb= model= can= be= effectively= used= to= analyze= and= simulate= the= mechanical=behavior=of=aouJdong.===

========== == =========================================EaF=mhysical=model=======================================EbF=cb=model==

cigK NP=jodel=of=Bracket=set=on=kolumn==

===== ===== ==========EaF=sertical=load=k Z=NR=kk=============EbF=sertical=load=k Z=OO.R=kk==============EcF=sertical=load=k Z=PM=kk=

cigK N4=eysteresis=curves=of=cb=model=of=Bracket=set=on=column==

Table O=eorizontal=loads=acted=on=Bracket=set=on=column=at=control=displacementsI=kk==

= ioad=condition=

Control=displacementI= eiD =S=mm= V=mm= NO=mm= NR=mm= NU=mm=

mhysical=model=Eeorizontal=load==L=kkF=

（N）= R.NQ= S.NQ= S.QT= S.VU= did=not=test=

（O）= R.QQ= S.VM= T.VR= U.OQ= U.UT=

（P）= S.OO= T.PQ= U.OO= U.TU= V.PV=

cb=model=Eeorizontal=load==L=kkF=

（N）= Q.TQ= S.MO= S.SQ= S.VN= T.PS=

（O）= R.TN= T.NU= T.VR= U.PO= U.SU=

（P）= S.PT= T.TQ= U.PS= U.ST= U.US==

Table P=bnergy=dissipation=value=of=Bracket=set=on=column=at=control=displacementsI=kkJmm==

= ioad=condition=

Control=displacementI= eiD =S=mm= V=mm= NO=mm= NR=mm= NU=mm=

mhysical=model=Ebnergy=dissipation==L=kkJmmF=

（N）= NRP.RR= PVP.VU= TPT.QM= NNQQ.QM= did=not=test=

（O）= NRV.NM= QMT.TN= TRU.SV= NOQP.RV= NVVS.MT=

（P）= NSM.VR= QQQ.NS= UQN.QQ= NPUU.QO= ONVV.RT=

cb=model=Ebnergy=dissipation==L=kkJmmF=

（N）= QU.NM= OON.UR= SNM.RM= NNNS.TO= NVMM.SV=

（O）= RN.UM= OSM.NM= SUO.MU= NOSO.QS= ONNM.UV=

（P）= RS.QP= OVM.TM= TSV.NO= NPQN.MV= OPOM.VV=

PVP=

SK ClNCirpflN =qhis= research= ascertained= the= load= transfer= mechanism= and= deformation= character= of= aouJdong= by=physical= model= test.= rnder= the= action= of= horizontal= low= cyclic= load= and= vertical= loadI= the= lateral=displacement= stiffness=of= the=aouJdong= is= increase=with= the=vertical= loadI= the=combination=of=whole=turn=and=relative=slide=between=layers=is=the=main=deformation=character=of=aouJdongI=and=the=friction=and=shear=on=interface=between=members=of=aouJdong=is=an=important=means=to=energy=dissipation. According=as=the=mechanical=character=and=construction=rule=of=aouJdongI=this=research=proposed=the=practical= generation= method= of= cb= model= of= aouJdong.= fn= this= cb= model= the= dimensional= bracket=layer= substructure= is= adopted= to= incarnate= the= basic= character= of= loads= transfer= of= aouJdongI= and=“contactJtarget”=pair is =set =on=the=interface=between=block=member=and=arm=member=to=carry=out =the=function=of=energy=dissipation.==A=typical=cb=model=of=Bracket=set=on=column=has=been=generated=by=program=AkpvpI=and=the=whole=loading= processes= of= corresponding= physical= model= test= have= been= simulated= and= analyzed.= qhe=analysis=result=indicated=that=this=cb=model=with=perfect=simulation=function=for=frictionJshear=actionI=it=is= effectively= to=describe= the=mechanics=behavior= of= the=aouJdong=under= the=action=of= vertical= load=together= with= horizontal= cyclic= loadI= and= can= be= applied= to= seismic= behavior= study= for= the= timber=structure=of=traditional=Chinese=building.=

AChNltibadbMbNTp =qhis=research=are=supported=by=fnternational=Cooperation=mroject=of=pinoJftalian=pCq=goint=Commission=EOMMSJORkF=and=kation=katural=pcience=coundation=of=China=ERNMTUPOPF.= obcbobNCbp xNz= ifr=aunzhen.= ENVUQF=eistory=of=Ancient=Chinese=Architecture=Esersion=ffF.=China=Architecture=

C=Building=mressI=Beijing. xOz= Cebk=jingda.=EOMMNF=qhe=vingxian=qimber=magoda.=Cultural=oelics=mressI=Beijing.=xPz= if=qieyingI=et=al.=EOMMRF=Appraisal=on=the=ptructure=of=the=vingxian=tooden=qower.=China=Civil=

bngineering=gournalI=sol.=PUEOFW=RNJRU.=xQz= bdit=by=ii=gieI=Calibrate=by=wou=nichan.=EOMMSF=vfkdJwAlJcAJpef=EConstruction=oule=in=pong=

aynastyFI=qhe=meople=mressI=Beijing.=xRz= ur= Boan.= ENVUUF= aouJdong.= bncyclopedia= of= China= EArchitecture= solumeFI= bncyclopedia= of=

China=mublishing=eouseI=Beijing.=xSz= tAkd=gue.=EOMMUF=qhe=kumerical=pimulation=and=pecurity=Appraisal=of=qensioning=–=replacement=

jethod= for= qorsional= and= fnclined= aeformation= of= vingxian= tooden= qower.= aissertation= of=vangzhou=rniversityI=China.=

xTz= Cebk= tei.= EOMNMF= jechanical= mroperty= and= pimplified= Analysis= jodel= of= aouJdong= of=vingxian=tooden=qower.=aissertation=of=vangzhou=rniversityI=China.=