PITUITARY GLANDPeriod 1 HAP Ryan Mason, Jennifer Stern & Sachie Kakehi
Function Of Endocrine System Function: A group of glands that secrete
various hormones that produce/regulate/stimulate growth/development and reproduction
Importance: Without it—no development or changes in bodies and normal body functions disrupted
Anterior Pituitary Posterior Pituitary
Location
Location
Location
In Relation to Important Glands
Function
Nickname: Master Gland Hormones influence: growth, sexual
development, skin pigmentation, thyroid function, and adrenocortical function
Directs organs and endocrine glands to suppress or induce hormone production
Production of hormones that act on other endocrine glands, the muscles, and the kidneys
Storage of hormones produced by the hypothalamus
Function“Master Gland”
Hormones the Gland in responsible For
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Oxytocin Vasopressin Numerous Sex Hormones
The Pituitary gland is also responsible for producing hormones that aid in growth, maturation, and sex characteristics
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroxin, by binding to the G-protein-coupled receptors on the surface of the thyroid cells
Vasopressin
Collects in the kidneys to stimulate reabsorption of water into the blood. Acts to reduce the volume of urine formed
“antidiuretic hormone” (ADH)
Oxytocin
Acts on some smooth muscle Stimulates the contractions of the uterus at birth Stimulates the release of milk in mothers
Enhances bonding of males and females, mother and newborn, increases trust
Diseases -Acromegaly
Hormonal disorder that develops when pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone during adulthood
Causes Growth Hormone produces too much
Insulin-like growth factor-I Symptoms
Bone increases size, Coarse oily thickened skin, Headaches, impaired vision, fatigue and muscle weakness
Treatment Surgery, medication, radiation
(reduce GH levels)
Diseases –Pituitary Tumor
Tumors in your pituitary gland that can higher or lower the production of hormones
Causes Unknown
Symptoms Headaches, vision loss, nausea &
vomiting, weakness, less frequent/ no menstrual periods, body hair loss, sexual dysfunction, increased urination, unintended weight loss/ gain
Treatment Various options
surgery
Interesting Facts!Did you know???
The pituitary gland is about the size of a pea
Richard Kiel who played in one of the James Bond movies had Acromegaly
Once acromegaly is treated with surgery, your feet, hand and face may shrink a little but your body will not go back to the regular size
Citations
Human Hormone. N.p., 19 Apr. 2012. Web. 10 Mar. 2013. <http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/H/HormoneTable.html>.
Mayo Clinic Staff. "Acromegaly." Mayo Clinic. N.p., 5 Feb. 2013. Web. 10 Mar. 2013. <http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/acromegaly/DS00478>.
- - -. "Pituitary Tumors." Mayo Clinic. N.p., 14 Nov. 2012. Web. 10 Mar. 2013. <http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/pituitary-tumors/DS00533/DSECTION=causes>.
"Pituitary Functions & Hormones." UCLA. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Mar. 2013. <http://neurosurgery.ucla.edu/body.cfm?id=432>.
The Pituitary Gland. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Mar. 2013. <http://thepituitaryglandcasestudy.weebly.com/interesting-facts.html>.
Shmaefsky, Brian R. Applied Anatomy & Physiology A Case Study Approach. N.p.: Paradigm, 2007. Print.
Citations
Pictures http://www.aahs.org/aamcmag/homepage.php?id=29 http://heroeswiki.com/User:Vampirate68/Metal_Mouth http://endocrinesurgery.ucla.edu/patient_education_adm_tst_ts
h_test.html http://www.emedicinehealth.com/thyroid_problems/article_em.
htm
http://www.cvphysiology.com/Blood%20Pressure/BP016.htm http://animalsciences.missouri.edu/reprod/notes/endocrin/oxyt
ocin.htm
http://obgyn.uams.edu/?id=6377&sid=19
http://faculty.stcc.edu/AandP/AP/AP2pages/Units14to17/endocrine/hypothal.htm
http://www.trinity.edu/lespey/biol3449/lectures/lect7/lect7.htm http://www.centerforhealthandhealing.org/what-are-hormones/
index.htm
Concept Checks
1. Which two portions are the pituitary gland split in?A. Anterior and posteriorB. Medial and LateralC. Up and Down
2. Which hormone reduces the volume of urine formed?A. Thyroid Stimulating hormoneB. OxytocinC. Vasopressin
3. Which disease produces too much growth hormone during adulthood?
A. AcromegalyB. HypopituaritismC. Pituitary Tumor
4. Why is the Pituitary Gland called the Master Gland?It is because the pituitary gland produces many numerous hormones which control most of the other endocrine glands.