Cell Structure & Function
http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html
Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life
functions.
Wednesday 10/1/14
Learning Target:Know the structure and function of the
cell organelles.Learning Outcome:
I will complete flashcard of cell organelles.
What are the 3 parts of the cell theory?
Examples of CellsAmoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Bacteria
“Typical” Animal Cell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
“Typical” Plant Cell
Cell Parts
Organelles – inside the cell
1. Nucleus • Controls cell processes – contains DNA
2. Nuclear Membrane
•Surrounds nucleus•Made of two layers•Provides support and protection for the nucleus
3. Chromatin• In nucleus• Made of DNA +
Protein which gives us chromosomes.
• Contain instructions for traits & characteristics
• (looks like cooked spaghetti)
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
4. Nucleolus• Inside nucleus• Produces ribosomes
for the cell (pink center in the drawing)
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
5.Nuclear Pores
• Holes which allow material to move into or out of the nucleus.
6.Cytoplasm• Fluid-like mixture• Supports the cell organelles.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• 7.Smooth type (SER): lacks ribosomes. Contains enzymes to make lipids.
• 8.Rough type (RER) (pictured): ribosomes embedded in surface. Lipids and proteins are assembled for export from the cell.
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
9.Ribosomes• Each cell contains
thousands• Make proteins• Found on endoplasmic
reticulum & floating throughout the cell
• VERY SMALL!!
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
10.Mitochondria• Powerhouse of the cell• Converts the energy in
food to the energy that the cell can use (ATP).
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
11.Golgi Bodies• Modify, sort and
package protein.• Looks like a stack of
pancakes.
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
12.Lysosome• Contain enzymes to
break down proteins, fats, and carbs.
• Garbage collector of the cell.
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
13. Vacuoles• Membrane-bound
sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal
• Contains water solution
• Help plants maintain shape
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
14. Chloroplast• Usually found in plant
cells• Converts sunlight into
plant food.• Where
photosynthesis takes place
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
15.Centrioles
• Aid in cell division –only 2 in cell
• Only found in animal cells.
Cytoskeleton
• 16. Microtubules – maintain cell shape and help form the spindle in cell division. (hollow)
• 17. Microfilaments – aid in movement and support. (solid)
18. Cell Wall
• Provides support and protection for a plant cell. Found only in plants.
19. Cell membrane
• Regulates what enters and leaves a cell• Provides protection and support for the
cell