SPONSORING ORGANIZATIONSQNDE ProgramsAir Force Research LaboratoryArmy Research LaboratoryAmerican Society of Nondestructive Testing (ASNT)AMES Laboratory of the Department of EnergyFederal Aviation Administration (FAA)National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)National Science Foundation (NSF)Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers
CD INCLUDED IN VOLUME 32B
Melville, New York, 2013
AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 1511
EDITORSDonald O. Thompson
Dale E. Chimenti
Iowa State University, Ames, IA
REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN
QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATIONDenver, Colorado, USA 15 – 20 July 2012
VOLUME 32A
Editors
ISBN 978-0-7354-1129-6 (Set) (Original Print)ISBN 978-0-7354-1130-2 (Volume A) (Original Print)ISBN 978-0-7354-1131-9 (Volume B) (Original Print)ISBN 978-0-7354-1132-6 (CD)ISSN 0094-243XPrinted in the United States of America
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Donald O. ThompsonDale E. Chimenti
Iowa State UniversityAmes, IA 50011-3041
E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
AIP Conference Proceedings, Volume 1511The 39th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive
Evaluation
Table of Contents
Preface
PART A
SCOPE OF NDE MEASUREMENTS
NDE measurements for understanding of performance: A few case studies on engineering components, human health and cultural heritage
ADVANCES IN NDE MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY
Advances in digital industrial radiology - New application areas beyond film radiography
Ultrasonic arrays in NDE: Beyond the B-scan
CHAPTER 1
ELASTIC AND INELASTIC WAVES
Section A. Ultrasonic Modeling
Guided wave-based J-integral estimation for dynamic stress intensity factors using 3D scanning laser Doppler vibrometry
Using singularities to detect and describe a notch in a pipe
A study of helical Lamb wave propagation on two hollow cylinders with imperfect contact conditions
A parallel mixed 3D grid/explicit FEM scheme for computing elastic wave propagation on a GPU using an irregular mesh
Unit cell finite element modelling for ultrasonic scattering from periodic surfaces
Forward and backscatter energy field patterns from localized damage sites
Nonlinear interaction of ultrasonic waves with a crack of different orientations
Section B. Guided Waves— Mostly Fundamentals
A novel approach of using the elastodynamic reciprocity for guided wave problems
A boundary element formulation for the computation of damped guided waves
Guided wave signal transport in curved and tapered plates
Scattering of guided waves from complex defects in plates in pipes
Anomalous dispersion of cylindrical longitudinal guided modes
Higher harmonic guided waves in isotropic weakly non-linear elastic plates
Strongly cumulative second harmonic generation in a plate with quadratic nonlinearity: Finite element simulation
Permanently installed guided wave pipeline monitoring
Ultrasonic waves guided by transverse bends in plates subjected to symmetric axial excitation
Studies on the influence of axial bends on ultrasonic guided waves in hollow cylinders (pipes)
Energy and power modeling of multi mode Lamb waves propagating in structure bonded with piezoelectric wafer active sensors
Hybrid modal/FE simulation of guided waves inspections
Section C. Guided Waves— Applications
Guided wave mode pairs for transmissibility in adhesively bonded metal plates
Ultrasonic guided wave inspection of an interface between an anisotropic layer and a metallic half space
Amplitude controlled array transducers for mode selection and beam steering of guided waves in plates
Planar shear horizontal guided wave inspection of a plate using piezoelectric fiber transducers
Field measurement of guided wave modes in rail track
Analysis of guided wave scattering due to defects in rails using a hybrid FE-safe method
Section D. Guided Waves—Structural Health Monitoring
Impact source location of composites using a single sensor and time reversal technique
Planar guided waves for SHM of plate structures using piezoelectric fiber transducers
Efficient baseline gathering and damage detection in guided wave structural health monitoring
Long term stability and expected performance of a guided wave SHM system
Ultrasonic vibration for structural health monitoring
Crack detection on wind turbine blades in an operating environment using vibro-acoustic modulation technique
Delay-and-sum technique for localization of active sources in cylindrical objects
Lamb wave structural health monitoring using frequency-wavenumber analysis
Investigation of waviness in wind turbine blades: Structural health monitoring
Section E. Laser/Optical Based Ultrasonics
Measurement of depth of surface cracks in concrete by laser ultrasonic technique with multichannel detector
Laser generation and detection for surface wave interaction with different defect geometries
Developments in signal processing and interpretation in laser tapping
Optical generation of high amplitude laser generated surface acoustic waves
Laser shockwave technique for characterization of nuclear fuel plate interfaces
Robotic laser-ultrasonic inspection of composites
Optical detection of ultrasound using an apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy system
Detection of open and partially closed surface defects in plates using ultrasonic enhancement
Optical excitation of narrowband Rayleigh surface waves for second harmonic generation
Section F. Coda Waves
Stress- and damage-induced changes in coda wave velocities in concrete
Influence of small temperature variations on the ultrasonic velocity in concrete
Study of concrete's behavior under 4-point bending load using Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI) analysis
LOCADIFF: Locating a weak change with diffuse ultrasound
Physical relation between coda wave analysis and fabric change in multiphase, granular material
Numerical simulation and analytical solution for plane waves focused by a parabolic reflector
CHAPTER 2
ELECTROMAGNETICS, THERMOGRAPHICS, AND THERMOSONICS
Section A. Eddy Current—Mostly Modeling
Eddy current mapping inside a plane conductor with flaws
Modeling and simulation of crack detection for underwater structures using an ACFM method
BEM modeling for ECT simulation of complex narrow cracks in multilayered structures
Investigation of acoustic fields generated by eddy currents using an atomic force microscope
Role of varying interface conditions on the eddy current response from cracks in multilayer structures
Section B. Eddy Current—Techniques and Probes
Eddy current NDE performance demonstrations using simulation tools
Saturated low frequency eddy current technique applied to phases characterization in duplex stainless steel
Low frequency EC-GMR detection of cracks at ferromagnetic fastener sites in thick layered structure
Development of flexible array eddy current probes for complex geometries and inspection of magnetic parts using magnetic sensors
Finite element modeling of magnetic bias eddy current probe interaction with ferromagnetic materials
Eddy current imager based on bobbin-type Hall sensor arrays for nondestructive evaluation in small-bore piping system
Section C. Thermographics and Thermosonics
The application of finite element analysis to investigate the vibrational response of a turbine blade under thermosonic excitation
Improvements on FEA with a two-step simulation of experimental procedures in turbine blade crack detection in sonic IR NDE
Damage threshold study of sonic IR imaging on carbon-fiber reinforced laminated composite materials
Study the effect of engagement force of ultrasound transducer on crack detectability in sonic IR imaging
Simulations and measurements of artificial cracks and pits in flat stainless steel plates using tone burst eddy-current thermography (TBET)
Prospects of pulse phase thermography for finding disbonds in CFRP-sandwich parts with aluminum honeycomb cores compared to ultrasonic
Passive and active thermography for in situ damage monitoring in woven composites during mechanical testing
A fast lock-in infrared thermography implementation to detect defects in composite structures like wind turbine blades
Transient thermography testing of unpainted thermal barrier coating surfaces
Induction thermography for non-destructive evaluation of adhesive bonds
Real view thermography
Section D. X-Ray CT and Terahertz NDE
High resolution X-ray micro-CT of ultra-thin wall space components
Influence of terahertz waves on the fiber direction of CFRP composite laminates
CHAPTER 3
SIGNAL PROCESSING, DEFECT DETECTION AND SIZING
Section A. Signal Processing
Design of advanced automatic inspection system for turbine blade FPI analysis
Probabilistic fatigue life prediction using ultrasonic inspection data considering equivalent initial flaw size uncertainty
Lamb wave mode decomposition using annular transducers and quadrature signals
Estimation of guided wave scattering matrices from spatially distributed transducer arrays (poster winner)
GPU based numerical modeling for eddy current non-destructive evaluation
Storage strategies of eddy-current FE-BI model for GPU implementation
Pulsed terahertz inspection of non-conducting sandwich composites
Section B. Defect Detection
Detection of plate components defects by surface wave based on transducer arrays
Parametrical study of flaw detection in polycrystalline materials by reducing the multiple scattering contribution
Multi-level damage detection with nonlinear ultrasonic methods (poster winner)
Section C. Imaging, Tomography, and Reconstruction
Evolution of image processing methods for pulsed thermal imaging
Enhanced image processing methods for GMR array inspections of multilayer metallic structures
Multi-path guided wave imaging for in situ monitoring of complex structures
Ultrasonic quantitative imaging with limited view arrays
Ultrasonic multi-skip tomography for pipe inspection
High resolution guided wave tomography
Guided wave travel time tomography for bends
Annular plate inspection using guided wave tomography
Inversion of tone burst eddy current thermography data for defect sizing - A simulation study
Numerical analysis of angular defects in bent plates using tone burst eddy-current thermography (TBET)
Progress in defect quantification in multi-layered structures using ultrasonic inspection
GPU implementation of simultaneous iterative reconstruction techniques for computed tomograpy
Amplitude-independent flaw length determination using differential eddy current
CHAPTER 4
ULTRASONIC PHASED ARRAYS AND ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCERS
Section A. Phased Arrays
New designs of ultrasonic 2D array probes
Design by simulation of the UT array inspection of a nozzle with a flexible probe: Definition of 3D trajectories and focusing parameters
Surface-Adaptive Ultrasound (SAUL) for phased-array inspection of composite specimens with curved edges and complex geometry
NDT process using Lamb waves generated/detected by ultrasonic phased array probes for the defect detection in metallic and composite plates
Comparison of ultrasonic array imaging algorithms for non-destructive evaluation
Phased array ultrasonic processing for enhanced and affordable diagnosis
Defects detection in thin components using two-dimensional ultrasonic arrays
Characterization of inhomogeneous and anisotropic steel welds by ultrasonic array measurements
Noise filtering in the total focusing method by decomposition of the time reversal operator and the virtual array approach
A new speckle noise suppression technique using cross-correlation of array sub-apertures in ultrasonic NDE of coarse grain materials
Forming non-diffracting beams using a 2D matrix phased array probe
Root crack sizing using phased array inspections and autoregressive spectral extrapolation signal processing
Rail weld inspection using phased array ultrasonics
Equivalent flaw time-of-flight diffraction sizing with ultrasonic phased arrays
Section B. Ultrasonic Transducers
New developments in EMAT techniques for surface inspection
Mode conversion of torsional waves generated by electromagnetic acoustic transducer
Design and some practical applications of ultrasonic transducers with axicon lenses
Pencil beam generation from a focused tranducer
Transducer pressure waveform and signal on screen simulation: Part 1
Transducer pressure waveform and signal on screen simulation: Part 2
PART B
CHAPTER 5
ENGINEERED MATERIALS
Section A. Fibrous Composites
Microcracking in composite laminates: Simulation of crack-induced ultrasound attenuation
Modeling the effects of beam size and flaw morphology on ultrasonic pulse/echo sizing of delaminations in carbon composites
Local guided wavefield analysis for characterization of delaminations in composites
Micro-crack ultrasound scattering in anisotropic composite laminates
Computational modeling of micro-crack induced attenuation in CFRP composites
Damage characterization of carbon/epoxy laminates using compression-after-impact (CAI) and ultrasonic NDE
Ultrasonic assessment of bonding integrity in foam-based hybrid composite materials
Impact damage detection in sandwich composite structures using Lamb waves and laser vibrometry
Characterization of delaminations and transverse matrix cracks in composite laminates using multiple-angle ultrasonic inspection
Effective dynamic moduli and density of fiber-reinforced composites
Quantitative ultrasonic guided wave testing of composites
Inspection and evaluation of dry fibers in thick composites
Section B. NDE for Welds
A comparative study of ray tracing and CIVA simulation for ultrasonic examination of anisotropic inhomogeneous austenitic welds
Ultrasonic imaging of welds using boundary reflections
A new application of laser vibrometric wave field propagation measurements: Grain structure visualization
Inspection of laser welds with array eddy current technique
Evaluation of ray-based methods for the simulation of UT welds inspection
Ultrasonic beam focusing on a defect in anisotropic inhomogeneous media
Sensitivity analysis of an ultasonic inspection of a weld structure simulated with the finite element code ATHENA2D
New international Program to Assess the Reliability of Emerging Nondestructive Techniques (PARENT)
The software application and classification algorithms for welds radiograms analysis
New requirements for digital radiographic testing of welds according to ISO standards
Ultrasonic C-scan evaluation of Ti-alloy/Al brazed joint
Section C. Coatings
Non-destructive evaluation of degradation in EB-PVD thermal barrier coatings by infrared reflectance spectroscopy
CHAPTER 6
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
Section A. Properties and Microstructure
Focused acoustic beam imaging of grain structure and local Young’s modulus with Rayleigh and surface skimming longitudinal waves
Measurement of elastic constants of a thin metal sheet with guided waves based EMAT system
Quantitative assessment of thermal diffusion using NDE
Modeling ultrasonic noise and attenuation in elongated duplex polycrystalline materials
Characterization and modeling of ultrasonic structural noise in the multiple scattering regime
Reconstruction of temperature distribution in a steel block using an ultrasonic sensor array
Simple measurement of electromagnetic properties of steel in the Rayleigh domain
Characterization of the magnetic micro- and nanostructure in unalloyed steels by magnetic force microscopy
Evaluation of microstructural damage and alteration of polytypes to determine the aging of silicon carbide
Section B. Plastic Deformation and Fatigue Damage
Regulation of residual stress in elastic solid component with high-energy acoustic field
Detecting plastic strain distribution by a nonlinear wave mixing method
Improving practical nonlinear measurements by modeling of the ultrasonic field
Effects of cold work on near-surface conductivity profiles in laser shock peened and shot peened nickel-base superalloy
Noncontact nonlinear resonant ultrasound spectroscopy to evaluate creep damage in an austenitic stainless steel
Nonlinear acoustic measurements ahead of a notch during fatigue
Pre-crack fatigue life assessment of relevant aircraft materials using fractal analysis of eddy current test data
Ultrasonic absortion in fatigued materials
Section C. Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking
Computational modeling to enhance NDE experimental assessment of high temperature corrosion damage of near surface furnace/reactor structural material
NDE evaluation of the intergranular corrosion susceptibility of a 2205 duplex stainless steel using thermoelectric power and double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation methods
Could non-destructive methodologies enhance the microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) in pipeline systems?
Eddy current measurement system evaluation for corrosion depth determination on cast aluminum aircraft structure
Characterization of damage due to stress corrosion cracking in carbon steel using nonlinear surface acoustic waves (poster winner)
Section D. Civil Materials and Structures—Mostly Concrete
Air-coupled detection of the S1-ZGV lamb mode in a concrete plate based on backward wave propagation
Nondestructive evaluation of the complex modulus master curve of asphalt concrete specimens
Evaluation of near surface material degradation in concrete using nonlinear Rayleigh surface waves
Ultrasonic slow dynamics to probe concrete aging and damage
A chemo-mechanical model for the acoustic nonlinearity change in concrete with alkali-silica reactions
Understanding the impulse response method applied to concrete bridge decks
Ground penetrating radar applied to rebar corrosion inspection
Eddy current inspection of concrete embedded steel elements
Electromagnetic evaluation of reinforced concrete structure
Development of seismology-based acoustic emission methods for civil infrastructure applications
Evaluation of eddy current and magnetic techniques for inspecting rebars in bridge barrier rails
Acoustic emission source mechanisms for steel bridge material
Non-invasive means of detecting subterranean border crossing tunnels
CHAPTER 7
NEW TECHNIQUES, SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND SYSTEMS
FOR NUCLEAR REACTORS
Section A. New Techniques
Models for process compensated resonant testing (PCRT) of silicon nitride balls
Graphics processing unit (GPU)-based computation of heat conduction in thermally anisotropic solids
Ultrasonic NDE of titanium diffusion bonds using signal phase
Guided wave propagation study in an ACSR cable with artificial damage
Inspection of helicopter rotor blades with the help of guided waves and "turning modes": Experimental and finite element analysis
Ultrasonic monitoring of pitting corrosion
Real time monitoring of electroless nickel plating
Ultrasonic measurements of velocity for modulus assessment of a material using a delay line approach
Ultrasonic scatterer detection in a pipe under operating conditions using singular value decomposition
Nonlinear acoustic effects in multilayer ceramic capacitors
High resolution mechano-optical method for acoustic field measurements in air
Moisture content monitoring in a high-pressure gasket material using an RF method
Hall coefficient measurement for nondestructive materials characterization
Faraday induction effect applied to the detection of defects in a moving plate
Magnetic flux leakage: Experimental and numerical study of the influence of induced currents
Nondestructive thermoelectric evaluation of the grit blasting induced effects in metallic biomaterials
Section B. New Sensors
A plate waveguide design for ultrasonic flow measurements in hostile environments
Ultrasonic waveguide transducer for high temperature testing of ceramic honeycomb
Development of a novel ultrasonic temperature probe for long-term monitoring of dry cask storage systems
Ferroelectret transducers for air-coupled ultrasonic testing of fiber-reinforced polymers
A resonance-free nano-film airborne ultrasound emitter
Electromagnetic characterization of metallic sensory alloy
Evaluation of an electric field sensor for nondestructive material inspection
GMR sensing array technique validation study for the inspection of multi-layer metallic structures
Pressure effects on the temperature sensitivity of fiber Bragg gratings
An interdigital capacitive sensor for quantitative characterization of wire insulation
Design and characterization of planar capacitive imaging probe based on the measurement sensitivity distribution
Design of interdigital spiral and concentric capacitive sensors for materials evaluation
Bio-inspired sensory membrane: Fabrication processes for full-scale implementation
Section C. New NDE Systems
A wireless data acquisition system for acoustic emission testing
Ultrasonic inspection of rocket fuel model using laminated transducer and multi-channel step pulser
Instrumentation development for electrical conductivity imaging in polycrystalline diamond cutters
Portable automated imaging in complex ceramics with a microwave interference scanning system
Vector magnetic field camera for permanent magnets inspection
Evaluation of an automatic system for detection and positioning of small pore defects using digital radiography
Advances in inspection automation
Section D. New NDE Systems for Nuclear Reactors
Qualification requirements of guided ultrasonic waves for inspection of piping in light water reactors
Performance test of a plate-type ultrasonic waveguide sensor in sodium
Selecting a radiation tolerant piezoelectric material for nuclear reactor applications
Fabrication and modeling of bismuth titanate-PZT ceramic transducers for high temperature applications
Simplified modeling of liquid sodium medium with temperature and velocity gradient using real thermal-hydraulic data. Application to ultrasonic thermometry in sodium fast reactor
Optical fiber technique for in-reactor mechanical properties measurement
Use of first order reversal curve measurements to understand Barkhausen noise emission in nuclear steel
A Bayesian quantitative nondestructive evaluation (QNDE) approach to estimating remaining life of aging pressure vessels and piping
CHAPTER 8
POD AND RELIABILITY, BENCHMARKING, AND CHALLENGES
Section A. POD and Reliability
Methods for planning a statistical POD study
Bayesian methods in probability of detection estimation and model-assisted probability of detection evaluation
A Bayesian approach for the determination of POD curves from empirical data merged with simulation results
A new approach of confidence in POD determination using simulation
Stochastic collocation method for higher dimensional NDE problems with tensor product grids
Stochastic-integral models for propagation-of-uncertainty problems in nondestructive evaluation
Data registration for automated non-destructive inspection with multiple data sets
Data fusion for improving the reliability of automated non-destructive inspection
Metamaterial-inspired miniaturized microwave edge coupled surface scanning probe
False call rate estimation
Thermo-mechanical reliability evaluation for microelectronic packaging using C-mode scanning acoustic microscopy
Probability of detection (POD) is not NDT/E reliability
Section B. NDE Benchmarking
Ultrasonic flaw sizing - An overview
Numerical results for the WFNDEC 2012 eddy current benchmark problem
2012 eddy current benchmark modeling of impedance variation in coil due to a thin longitudinal through-wall notch in an inconel 600 tube
Section C. NDE Challenges
USAF perspective on foundational challenges for enhanced damage sensing
Attendees List
Author Index 7
Subject Index 7